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1 小風英文教室小風編輯

2 版權聲明本投影片唯能用在非營利教學用途之上本投影片歡迎轉載, 但不得修改後轉載轉載請註明出處有任何錯誤, 建議, 請聯絡作者小風英文教室 by Scott Deeann Chen is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. 作者信箱 :awea.ther.star.craft ( 小老鼠 ) gmail ( 點 ) com Facebook:

3 連接詞

4 連接詞連接詞分成兩種 : 對等連接詞 : 連接兩個子句或片語, 但兩者一樣重要從屬連接詞 : 從屬子句補充說明主要子句由從屬連接詞連接之子句為副詞子句對等連接兩個以上意思相關文法結構相同者 Bananas are yellow, and apples are red. John and I are students. 從屬連接詞連接一副詞子句與其所修飾的主要子句 Since I was sick, I didn t go to class.

5 對等連接詞的語法對等連接詞必須置於子句或相同的文法結構之間 I have two brothers, and both of them are tall. 對等連接詞所接之子句必為第二個子句, 但從屬連接詞通常無此限制 (O)Bananas are yellow, and apples are red. (X)And apples are red, bananas are yellow. (O)While I was sleeping, somebody knocked on the door. (O)Somebody knocked on the door while I was sleeping.

6 對等連接詞對等連接詞 :and, or and 與 or 最全能, 可以連接 : 兩個同等重要的子句各式片語多個從屬子句三個以上的事物 but 不能連接三個以上的事物類對等連接詞 :yet, so, nor, for yet, so, nor 不能連接從屬子句三個以上的事物極少數情況連接片語 for 不能連接從屬子句三個以上的事物各式片語有許多種對等連接詞劃分的界線, 在此採用其中一種

7 AND, OR, BUT 連接子句 and, or, but 可以連接 : 同等重要的子句 : Bananas are yellow, and apples are red. You can dine out, or you can cook for yourself. I like apples, but she doesn t. 名詞關係分詞不定詞子句 : I don t care who you are or where you re from. The man who is sitting there and whose hair is black is Tom. I enjoy playing computer games and watching TV. The car broken and towed away was mine. I asked him to come or to give me a call.

8 AND, OR, BUT 連接片語 and, or, but 可以連接 : 動詞片語 ( 主詞一定相同, 而若助動詞相同, 可省略 ) They are singing and dancing. 動詞片語與其受詞或補語名詞片語 We ate a lot of food and drank a lot of coke. I like apples and oranges. I bought three monitors, two keyboards, and two mice.

9 AND, OR, BUT 連接片語 and, or, but 可以連接 : 形容詞副詞 The tall and fat guy is my brother. She accepted the deal promptly and happily. 介係詞片語 He spoke for employees but against employers. 由於使用對等連接詞的時機與可能性過多, 在此僅列出部分以供參考

10 A, AND B 的意思 A 為導致 B 的理由 I slept too late, and I missed the class. A 與 B 有時序上的先後關係 I took a bath and went to bed. A 與 B 形成對比 ( 亦可使用 but) He is rich, and I am poor. B 與從 A 推理而來的結果相反, 而令人意外 ( 亦可使用 but) She worked hard and didn t succeed. A 為 B 之先決條件 Help me, and I will help you, too.

11 A, AND B 的意思 A 與 B 之論點相似 Fruit is good for health, and vegetables are good for health, too. B 補充或是解釋 A He is wearing a jacket and sitting outside. They don t like the food she prepared and that is not surprising.

12 A, OR B 的意思邏輯上表示 A 與 B 至少有一個一定是對的, 但語意上時常表示 A 與 B 只有一個是對的 You can cook for yourself, or you can dine out. You can stay here, or you can leave. B 可為 A 之修正 They liked the food she prepared, or at least they said they liked it. 表示 A 不發生的話 B 就會發生 Study hard, or you will fail the course.

13 A, NOR B 的意思 A, nor B 表示兩者皆不發生 I didn t go to school, nor did Tom. nor 接子句時, 其後子句需要將助動詞提前, 與問句類似 (O)I didn t go to school, nor did Tom go. (X)I didn t go to school, nor Tom went.

14 成對之對等連接詞我們可以使用成對之對等連接詞, 使其連接之概念更加明確 both A and B either A or B neither A nor B not only A but (also) B both A and B 強調 A 與 B 兩者同時發生, 而非對比因果關係等其他解釋 Both Tom and Mary are smart. either A or B 強調 A 與 B 只有其一發生 Either the exam is too easy or all students are too smart.

15 BOTH A AND B neither A nor B 表示 A 與 B 兩者都不發生 The food is neither salty nor sweet. not only A but B 表示 : 不只 A 還 B He is not only tall but heavy. 注意 : 以上句型皆不可連接三個以上的事物以上句型不可穿插於片語之間 (X)He is very not only tall but heavy. (O)He is not only very tall but very heavy.

16 使用 AND 連接名詞片語 A and B 結合時有下列解釋 : A 與 B 兩者一起 A and B played badminton with C and D. A 與 B 兩者相互 A and B played badminton. A 與 B 分別 ( 通常有特別字彙或句法標記 ) A and B played badminton with C and D, respectively. A 與 B 兩者視為一體 ( 動詞為單數型 ) Fish and chips is my favorite food.

17 使用 AND 連接名詞片語 A and B played badminton with C and D. A B C D A B C D A and B played badminton with C and D, respectively. A B C D

18 使用 AND 連接名詞片語 A and B played badminton. A B A B?? A and B played badminton with each other. A B A and B played badminton with their respective opponents. A B??

19 表示分別的意思的字以下單字或是句型表示分別的意思 both A and B neither A nor B respectively ( 正式 ) each respective ( 正式 ) apiece ( 少見 )

20 對等連接詞的標點符號使用對等連接詞連接的子句之間須使用逗號 Bananas are yellow, and apples are red. 句子較短時, 逗號可省略 Bananas are yellow and apples are red. 非正式時, 有時會分成兩句寫, 但正式文件宜避免使用 Bananas are yellow. And apples are red. 連接三者以上時, 僅最後一個單位需要連接詞, 並必須使用逗號隔開注意 : 僅 and 與 or 可如此使用 Bananas, apples, and oranges are my favorite fruit.

21 SO, FOR, YET so, for, yet 常用以連接兩個子句, 不用以連接片語 A, so B 表示 A 導致 B I was sick, so I didn t go to school. A, yet B 表示 B 為從 A 難以推測, 令人驚訝的結果 I studied a lot, yet I failed the course. A, for B 表示 B 為 A 之理由 John is afraid of snakes, for he was bitten by one before.

22 參考資料 Betty Schrampfer Azar, Understanding and using English rammar, Third Edition, 2006, Longman Sidney Greenbaum, The Oxford English Grammar, First Edition, 1996, Oxford University Press Randolph Quirk et al., A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, 1985, Longman Group Limited

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PowerPoint Presentation 小風英文教室小風編輯版權聲明本投影片唯能用在非營利教學用途之上本投影片歡迎轉載, 但不得修改後轉載轉載請註明出處有任何錯誤, 建議, 請聯絡作者小風英文教室 by Scott Deeann Chen is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.