,,,,, 2010 2 1978,30 9. 4 %, [1 ], 1 %12. 6 %,,, ;,, 10 %, 90 %,,1,9 : GDP 9 %, GDP 15 % ;1 GDP 4. 3 11 [1 ],,, 1Π4 3200, 3 %, 10 2007 8,,,,,,,, 14
,20,, 83,, 100 10,15,3 (generalist) ;25 15 10, 20 30 25,30 25 20, 50 30, 10 %, 66 % ( 80 %), 16 % [2 ] 6 200 60 60 : 60,8. 90, 3. 51,6. 59, 8. 66,,, ( < 40 %) ;,, 97 %!,, 20 %, 10 %, IT 0. 50. 7 %, 600 23 [3 ],,,,, ;,?,, School Education School ( ), ( ), Leisure ( ), ( ) ; Education Educare,,,,, (Leisure) Education Education ;,,,,,Education,,Education,,,!,,,,! 15
2010 3,,, ( ),! 90 :,, ; ; ;,,,,,,;,,?,, 1.,,,,,,,,, ( ), ;,,,,,,,, ( Entry Level) (MIT),MIT,, 20 % (),,,,,,,,,,200, ( Technolo2 gist), 20, 13 15 16 18,, 16
,450, (2007 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,:,,( ),, () MIT [4 ] 1957 (Co - operative Education) 3500,2 15,100 [5 ] 109 37,400,,,,,,, 200,,, ;, 4 100 %,,,, 3.,, : ; ; ; ( ), 17
2010 3,, ;,,,, ;,, ;,, ; ;,,;,, ( ),,,:,,!,,,,,,,,,, 4. :,,,, ;,,,,,,,, ;,, ;180200,120130,,,,,,,, (, ) 5. :, ;,, ;, ;,,,, 18
,,, Group T :,,,,,, 6. Teaching, Pushing,, ; Learning,Pulling,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,( ),,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 7.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 19
2010 3,,, : ; ; ; ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,, 1,, Group T 5E,Engi2 neering( ) Enterprising ( ) Ed2 ucating( ) Environmenting() Ensembling( ) [6 ], :,,, CDIO 12,,,,,,,, 1 ( ),,,,?,, ;,,,,! 600, 25 % 25 %, 20
,5 %211 1. 25 %,, 1. 25 %,,,, 211,( 5 15 %),( ),,, 600 211211, 2 %,,600,,, ;,,,,, 211,,,,, ; 5 %,,,,, 60,,,, 80 90,,,,,,!,,,,211 211,,,? 211 600 5 %,1. 25 % ; 1. 25 %,, 211,, 1. 2 %,,1. 9 %,0. 86 %, 2110. 54 % 211 25 % ; 6,300, 30 GDP211!,211 21
2010 3, ( ),,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 4000, 50 100,10 ; 40000, 100 ; 5000,10,,,,,,,, 20 %,,,,,,,,80 %, :, ;,, ;,,,,, (5 %),,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ),,, 22
,,,,,,, :, 211,, 211,,, 211,,,,,,,,,,,!,,,85 % 211,,, 2, 1., 1993, 2 23
2010 3 GDP 4 %, 2009 3. 28 %, (4. 9 %), (4. 1 %),,,,,,, (3040 %),, ( 50 70 %),,,,;,,,,,,, 20 % () () ( ) () ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,! 2.,,,, 3. (973 863 ),, 4.,,,,,, 24
,,;,,,,,,,,, ;, ;, ( :, ; ; ; (: 4500100850) ) 1. :, 2010 2. China s looming talent shortage, The Mckinsey Quarterly :The online journal of Mckinsey & Co., http :ΠΠwww. mckinseyquarterly. comπarti2 cle - print. aspx? L2 = 18&L3 = 31& ar = 1685. 3. :, lileshan2 @sina. com 4. : CDIO, 2008 3 5. :, 2009 6. Johan De Graeve,Paradox - based strategy for innovative engineering education (: )., 2002 10 ; http :ΠΠwww. group - t. be. Reforming Undergraduate Educatio n in Re search2ba sed Universitie s to Cultivate Innovative Talents Zha Jianzhong To build an innovative countryrequires huge quantity of innovative talents with high quality. As the main force of cultivating talents, the higher education sector is greatly responsible for this important and difficult task. This paper starts with the needs on innovative talents of the industries in the transit and upgrade period of the devel2 opment of the economy, reveals the gap between industry s needs and supplying ability of the higher education, an2 alyzes the causes of the gap, and proposes an integrated strategies for reforming the higher education. A special at2 tention is given to the necessity, feasibility, and importance of the reform of undergraduate education in research2 oriented universities in the course of development of the innovative country,and based analysis, a series of mea2 sures and suggestions for the reform are provided. 25