8 00 Chinese Journal of Management Science :003-07 (00) 0-0046 - 06 8, No. Vol. Feb., 00 Malmquist,, (., 30007 ;., 00080) :Malmquist,, 006 007, Malmquist,Malmquist, :Malmquist ; ; : F4. 7 :A Sten Malmquist (953),, [ ],Malmquist Caves, Christensen Diewert ( CCD,98), [ ] Fgre, Grosskopf, Lindgren Roos ( F GL R,994) CCD Farrell (957), Malmquist, [3 ] Ray Desli (997) RD Malmquist [4 ] ; Si mar Wilson (998,999),,, Malmquist [5, 6 ] Nikolaos Maniadakis (004) Malmquist [ 7 ] :008-09 - 7 ; :009 - - 5 : (708500) ; ( TJ U - YFF - 08B09) :(98 - ), ( ),,,, :, (008), Malmquist [8 ],, ;,,,,,,, Hjalmarsson Veiderpass ( 99 ) Malmquist [9 ] Pollitt (995) D EA SFA, 0 [0 ] : Hattori (00, 005) [ ] [ ] Delmas Tokat (005) [3 ] Tsut sui Goto (009) DEA 转载
:Malmquist 47 [4 ],,, Malmquist 006 007 : ; Malmquist,t t + x t r = ( x t r, x t r,, x t rn ) T, y t r = ( y t r, y t r,, y t rm ) T,x t r R n +, y t r R m +, t r ; ( x t r, y t r) L t, L t t, D t ( x t, y t ) t D EA [5 ] D t ( x t, y t ), ; D t ( x t, y t ), [6 ] [7 ] t t + Malmquist M I [ 7 ] : M I = Dt ( y t+, x t+ ) D t ( y t, x t ) M I Dt+ ( y t+, x t+ ) D t+ ( y t, x t ) () >,, x t+ x t, t t + Malmquist ( Techni cal Efficiency Change : T E ) ( Techno logical Change : TC ) : T E = Dt+ ( y t+, x t+ ) D t ( y t, x t ) TC = D t ( y t+, x t+ ) D t+ ( y t+, x t+ ) Dt ( y t, x t ) D t+ ( y t, x t ) () (3), ;, t t +,,, TC 3 Malmquist Malmquist, [ ],,, ;,,,,Malmquist [8 ] 3. r : u t r ( y t r) R m +, r =,,, N, DEA D EA r, r r N -,,, r : ur t ( y r t ) = r- N j = j = r + uj t ( y j t ) N t : R t ( x t, u t ) = max{ u t r ( y t r) : y t r L t ( x t r), u t r > y t r 0}, r =,,, N (4) u t r ( y t r) / R t ( x t r, u t r) u t r ( y t r) R t ( x t r, u t r),r t ( x t, u t ),,,,, r t t + Malmquist : MU = ut ( y t+ ) / R t ( x t+, u t ) u t ( y t ) / R t ( x t, u t ) ut+ ( y t+ ) / R t+ ( x t+, u t+ ) u t+ ( y t ) / R t+ ( x t, u t+ ) (5), Malmquist,, 3. Malmquist Malmquist, Malmquist,
48 00, Malmquist IsoL t ( x t ), IsoR t ( y t, u t ),(5) : MU = OB / OF OG/ OA OB / OE OG/ OC Malmquist (6) (6) Malmquist :(Overall Efficiency Change : ciency Change) ( A E : Allocative Effi ciency Change) T E, Malmquist A E, : OEC = T E A E = T E = Dt+ ( y t+, x t+ ) D t ( y t, x t ) OB / OE OG/ OA = OB / OM OG/ ON (0) () A E = ut+ ( y t+ ) / [ R t+ ( x t+, u t+ ) D t+ ( y t+, u t+ ) ] u t ( y t ) / [ R t ( x t, u t ) D t ( y t, u t ) ] [ OB / OE ]/ [ OB / OM ] OM / OE OEC ) ( UtilityTechnical = = () [ OG/ OA ]/ [ OG/ ON ] O N / OA Change : U T C ) U T C t t +, MU = OEC U T C (7) x t x t+ OEC = ut+ ( y t+ ) / R t+ ( x t+, u t+ ) (8) Malmqist u t ( y t ) / R t ( x t, u t ), u t ( y t+ ) / R t ( x t+, u t ) U T C = ( u t+ ( y t+ ) / R t+ ( x t+, u t+ TC : technical ) ut ( y t ) / R t ( x t, u t change) ( OS E : Out side System ) u t+ ( y t ) / R t+ ( x t, u t+ ) (9) Effect) TC Malmquist, t t + OEC t t +, OS E,, : ( T E : Technical Effi U T C = TC OS E = = OE O F OC OA TC = D t ( x t+, y t+ ) D t+ ( x t+, y t+ ) OB / OF OB / OE D t ( x t, y t ) D t+ ( x t, y t ) OG/ OA OG/ OC (3)
:Malmquist 49 OS E = = OB / O H OB / OM OG/ ON OG/ OZ = OM O H OZ O N (4) u t ( y t+ ) / [ R t ( x t+, u t ) D t ( x t+, y t+ ) ] u t+ ( y t+ ) / [ R t+ ( x t+, u t+ ) D t+ ( x t+, y t+ ) ] ut ( y t ) / [ R t ( x t, u t ) D t ( x t, y t ) ] u t+ ( y t ) / [ R t+ ( x t, u t+ ) D t+ ( x t, y t ) ] = = [OB/ OF]/ [OB/ OH ] OA ]/ [OG/ ON ] [OG/ [OB/ OE]/ [OB/ OM ] [OG/ OC]/ [OG/ OZ] O H/ OF OM / OE ON / OA O Z/ OC (5),Malmquist : MU = OEC U T C = ( T E A E) ( TC OS E) = ( T E TC) ( A E OS E) = M I A E OS E (6),Malmquist Malmquist, 4 4. 4 006 007,,, Malmquist D EA, 4, : 0, : A 4. :,, ;,,, ;,, ; :, (7) u t r ( y t r) = ( y t max - y t min) + ( y t r - ymin t ) ( y t ymax t - ymin t max - ymin) t y t max = max{ y t j } ymin t = min{ y t j } j =,,, N j j (7) y t max, y t min t 4, Wind 006-007 006 ( ) 007 ( ) 64756 99408 435976 5508 57507 6704 558 9836 60906 33796 708506 85563 8476 370 9447 0896 DEA : : N = 4 >. 5 4 = 0 ; 0, ; :, ;, 006 007,; 006,007,, 4. 3 DEA
50 00,DEA, Malmquist Malmquist Malmquist M I MU M I MU T E. 07 0. 435. 07 0. 435 0. 943 0. 3 0. 943 0. 7 A E 0. 84 0. 50. 50 0. 53 OEC 0. 80 0. 48. 053 0. 50 TC 0. 970 0. 38 0. 970 0. 38. 04 0. 05. 04 0. 05 OS E 0. 753 0. 96. 4 0. 345 U T C 0. 7 0. 083. 89 0. 49 M 0. 95 0. 43 0. 564 0. 83 0. 97 0. 6. 7 0. 343,, T E 07 ;,,, T E,0. 943,,, A E 50,0. 84 ;, OEC 0. 80,. 053,,, OEC, 007,, TC 0. 970,, TC,. 04 007,, 30,,. 74 %,,,, OS E 0. 753,. 4,Malmquist U T C 57. 7,. 89, T E, TC A E, U T C,, A E, U T C Malmquist : MU,,, 007,, Malmquist Malmquist, Malquist Malmuist,, 5 Malmquist,, Malmquist, MU,, Malmquist,,,,Malmquist Malmquist,,006 007 4
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