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1 40 2 Vol.40, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Mar., 2009 (Protosalanx hyalocranius) * ( ; ) 12 : (Ca) (Na) (Mg) (K) (Zn) (Mn) (Se) (Cu) (Fe) (Co) (As) mg/kg ; (Cd) ; Na K Cu As Se Ca Mg Zn, 100% As Cd,,,,, S917 (Protosalanx hyalocranius), (, 2002),,,,,, (1985) (1992) ; (1980) ; Liu (2000),,, (1994) (Cd) (As), (1997) (2005), ( ) (Salanx acuticeps),, (Yang et al, 2002; Campana, 2005;, 2006),,,, ;,,, *, ,, [email protected] : , :

2 , ( 1), 6, 24 h,,, 表 1 大银鱼基本数据 Tab.1 The measurement of icefish samples (cm) ( g) (cm) ( g) HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS TS HS g, 1.5ml (MOS, ), PTFE ( ), 30ml 7500ce (ICP-MS), (Na) (Mg) (K) (Ca) (Mn) (Fe) (Co) (Cu) (Zn) (As) (Se) (Cd) (GBW-08571), SPSS14.1 ( Statistical Package for the Social Science ), U SRISTAT for Excel ( Social Survey Research Information ) ( 2) U, (P<0.05) (1992), 4 8,,,, ( 3) Na Mg K Ca, : Na ( ) mg/kg Mg ( ) mg/kg K ( ) mg/kg Ca ( ) mg/kg; Na ( ) mg/kg Mg ( ) mg/kg K ( ) mg/kg Ca ( ) mg/kg Zn Mn : Zn ( ) mg/kg Mn ( ) mg/kg; Zn ( ) mg/kg Mn ( ) mg/kg; Fe Cu Se, : Fe ( ) mg/kg Cu ( ) mg/kg Se ( ) mg/kg; Fe ( ) mg/kg Cu ( ) mg/kg Se ( ) mg/kg As Co : As ( ) mg/kg Co ( ) mg/kg; As ( ) mg/kg Co ( ) mg/kg, 19 Cd 表 2 太湖和洪泽湖大银鱼体内的含水率 (%) Tab.2 The moisture content (%) of the icefish in the Taihu and Hongze Lakes HS1 HS2 HS3 HS4 HS5 HS6 HS7 HS8 HS9 HS TS1 TS2 TS3 TS4 TS5 TS6 TS7 TS8 TS

6 0.6 1.2 0.1g, 1.5ml (MOS, ), PTFE ( ), 30ml 7500ce (ICP-MS), (Na) (Mg) (K) (Ca) (Mn) (Fe) (Co) (Cu) (Zn) (As) (Se) (Cd) (GBW-08571), SPSS14.

3 2 : (Protosalanx hyalocranius) 203, Ca > K > Na > Mg > Zn > Mn > Fe > Se > Cu > Co > As > Cd, Ca mg/kg, Na mg/kg, Mg mg/kg, K mg/kg, Zn mg/kg, Mn mg/kg, Fe mg/kg, Se mg/kg, Cu mg/kg, Co mg/kg, As mg/kg, Cd, Fe Co, Mg Ca Mn Co Zn, Na Mg K Ca Cu As Se (P<0.01), Zn (P<0.05) Na K Ca Se, ( 1) 3 3.1, Fe,,, 1 Fig.1 The comparison among concentrations of different elements in the icefishes in the Taihu and Hongze Lakes **P<0.01, *P<0.05 表 3 太湖 (T) 和洪泽湖 (H) 大银鱼体内元素的浓度 (mg/kg) Tab.3 The concentration (mg/kg) of elements in body of the icefish in the Taihu (T) and Hongzehu (H) Lakes Na Mg K Ca Mn Fe Co Cu Zn As Se Cd T T T T T T T T T Na Mg K Ca Mn Fe Co Cu Zn As Se Cd H H H H H H H H H H :

05) Na K Ca Se, ( 1) 3 3.1, Fe,,, 1 Fig.1 The comparison among concentrations of different elements in the icefishes in the Taihu and Hongze Lakes **P<0.01, *P<0.

4 Cu Fe ; ;,,,, ; Mg ; K ; Na (, 2002),,,,,,,,, Zn Ca,, Zn Ca Cu, Se,, Cu Se,, (),,, 4, Mg Ca Zn (, 2006) Ca mg/kg,, mg/kg Mg mg/kg,, 190.5mg/kg Zn mg/kg,, 28.48mg/kg,,,,,,, ( ), Ca Mg Zn Fe, mg/kg, 9.95 mg/kg(, 2006), (2005) Fe (38.94 mg/kg) Fe, Fe 3.2, Na Mg K Ca Cu As Se (P<0.01), Zn (P = 0.02<0.05), 4, /,, (, Cd, ), 表 4 大银鱼与几种海产鱼类肌肉组织元素浓度的比较 (mg/kg) Tab.4 The comparison in element content in the icefish body (mg/kg) * * * * Na Mg K Ca Fe Cu Zn * (2006)

05), 4, /,, (, Cd, ), 表 4 大银鱼与几种海产鱼类肌肉组织元素浓度的比较 (mg/kg) Tab.4 The comparison in element content in the icefish body (mg/kg) * * * * Na 2178.60 1439.10 468.9 431.84 424.14 396.

5 2 : (Protosalanx hyalocranius) 205 ( 2) 1 2,,, 19, 100%,, : F = 0.192C Na 0.051C Mg 0.050C K C Ca 8.28C Mn C Fe C Co + 287C Cu 4.49C Zn + 291C As 28.7C Se [F, C (mg/kg)], F , F , 1 2 (H: ; T: ) Fig.2 Principal Component Analysis on the elements in the icefish (T, the Taihu Lake; H, the Hongze Lake),, ;, 3.3,, As Cd Cu Se, 5, () (NY ) (GB ), As Cd Cu Se, (2005), As Cd, : (1), 1 (, 1992), ; (2),,,,, 4 (1), Ca > K> Na > Mg > Zn > Mn > Tab.5 表 5 大银鱼一些元素浓度与国家标准的比较 (mg/kg ) The comparison in concentrations of several trace elements in the icefish of the present study with regarding national standards (mg/kg wet weight) As Cd Cu Se GB NY : 2 ; ; GB ; NY ()

3,, As Cd Cu Se, 5, () (NY5073-2001) (GB2762-2005), As Cd Cu Se, (2005), As Cd, : (1), 1 (, 1992), ; (2),,,,, 4 (1), Ca > K> Na > Mg > Zn > Mn > Tab.

6 Fe > Se > Cu > Co > As > Cd : Ca , Na , Mg , K , Zn , Mn , Se , Cu , Fe 24.19, Co 4.684, As mg/kg, Cd (2) Mg Ca Mn Co Zn : F = 0.192C Na 0.051C Mg 0.050C K C Ca 8.28C Mn C Fe C Co + 287C Cu 4.49C Zn + 291C As 28.7C Se % (3),, Ca Mg Zn Fe,, 致谢本研究得到了中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业中心郁桐炳副研究员何全源先生曲疆奇同学和江苏省太湖渔业管理委员会的大力支持, 谨致谢忱,,, , 10(4): ,, , 4(1): 56 62,,, , 13(11): 60 63,,, , 24(3): 8 10,,, , 7: 13 15, , 9(3): ,, , 4: 76 79,,, , 14(3): ,, , 3: 39 40,,, , 9(9): 1 49,, (,, ). :, Campana S E, Otolith Elemental Composition as a Natural Marker of Fish Stocks. In: Cadrin S X, Friedland K D, Waldman J R ed. Stock Identification Methods: Applications in Fishery Science. Burlington: Elsevier Academic Press, Liu Z W, Herzig A, Schiemer F, Growth of the Icefish Neosalanx pseudotaihuensis (Salangidae) in Xujiahe Reservoir, Central China. Environ Biol Fish, 59(2): Yang J, Kunito T, Tanabe S et al, Trace elements in skin of Dall s porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli) from the northern waters of Japan: an evaluation for utilization as non-lethal tracers. Mar Pollut Bull, 45(1 12):

7C Se + 347 100% (3),, Ca Mg Zn Fe,, 致谢本研究得到了中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业中心郁桐炳副研究员何全源先生曲疆奇同学和江苏省太湖渔业管理委员会的大力支持, 谨致谢忱,,, 2002.., 10(4): 416 424,, 1992.

7 2 : (Protosalanx hyalocranius) 207 BIOACCUMULATION OF ELEMENTS IN ICEFISH PROTOSALANX HYALOCRANIUS FROM THE TAIHU LAKE AND HONGZE LAKE YANG Jian 1, XU Xun 2, LIU Hong-Bo 1 (1. Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, ; 2. College of Fisheries, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi, ) Abstract Icefish Protosalanx hyalocranius is an important commercial fish in freshwater lakes of China. Research on bioaccumulation of mineral and trace elements in this fish is however very limited. Bioaccumulation of 12 elements in 19 P. hyalocranius individuals from the Taihu and Hongze Lake in Jiangsu Province, China are studied with ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy). Results show that the concentration ranges of elements in the fish collected from the two lakes are: calcium (Ca), ; sodium (Na), ; magnesium (Mg), ; potassium (K), ; zinc (Zn), ; manganese (Mn), ; selenium (Se), ; copper (Cu), ; arsenic (As), ; iron (Fe), non-detectable (n.d.) 24.19; cobalt (Co), n.d mg/kg dry weight; and cadmium (Cd), n.d. Except for Fe, P. hyalocranius seems to be rich in essential elements generally, especially Ca, Mg, and Zn. The concentrations of Na, K, Cu, As, and Se in the Taihu Lake fish samples are significantly higher than those in the Hongze Lake, while the Ca, Mg and Zn concentrations are significantly higher in the latter. Principal component analysis reveals clear geographic differentiation in holistic elemental accumulation patterns in samples of the two lakes. A linear discriminate analysis function has been established based on the element concentration patterns to discriminate them between the two lakes and the discrimination rate reached 100%. In addition, As, Cd, Cu and Se residuals are well below the levels of the national standards for foods (NY and GB ). Therefore, the fish shall be safe for human consumption. Key words Icefish Protosalanx hyalocranius, Element, Principal Component Analysis, Discriminated Analysis, The Taihu Lake, The Hongze Lake

College of Fisheries, Nanjing Agriculture University, Wuxi, 214081) Abstract Icefish Protosalanx hyalocranius is an important commercial fish in freshwater lakes of China.

1556 地理科学进展 30 卷他关于农村住房结构与抗震性能的研究, 则多是从工程抗灾的角度, 研究某种构造类型的房屋, 力图找到传统房屋的结构失误和新建房屋中存在的问 [

1556 地理科学进展 30 卷他关于农村住房结构与抗震性能的研究, 则多是从工程抗灾的角度, 研究某种构造类型的房屋, 力图找到传统房屋的结构失误和新建房屋中存在的问 [ 第 30 卷第 12 期 2011 年 12 月地理科学进展 PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY Vol.30, No.12 Dec., 2012 中国农村地区住房结构的区域差异及其影响因素 1, 2, 李方一 3 1,, 高晓路 2 2, 王英杰 (1. 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重

Microsoft Word - 杨 健.doc

Microsoft Word - 杨健.doc