Microsoft PowerPoint - LIZheng_CMI9_ ppt

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1 CMI Eighth Annual Meeting Fossil Energy in China Prof. Li Zheng,Director Tsinghua BP Clean Energy Research and Education Center February 11, 2009, Princeton University

2 Outline Fossil energy flow in China Fossil energy technologies in China Power generation Alternative fuel activities Energy dilemma and policies

3 中国化石能源消费 Fossil fuel consumption in Hydro 0.49 Nuclear Wind 0.07 Biomass Coal NG Crude Oil Prod Import 0.2 Storage -0.1 Prod Impt Export 0.52 Export 0.04 Production 0.65 Crude oil export Conspt Coal washing and briquettes 0.14 Pipe loss 0.01 Conspt Crude oil storage For coke 2.85 For power 0.04 For heat 0.03 Crude oil for power and heat Diesel for power 0.05 for power 6.84 for heat 0.94 Total oil for power 0.23 Total oil for heat 0.05 End use NG 0.53 End use Coal 4.73 End use crude oil 0.13 Fuel oil for power 0.16 for heat 0.02 Others oil product for power 0.04 Fuel oil import 0.34 Fuel oil prod Loss 4.9 Power 3.06 heat 0.78 Coke 2.35 gas 0.5 Coke export 0.12 End use crude oil 0.25 Diesel Gasoline 0.8 Kerosene 0.15 Refinery Gas 0.14 Others 0.82 LPG produced 0.25 Refining loss 0.13 LPG import 0.1 Line loss 0.21 Heat loss 0.01 End use 2.85 End use 0.77 End-use 2.23 Other sectors 14.5 Diesel for other sectors 0.36 Refinery & Others used in Chemistry 0.96 LPG for other sector 0.34 Boat fuel oil 0.16 Transportation 2.3 Unit: 100 million tce Data source: Statistics Yearbook of China Energy 2006 Note: 2005: 2.224btce, 2006: 2.46btce, 2007: 2.65btce 2008:~180Mtce increase (estimated)

4 Coal flow in

5 History of power generation capacity GW 总装机容量 Total Capacity 火电装机容量 Coal-based Capacity

6 Scale distribution of newly installed capacity in 2007 Unit Capacity (MW) Cumulated 4000MW & Average 1000MW Cumulated 51850MW & Average 603MW Cumulated 20590MW & Average 307MW More than 150 SC and USC units larger than 600 MW are established or ordered. Typical steam parameters are: SC: 24.2/566/566, 600MW USC: 26.25/600/600, 1GW Cumulated 1400MW & Average 200MW Cumulated 3410MW & Average 136MW Cumulated 248MW & Average 27.6MW New Installed Capacity of Coal Power Plant in 2007 (MW)

7 Efficiency improvement in China s Power Sector Thermal Power Mix as of end 2007 Energy efficiency of different size of coal power unit in China in MW 30% MW 9% MW 10% 1000MW 2% MW 17% MW 32% Unit Size (MW) Coal consumption of power supply (gce/kwh) gce/kW h@ Coal Consumption of Power Supply ( gce/kwh) Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBSC), National Development and Reform Comission (NDRC), Asian Development Bank (ADB).

8 Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) Combustion China started CFB R&D since early 1980 s Application of CFBC covers the steam generation range of 75t/h, 130 t/h, 220t/h, 410t/h with no reheat ~200 reheat CFB units of 410~450t/h high pressure or 440~480t/h super high pressure are in operation in China Currently, large utility CFB boilers are applied in Chinese power industry. For the time being, the largest capacity is 300 MW. 600MW supercritical CFB is under development

9 Design of 600 MW supercritical CFB boiler Steam parameters: /571/571, η=43.18% /604/604, η=43.66%

10 Efficiency potential of coal steam power plants

11 Entrained flow coal gasification in China Shell Texaco GSP OMB CWS HT-L 航天炉 Two stage dry feed Two stage oxygen feed

12 Opposite Multiple Burner Gasification technology has been widely disseminated

13 Two-stage oxygen feed gasifier developed in Tsinghua University

14 GreenGen: 250 MW IGCC demonstration in Tianjin

15 Direct CTL plant: 1Mt/a for the first train of first phase 规划规模 :500: 万吨油品 / 年 ( 分二期建设 ) 示范规模 :100: 万吨油品 / 年 ( 一期工程第一条生产线 ) 建设地点 : 内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市

16 神华百万吨煤直接液化项目进展 Progress of DCTL Project 自 2008 年 12 月 30 日 14 时 46 分投煤试车起, 至 2009 年 1 月 6 日 14 时 46 分, 神华煤直接液化百万吨级示范工程打通全流程, 产出合格产品, 已连续稳定运行 168 小时 Successful start on December 30 th, 2008 Continuous operation for ~300 hrs Controlled shut down for study and optimization A 100,000 tons EOR CCS demonstration has put on agenda A 1 Mt aquifer CCS project is under discussion

Shanxi Lu an was reported in the end of 2008

17 Indirect coal liquefaction 700t/a pilot FT synthesis plant Successful test operation in Shanxi Lu an was reported in the end of kt CTL plant under construction in Inner-Mongolia.

18 Thinking on the scale of alternative coal-derived fuel (AF) Essentially, this is a problem to compromise the benefit of energy security and financial & environmental cost for the development of alternative fuels.

19 China s first post-combustion CO 2 capture demonstration The demonstration project is located in Beijing Thermal Power Plant of CHNG. The project has been into operation since July, 2008 with a capacity 3000t/a CO2 capture. The product CO2 is refined to a purity of % and meets the requirement for food making.

20 CO2 injection test in oil field for the purpose of EOR

21 Carbon sequestration pilot p test by PetroChina 4.Pilot test program of block Hei79, Hei59, Hong87-2, Qian an were formulated. Pilot test program of miscible flooding in Hei79 and Hei59 Immiscible flooding pilot test program in Hong 87-2 Pilot test program in Qian an Hong87-2 Distribution of CO 2 resources and test regions in Jilin Oil Field Xin228 test egion Hei79 Hei59 Hei124 Hei49 Changshen 6 Changshen 2 Changshen 1 Qian 18-22

22 Launch of China-US CCS Regulatory Guideline

23 中国能源的困局 : 降低能源需求与能源安全及二氧化碳减排 China Energy dilemma: competitiveness, security & GHG emission Energy Carbon 1=15% non-fossil fuel in total mix 2=30% non-fossil fuel in total mix 3=2+30% power with CCS 替代石油进口引起化石能源消耗和二氧化碳排放增加 OID decrease causes higher fossil fuel use and carbon emission 2. 发展非化石能源有助于减少化石能源使用并减少二氧化碳排放 More Non-fossil fuel use could decrease fossil fuel use and carbon emission 3. 碳埋存有助于减少二氧化碳, 但会消耗更多的化石燃料 CCS can further decrease carbon emission but cause more fossil fuel use

24 Low carbon economy is the direction 低碳经济是发展方向 President Hu proposed five measures on climate change issue on 27 June 胡主席等领导人重视日益增长的 CO 2 排放问题, 提出了五项举措 To develop the recycling economy and low carbon economy, and insist on the basic national policy of resource conservation and environmental protection 发展循环经济低碳经济, 坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策 To enhance the ability to address climate change issue, and continue constructing ecological protection projects 增强适应气候变化能力, 继续开展生态保护重点工程建设 To strengthen the foundation research, technological development and international science & technology cooperation for addressing climate change issues 发挥科技进步和创新的作用, 加强应对气候变化的基础研究技术研发和国际科技合作 To improve the mechanisms for addressing to climate change, improve laws and regulations, and enhance the capabilities of early warning, disaster reduction 健全应对气候变化的体制机制, 完善法律法规, 提高预警能力抵御能力减灾能力 To enhance the consciousness and ability of entire society to address climate change issue 提高全社会参与的意识和能力, 营造全民应对气候变化的良好环境 Clean and low carbon energy technologies are critical for the realization of low carbon economy

26 Low carbon power 低碳电力

27 国内外典型办公建筑能耗清华学堂 4650m 2,34kWh/m 2. a 清华美术学院北京政府办公楼 A 6.4 万 m 2,65.7kWh/m 2. a 1.6 万 m 2,70.1kWh/m 2. a 北京政府办公楼 B 3.7 万 m 2,113kWh/m 2. a 上海某大厦 28.7 万 m 2,215kWh/m 2. a 美国 UPENN 办公楼 A 6425m 2,364kWh/m 2. a 美国 UPENN 办公楼 B 3 万 m 2,356kWh/m 2. a 法国里昂政府办公楼 1.7 万 m 2,165kWh/m 2. a

28 : 需要合适的总体定位, 不能盲目追求西方模式 Energy consumption level positioning: should not following western countries Specific energy consumption 发达国家比Developed country Right position level 能for China 源消耗能源消费水平我国比能耗现状 China 来源 : 借鉴清华大学江亿院士报告能源服务 energy service

29 Special importance of energy conservation for China --current decisions and activities will result in pathway locking When GDP per capita is $10000, energy consumption per capita of each country will be more than 4 tce. The energy consumption per capita in China is 1.71 tce In 2005, lower than the world average level 2.42 tce per capita (2004), and even lower than that of the OCED countries. The energy consumption per capita of rural residents in China is less than 29% of the urban. Note: 117GJ=4 tce

30 Thank you for your attention! Contact address Prof. Li Zheng Director Tsinghua BP Clean Energy Research and Education Center Tsinghua University, Beijing , P.R. China

Microsoft PowerPoint - WatanabeTokyoGas.ppt

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