热带海洋学报 JOURNAL OF TROPICAL OCEANOGRAPHY 2010 年第 29 卷第 3 期 :97 102 海洋生物学 http://jto.scsio.ac.cn; http://www.jto.ac.cn Cheilinus undulates 区又君, 李加儿 (, 510300) : Cheilinus undulates, ( ) 80.97% 18.38% 0.10% 0.49% 18, 15.70%( ), 39.37%, FAO/WHO / 2.5654, / ; (AAS), (Thr), (Trp); (EAAI) 68.46; 4 (SAA) 31.85% (EPA) + (DHA) 21.86%, : Cheilinus undulates; ; ; ; 中图分类号 : S965 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : 1009-5470(2010)03-0097-06 Analysis and evaluation of nutrition composition of double-headed parrotfish Cheilinus undulates OU You-jun, LI Jia-er ( South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China) Abstract: Nutritive composition in muscle of wild double-headed parrotfish Cheilinus undulates was investigated in this study. Results showed that the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, and crude ash in fresh muscle of C. undulates were 80.97%, 18.38%, 0.10% and 0.49%, respectively. A total of 18 kinds of common amino acid in the muscle was detected with the 15.7%(wet weight); the content of essential amino acids was 39.37% of the total ones, which met the Food and Agriculture Organization of the Untied Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) standard. The ratio of branch-chain amino acids to aromatic amino acids was 2.5654, close to the normal value of that in human. According to nutritive evaluation in amino acid score(aas), the first limited amino acid was threonine (Thr), the second was tryptophane (Trp), and the value of essential amino acid index (EAAI) was 68.46. The total content of four smelled amino acids was 31.85%. The content of EPA + DHA in fatty acids was 21.86% The elements of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn were found in muscle, which were essential for the human. In conclusion, this research indicated that C. undulates is a nutritive sea-food fish. Key words: double-headed parrotfish Cheilinus undulates; biochemical composition; amino acid; fatty acid; mineral and trace element Cheilinus undulates,, (Perciformes) (Labridae),,, [1], (IUCN), 20% [2],, [3] 收稿日期 2009-01-21; 修订日期 2009-05-31 基金项目 863 (2006AA10A414) 作者简介 (1964 ),,,, E-mail: ouyoujun@126.com
98 Vol. 29, No. 3 / May, 2010,, 1 1.1 2007 6, 5, 450 536g,,,, 100 105, 2 3 1.2 1.2.1 水分测定 105 (GB/T6435-1986) 1.2.2 蛋白质测定 (GB/T5009.5-2003) 1.2.3 脂肪测定 (GB/T5009.6-2003) 1.2.4 灰分测定 550 (GB/T6438-1994) 1.2.5 氨基酸测定 835-50 (GB/T5009.124-2003) 1.2.6 脂肪酸测定 GC/MS (, JY/T 003-1996 ) 1.2.7 微量元素测定 Varian 220FSO Varian 220Z, JY/T 023-1996 1.3 FAO/WHO1973 [4] [5], (AAS) (CS)(EAAI) [6] / (BCAA/AAA) [7] : (1) (AAS)= 100/FAO/WHO ; (2) (CS)= 100/; (3) (EAAI)= [( t / S 100) ( t / S 100 ) ( t / S 100)] 1/n, : n, t, s ; (4) / (BCAA/AAA) =( + +)/(+ ) 2 2.1 1 1, 18.38%,,, (19.64%) (19.14%) (19.21%)(18.90%), (13.12%) (13.86%); 0.10%,, 表 1 波纹唇鱼与几种海水鱼类的肌肉营养成分比较 ( 鲜重 ; %) Tab. 1 Comparisons of nutrient contents of muscle in C.undulates with other seawater fishes(wet weight; %) C undulates [6] Epinephalus malabaricus [8] Pseudosciaena crocea [9] Mugil cephalus [10] Sparus macrocephalue [10] Hapalogencys nitens [11] Signanus oramin 80.97 18.38 0.10 0.49 76.63 19.14 1.41 0.99 75.30 18.90 3.11 0.95 73.82 19.21 6.91 1.05 81.18 13.12 2.53 1.21 80.25 13.86 2.03 1.11 74.52 19.64 4.71 1.09
: Cheilinus undulates 99 2.2 2.2.1 氨基酸组成 2 15.70%( ) 18, (Glu), 2.6056%, 16.60%; (Cys), 0.1058%, 0.67%, (Lys), 8.89%, (Asp) 2, 8, ; 表 2 波纹唇鱼肌肉的氨基酸组成 (%) Tab. 2 Composition of amino acids in muscle of C. undulates (%) ( ) ( ) Asp 1.6407 8.62 Thr* 0.6034 3.17 Ser 0.4181 2.20 Glu 2.6056 13.69 Pro 0.5659 2.97 Gly 0.8092 4.25 Ala 1.0072 5.29 Cys 0.1058 0.56 Val* 0.7942 4.17 Met* 0.4823 2.53 Ile* 0.7608 4.00 Leu* 1.3737 7.22 Tyr 0.5185 2.72 Phe* 0.6231 3.27 Lys* 1.3961 7.34 NH 3 0.2406 1.26 His** 0.3048 1.60 Trp* 0.1498 0.79 Arg** 1.0299 5.41 Tau 0.2748 1.44 total amino acid 15.7047 82.53 6.1834 32.49 1.3347 7.0137 7.6710 40.3100 EAA/TAA(%) 39.37 39.37 EAA/NEAA(%) 80.6075 80.6075 EAA/(NEAA+HEAA)(%) 68.6686 68.6686 BCAA/AAA 2.5654 2.5654 : *, ** ; TAA, EAA, HEAA, NEAA, BCAA, AAA (EAA/TAA) 39.37%, (EAA/NEAA) 80.6075%, (EAA/(NEAA+HEAA)) 68.6686% FAO/WHO,, EAA/TAA 40%, EAA/NEAA 60%, 2, / 2.5654 2.2.2 必需氨基酸组成 3 3, (AAS), 1 (100 ) 1(100 ), + (Phe+Tyr) 99, 50% 0.79(79 ), (CS) 0.5(50 ) (FAO/WHO ), (Lys), FAO/WHO (AAS), (Thr), (Trp)(CS), (Trp)+ (Met+Cys), (Val), (EAAI) 68.46 2.2.3 鲜味氨基酸 2 (Asp)(Glu) 2 (Gly)(Ala) 4, 4 (Glu)> (Asp)> (Ala)> (Gly),, 2.3 5 5, 23,, ; 37.88%, 60.93%, 0.63, (EPA)+ (DHA), 21.86%
100 Vol. 29, No. 3 / May, 2010 表 3 波纹唇鱼肌肉蛋白必需氨基酸组成的评价 (%) Tab. 3 Evaluation of composition of essential amino acids in muscle protein of C. undulates(%) C. undulates FAO/WHO (AAS) (CS) Thr 1.9813 2.50 2.92 0.79* 0.68 Val 2.6063 3.10 4.10 0.84 0.64** + Met+Cys 1.9313 2.20 3.86 0.88 0.50* Ile 2.5 2.5 3.31 1.00 0.76 Leu 4.5125 4.4 5.34 1.03 0.85 + Phe+Tyr 3.7438 3.8 5.65 0.99 0.66 Lys 4.5875 3.40 4.41 1.35 1.04 Trp 0.4938 0.60 0.99 0.82** 0.50* : *, ** 表 4 波纹唇鱼肌肉中鲜味氨基酸的组成与其他海水鱼类的比较 ( 干重 ; %) Tab. 4 Composition of smelled amino acids in muscle of C. undulates and comparison with other seawater fishes (dry weight; %) C. undulates E. malabaricus [7] M. cephalus [9] S. oramin [11] P. crocea [8] Asp 8.62 10.40 7.73 6.57 9.11 Glu 13.69 14.72 11.27 9.55 16.72 Gly 4.25 5.17 3.79 3.44 4.61 Ala 5.29 6.20 4.59 4.80 5.96 31.85 36.49 27.38 24.36 36.40 表 5 波纹唇鱼肌肉的脂肪酸组成 ( 干重 ; %) Tab. 5 Composition of fatty acids in muscle of C. undulates (dry weight; %) Dodecanoic acid 0.34 Tridecanoic acid 0.18 Tetradecanoic acid 3.57 Pentadecanoic acid 0.15 Palmitic acid 22.00 Heptadecanoic acid 2.95 Stearic acid 12.58 Nonadecanoic 15.53 Eicosanoic acid 0.82 Docosanoic acid 2.81 SFA 60.93 Hexadecenoic acid 4.34 Heptadecenoic acid 1.01 Oleic acid 0.61 Eicosenoic acid 0.69 MUFA 6.65 Linoleic acid 1.52 Linolenic acid 1.05 Eicosadienoic acid 0.49 Arachidonic acid 1.20 Eicosapentaenoic acid 9.21 Docosatrienoic acid 2.04 Docosatetraenoic acid 1.58 Docosapentaenoic acid 1.49 Docosahexaenoic acid 12.65 PUFA 31.23 + 21.86 2.4 7 ( ) 4 ( ), 6, HILL MATRON,, Zn:Cu>10, Zn:Fe>1 [12],, Zn:Cu 6.96, Zn:Fe 0.97,, 3 3.1 [11],,, (0.10%), (0.49%),, 3.5% 4.5%;,,, 4.45%, [7],
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