2005 12 3 ( 100101 ;) ( 100101) :,,,,,,,, : 20,, 20 90,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 Urban China Research Network (UCRN) in Albany, New York,,Scott Rozelle,,,, 45
:,; ;, ( ) 25,, 80 90, 90,,,,,,, ( ), ( ), 2003 4015 %,,9000 9500 6,2000 2500,, ( ),,, ;,,,,,,,,,, ( ) 2000 5 6 8500, 1987 2001, 3395,3400, 20 % 30 %, 4000 5000 1990,,, 1500,,, 1500, 46
2005 12 20 90,,,,, 300 1,300,,, 1994 1994,,,,,, 30 %,,,,, ( ),, ( ) 2004,,2002, 30 2004,,,,,,,, ( ), ;,, ;,,; 30,, ;,,,,,, :,,,,,,5000 8000 ; 2 3,, 3 5 47
: ( ) :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 1982 2000, 3814 % 45 %,1982 5 %, 1990 15 %, 2000 27 %(,2003) 2001 6 60 1199,2000 () (6 ), 348 6 2512, 8 (6211 %,6312 % ), 14 % 1000,2816, 911, (8712 %), (4216 %),, ( ),,3445 1581 De Brauw et al (2002),,1981 18 % 19 %,1990 2015 % 3316 %, 2000,16 20 7518 %, 1990 (2317 %) 21 25 26 30 1990,30 17, 3716 %, 16 20 48
2005 12 29 %(459 ),816,264, 819,, 22 % (348 ) ( 6 ),1013 Π, (209 ),1014 ( 1) 6 60,,, 2000 7684 4419, 6 5825 3499,,,,,, 1 % % Π 1581 100 1122 2312 18778 71 817 459 915 7684 29 816 : 264 515 4419 17 819 3 1418 1007 2019 16855 64 915 411 815 6880 26 914 : 241 510 4034 15 915 6 1173 825 17108 13807 52 1016 348 712 5825 22 1013 : 209 413 3499 13 1014 ( ) 1199 ( ) 4829 : a ( ) 3445 ( %) 7113 : ( ) 1581 ( %) 4519 2000 () 80837 :15 64 ( %) 6712 () 54290 :2001 :a. 15 64 49
: ( ),,, GDP GDP (8514 %) (5019 %), (3414 %) (,2004), OECD(2002), GDP, 2175,GDP 1Π3 ( ), 115,,,,,,,,, ( ),, ( ),,,,,, 1) 2 3,6 12, 1000 2),,, 3),,() ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,, ( ) 50
2005 12,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, (Do and Iyer, 2003),,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, (),,, (),,, 51
:,,,,, 9,,, (),,10,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,, 1000,,() (6 ),2000 1000 788,800 1000 636,600 800 1088 2000, 1000 Π 800,400,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 52
2005 12 2 3 1000 Π,1000 Π 2006, 2014 ( 9 ),,,2000 2002 812 916 1310 (, 2003),2001 2002 17 % 36 %, 2006 15,10 %;,1200 (, ),30 5 % 2006 119, 5 % ; 3, 8 %,2006 1011,2010 2014 1516 2318, 10 200, 40 %, 2006 808,2010 2014 1246 1904 ( 2), 300 (),100 ; 400 2000, 1000 57 %2006 2008 57 %,,2009 2011 55 %,2011 50 %, 400,2006 2008 2009 2011 2011 2014 228 222 200,2006 2008 2009 2011 2011 2014, 928 922 900, 2014 8244 ( 2),, 100 400,2006 2008 328,2009 2011 320, 10 8 %,,, 10 %,2002 13,,, 2006 15 300,, 200 1 (, 2004), ( ),,,,, 40 %,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,( 600 Π),, 53
: 2012 2014 300 2006 1000, 100, 2006 2,2006 33,2010 227,9,2014 512, 10 %, 2 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 ( ) () 928 1856 2784 3704 4624 5544 6444 7344 8244 : () 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 () 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 () 228 228 228 220 220 220 200 200 200 () 2020 2253 2511 2797 3114 3465 3853 4283 4759 () 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 (Π ) 10. 1 11. 3 12. 6 14. 0 15. 6 17. 3 19. 3 21. 4 23. 8 (Π ) 15. 0 16. 5 18. 2 20. 0 22. 0 24. 2 26. 6 29. 2 32. 2 (Π ) 1. 9 2. 0 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 2. 4 2. 5 2. 7 2. 8 (Π ) 3. 0 3. 2 3. 5 3. 8 4. 1 4. 4 4. 8 5. 1 5. 6 () 808 901 1004 1119 1246 1386 1541 1713 1904 ( %) 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 () 11 24 40 58 78 100 124 150 178 ( %) 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 ( ) 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 ( ) 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 () 33 72 118 170 227 292 359 432 512 ( %) 57 57 57 55 55 55 50 50 50 () 328 656 984 1304 1624 1944 2244 2544 2844 ( Π ) 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 () 111 223 404 538 799 958 1307 1489 1939 ( Π ) 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 ( Π,, ) 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 ( ) 155 319 562 765 1104 1349 1790 2072 2629 () 653 582 442 354 142 37-248 - 358-725 () 653 1235 1677 2030 2172 2209 1960 1602 876 54
2005 12 2006 100, 10, 2006 11, 2011 100 2014 178,,, 10, 10,, 2006 1200 1, 1,2006 2352,2006 111,, 2014 1939 ( 2),,,,,,,,, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 40 %, 716,1 2,6 8 1000,,, 100 Π,,,,,,,,,,,2014,,, 1000,500, 500,, 600,,, 55
:,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2004 :, :,,2001 2003 :,,2003 :,4 De Brauw Alan, Rozelle, Scott, Linxiu Zhang, Jikun Huang, and Yigang Zhang,2002, The Evolution of China s Rural Labor Markets during the Reforms : Rapid,Accelerating, Transforming, Journal of Comparative Economics,Vol. 30, No. 2, 329 353, June. 3120. Do Quy2Toan and Iyer Lakshmi (2003) Evidence from Viet NamThe World Bank in its Series Policy Research Working Paper Series number OECD, 2002, China in the World Economy : the Domestic Policy Challenges. Urbanization, Rural Land System and Migrant s Social Security Tao Ran (Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Institute for Chinese Studies, University of Oxford) Xu Zhigang (Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences) Abstract :Temporary migration due to lack of social security for migrants, rural land tenure insecurity due to frequent land reallocation and abusive land requisition due to lack of functioning land markets are all major policy challenges that China is facing in its economic transition. Most researches so far have neglected the close interrelationships between these issues and failed to analyze them in an integrated framework. The paper aims to establish such a framework and a policy package is proposed to systematically address these issues. Key Words :Urbanization ; Rural Land System ; Social Security JEL Classification :O150, P250, Q150 ( : ) (: ) 56