26 3 Vol126, No13 2006 8 TROP ICAL GEOGRAPHY Aug., 2006, 3, ( /, 510275) : 20 90,,,,,,, 5, : ; ; ; : K928. 5; C922 : A : 1001-5221 (2006) 03-0248 - 06 20 90,,, ( ),,, [ 1-2 ], 90 [ 3-4 ],, [ 5-9 ], [ 10-11 ] [ 12-13 ] [ 14-15 ] [ 16-17 ], [ 18 ],,, 90 (1995 2004 ),, 10 ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 ( 1),, 1 3 Fig. 1 D ivision of three circles of Guangzhou metropolitan area : 2006-04 - 08; : 2006-05 - 03 : ( : 40471039) : (1976 - ),,,,,, ( E2mail) yyuanah@163. com 3, ( E2mail) eesxds@ zsu. edu 1995 1996,, 1997, 2005 4 :,,
3 : 249 1 1. 1 2003, 2 247,, 3 000 (, 2004), ( 1), 10 1993, 1993 1996 ; 1997, 1990 2004 26 ( 2) 6 :,, 1 000 1 700, 1997 1 2. 8 2003 1 18. 3, 2003 5% ( 3, 4) 1 2004 Tab. 1 Head2count index of main cities in China (2004) / / ( % ) 1352. 39 40. 36 2. 98 932. 55 20. 51 2. 20 725 15. 7 2. 17 583. 6 12. 05 2. 06 1162. 90 16. 10 1. 38 737. 67 4. 225 0. 57 3 Fig. 3 Comparison of traditional and new urban poor (1997-2003) : 2004, 4 2003 ig. 4 The p roportions of different urban poor of Guangzhou metropolitan area (2003) 2 1990-2004 Fig. 2 Number of registered urban poor of Guangzhou metropolitan area (1990-2004) 1. 2,,, 1. 3 1997 166. 19 / 2004 119. 11 / ; 12 ( ) 1997 22 151. 1 2004 18 242. 56, : 1993-2004, 50 ; 1990-2004
250 26,, ;,,,, 2 3 1995 2004 ( % ) Tab. 3 D ifference of spatial concentration index of urban poor (1995, 2004) 1995 2004 > 20 0. 00 0. 00 1. 00 8. 33 15 19 3. 00 25. 00 1. 00 8. 33 10 14 2. 00 16. 67 1. 00 8. 33 5 9 1. 00 8. 33 4. 00 33. 33 1 4 4. 00 33. 33 5. 00 41. 67 2. 1 2. 1. 1 ( 2) 2 1995 2004 Tab. 2 Comparison of the indexes of spatial distribution and concentration of urban poor (1995, 2004) ( % ) 1995 u 17. 79 2. 52 W 6. 59 2. 64 V 136. 64 263. 68 2004 u 19. 04 1. 90 W 9. 70 0. 66 V 142. 14 308. 08 2004 3 1995, 1995 17. 79%, 2004 19. 04%, 2004 1995 1995 0% 19% ( 3), 20%, 1% ; 2004 20%, 1%, 10% 19%, 75% 1% 9%,, 2004 1995,, 1995, < 1 2. 00 16. 67 0. 00 0. 00 12. 00 100. 00 12. 00 100. 00 10, 2. 1. 2 1995 2004 10 ( 5), ( - 30. 75% ), ( - 10. 29% ) ; ( - 9. 95% ), (2. 88% ) ; (64. 26% ), (12. 61% ) 10 5 1995 2004 3 Fig. 5 Proportional change of urban poor and registered population of three circles u W,W = 0 ;W, V, V = 0, V,
3 : 251 2. 2 ( ), 1995, 2004, 1 45 5 ( 6, 7) 2. 2. 1 1995, 2004,, 6 1995-2004 Fig. 6 Five different spatial areas of urban poor s location quotient (1995, 2004) 15%, 45,, 2. 2. 4 1995 2004, 2004 1995,, 2. 2. 5 1995, 2004,, 7, ; 2, 1 ; 1, 2 3 7 Fig. 7 D istribution of five different spatial areas 2. 2. 2 1995 2004, 2004 1995,, 2. 2. 3 10 3. 1, [ 19 ],, -,,
252 26 ; -,,,, ;, ;,,, [ 19-22 ] ;,,, 3. 2 90,,,, (1953-1957), ;, ; 70 : 50 ; 60,,,,, 3. 3,,,,,,,,,, 4, 80 :,, 1-8.,, 90,,,, ;,,,, [ 1 ]. [ J ]., 1997 (5) : 40-47. [ 2 ]. [ J ]., 1999, 23 ( 6) : [ 3 ]. [ J ]., 1991 (6) : 12-18. [ 4 ],.
3 : 253 [ J ]., 1991 (02) : 21-23. [ 5 ],,,. [ J ]., 1999, 18 (4) : 400-406. [ 6 ],. [ J ]., 2000, 19 (1) : 64-69. [ 7 ]. [M ]. :, 2005. [ 8 ],,. [ J ]., 2004, 24 (5) : 542-548. [ 9 ],. [ J ]., 2003, 23 (5) : 630-634. [ 10 ],,. [ J ]., 2003, 18 (5) : 17-21. [ 11 ]. [ J ]., 2004, 28 (6) : 74-77. [ 12 ]. [ J ]. :, 1998 (5) : 90-92. [ 13 ]. [M ]. :, 1999. [ 14 ]. [ J ]., 1996 (4) : 64-70. [ 15 ],. [ J ]., 1996, 20 (3) : 7-16. [ 16 ]. [ J ]., 1997 (2) : 60-71. [ 17 ]. [M ]. :, 1998. [ 18 ],,. [ J ]., 2006, 21 (1) : 93-99. [ 19 ],. [ J ]., 1989, 44 (4) : 385-399. [ 20 ],. [ J ]., 1995, 14 (2) : 15-26. [ 21 ]. [D ]. :, 2005. [ 22 ]. [D ]. :, 2004. The Character istics and Spa tia l D istr ibution of the Reg istered Urban Poor in Guangzhou M etropolitan Area dur ing the Tran sitiona l Per iod of Econom ic System Reform in Ch ina YUAN Yuan, XUE De2sheng, XU Xue2qiang (D epartm ent of U rban and Regional planning / Center for U rban and Regional Research, Sun Yat2sen U niversity, Guangzhou 510275, China) Abstract:W ith the accelerated reform of political2econom ic system and state2owned enterp rises since the late 1990 s, the sum and type of the registered urban poor have tremendously increased in Guangzhou metropolitan area. The new types of the urban poor include the lay2off workers, the unemp loyment and the working poor, etc. They have become the main part of the registered urban poor instead of the p revious " three no" ( no job, no income, no child) peop le. The poverty gap index reduced because the m ain body of social assistance changed from individuals w ithout any income to fam ilies w ith a little income. The relative difference of the spatial distrubution of the registered urban poor increased in Guagnzhou metropolitan area, and those urban poor mainly concentrated in the surrounding circle of the inner city. Five different spatial areas are found and defined based on the the change of registered ur2 ban poor s location quotient. The m ain driving forces for the spatial transformation are the historic development, the work2unit system, the reform of state2owned enterp rises and the urban housing market. Today, some historic poor or rich areas rem ain the same social2econom ic characters. The reform of state owned enterp rises and the rise of the un2 emp loyment rate resulted in a dramatic increase in urban poverty. There exits a close linkage between the spatial distrubution of registered urban poor and the location of the state2owned enterp rises because of the work2unit system and the allocation system of urban houses which resulted in the dramatic concentration of registered urban poor in the inner city surrounding circle. In the p rocess of urban regeneration, some low income pepole were moved out of the inner city while some were still concentrated in cerntain dilap idated areas, that resulted in the unbalanced spa2 tial distrubution in the core circle of the inner city. Key words: Registered urban poor; Spatial distribution and evolutio; D riving force; Guangzhou m etropolitan area