28 1 2010 1 Tribune o f Po litica l Science a nd Law Vol. 28, No. 1 Jan. 2010 3 :,,,,, ;,,,, : ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (, ),,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, :,,, 3 ( : 08AJY037) 2009 9 18-19 :
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1 : 5 12,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, 3 : ; ;,,,,,,?,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2007 6, 25-27,,,, :, 2005 1,,, 57, :, 2008 1
6 2010,,,,,,,?,,,, [ 3 ],,, ( ),,, 2004 6 1986 ( ) 1999, 1994 2004 6,,,,,,,,,,,,, 21,,,,,,, :, 2008 1 Einer Elhauge, W hy Above - Cost Price Cuts To D rive Out Entrants A re Not Predatory and the Imp lications for Defining Costs and Market Power, THE YALE LAW JOURNAL, 2003, Vol. 112, No. 4. Einer Elhauge,?, Landes and Posner, ;, 90%, 60-64%, 33% Einer Elhauge, Defining Better Monopolization Standards, STANFORD LAW REV IEW, 2003, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp253-344.,,,,,,,, :, 2005 1 ;,,,,,,, :, 2004 2 ;,,,,,,,,,, :, 2005 2
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1 : 9,,,,,,, 2003,, 21, 2004 ( ),,,,,,,,,, 2007 5 3000 10 16 6124,, 2008 12 1800, 70%,,,, 500, 2008 4,,,,?,???,?, 1929 1932, Glass - Steagall Act ( ),, 1999 Gramm - Leach - B liley Act of 1999 ( ),, 66, 2007 2008,,,,,,,, ;,,,, :, 2008 1,,, :, 2008 7,,,,, ;,,, ;,, 1999 : 66, 2005 5
10 2010,,,,, ( ),,, (market failure),, ;,, ;, ;,,, ( OECD ) (Cost - benefit analysis),, (R ichard H. Pildes) (Cass Sunstein) (Matthew Adlert) ( Eric A. Posner),,,,,,,,,,,,,, (Cost - effectiveness analysis),,,,,, U len, Thomas S,,, U len, Thomas S, A No2 bel Prize in Legal Science: Theory, Emp irical Work, and the Scientific Method in the Study of Law, University of Illinois Law Review, VOL. 2002, No. 4, pp875-896. 1981 Executive O rder 12291: Task Force on Regulatory Relief,, ; 1993 Executive O rder 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review,, Federal Register, Vol. 58, No. 190, October 4, 1993; 12866, 2007 Executive O rder 13422: Further Amendment to Executive O rder 12866 on Regulatory Planning and Review, Federal Register, Presidential Documents, Vol. 72, No. 14, January 23, 2007; 2009 1 20 13422, : Regulatory Review, Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies,,, (OMB), Federal Register, Presidential Documents, The President, Memorandum of January 30, 2009, Vol. 74, No. 21, February 3, 200,,, 2005, 2006, 2009 1 Impact A ssessment Guidelines, European Comm ission, SEC ( 2009) 92 ( OECD ),, OECD, OECD1997 Regulatory Impact Analysis, Best Practice in OECD Countries, Paris, 1997; OECD 2008 Building an Institutional Framework for Regulatory Im2 pact Analysis (R IA) : Guidance for PolicyMakers Version 1. 1, Paris, 2008. R ichard H. Pildes and Cass R. Sunstein, Reinventing The Regulatory State, University of Chicago Law Review, 1995, Vol. 62, No1, pp. 3-107; Adlert, Matthew D. and Posner Eric A., Rethinking Cost - Benefit Analysis, THE YALE LAW JOURNAL, 1999, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 167-193.
1 : 11, (W illing to Pay), (Accep ted to Pay),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( Frank),,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Sunstein, Cass R, L ives, L ife - Years, and W illingness to Pay, COLUMB IA LAW REV IEW, 2004, Vol. 104, No. 1, pp. 205-252. Frank, Robert H. and Sunstein, Cass R ( ), ( ) ( ) ( ), Frank, Robert H. and Sunstein, Cass R, Cost - Benefit Analysis and Relative Position, THE UN IVERSITY OF CH ICAGO LAW REV IEW, 2001, Vol. 68, No. 2, pp. 323 374.
12 2010,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, (,, 1),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Sunstein Cass R., and A rden Rowell, On D iscounting Regulatory Benefits: R isk, Money, and Intergenerational Equity, THE UN IVER2 SITY OF CH ICAGO LAW REV IEW, 2007, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 171-208. Sunstein, Cass R 104,,,,,, -, ( ),, Sunstein, Cass R, Congress, Constitutional Mo2 ments, and the Cost - benefit State, STANFORD LAW REV IEW, 1996, Vol. 48, No. 2, pp. 247-310.
1 : 13,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Posner, Eric A,,,,,, Posner, Eric A, Controlling Agencies with Cost - Benefit Analysis: A Positive Political Theory Perspective, THE UN IVERSITY OF CH ICAGO LAW REV IEW, 2001, Vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 1137-1199. Posner, Eric A., 2002, U sing Net Benefit Accounts to D iscip line Agencies: A Thought Experiment, UN IVERSITY OF PENNSYLVA2 N IA LAW REV IEW, 2002, Vol. 150, No. 5, pp. 1473-1488. Hahn, RobertW., and Sunstein, Cass R, O IRA,, Hahn, RobertW., and Sun2 stein, Cass R, A New Executive O rder for Imp roving Federal Regulation? Deeper and W ider Cost Benefit Analysis, UN IVERSITY OF PENNSYL2 VAN IA LAW REV IEW, 2002, Vol. 150, No. 5, pp. 1489-1552.
14 2010 1,,, ;,,,,,,,,,, :, 2008 1
1 : 15,,,,,,, ( ),, 17,,, 2005,,,,,,,,, 2008 18 ; 22,,,,, 2006 6,,, 2005 6, 1979, ; 2005 9, 1988, ( ) 2005,, 20,,, 24,,, 19 :, 2008, Coffee, JR, John C, Law and the Market: The Impact of Enforcement, UN IVERSITY OF PENNSYLVAN IA LAW REV IEW, 2007, Vol. 156, No. 2, pp. 247-283., 2004 10 18 :,, 22 :,, 2008 14, 2005 189 ;, 2006 58
16 2010,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2007 130
1 : 17,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;, ;,, ( ),,,, :, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 2003 1 M ichael H issam, The Impact of Executive O rder 13422 on Presidential Oversight of Agency Adm inistration, THE GEORGE WASH ING2 TON LAW REV IEW, 2008, Vol. 76 No. 5. RobertW. Hahn, Robert E. L itan, RobertW. Hahn, Robert E. L itan, Counting Regulatory Costs and Benefits: Lessons for the U. S. and Europe, JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOM ICS LAW, 2005, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp473-508. OECD, Regulatory Impact Analysis: Best Practices in OECD Countries, OECD, Paris, 1997; Building an Institutional Framework for Regulatory Impact Analysis (R IA) : Guidance for PolicyMakers, OECD, Paris, 2008.
18 2010,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, : [ 1 ] :, 2004 4 [ 2 ] :, 2004 13 [ 3 ], 2009 3 26 10 [ 4 ] :, 2005 3 [ 5 ] :, 2006 6 [ 6 ] : 2005 4 24, 2005 7 [ 7 ] :, 2005 22 [ 8 ] :, 2004 22 ( ) Matthew C. Stephenson, Legislative A llocation of Delegated Power: Uncertainty, R isk, and The Choice Between Agencies and Courts, HARVARD LAW REV IEW, 2006, Vol. 119, No. 4, pp. 1036-1070., : :, 2007 4