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1 JOURNAL OF HOUSING STUDIES, VOLUME 11 NO. 2, AUG RESEARCH pp The Tectonic Composition and Meaning of the Bununs' Traditional Houses * Hwa-San Kwan ( ) ishian ABSTRACT The thesis investigates the traditional houses of the Bunun, mainly on their tectonic composition, function and embedded socio-cultural symbolic meanings. The methods of literature reviewing, multiple cases comparison and meaning interpretation are employed. The cases under scrutiny include 11 cases with rough plans recorded by Sayama Ayoushi in 1910s, and 16 cases with photos and in-scale drawings surveyed by S. Chichiwa in 1930s. The findings are the followings: 1. The Bununs are generally divided into five branch groups by kinship division. Somehow, all of them have their houses keeping a same pattern of spatial arrangement. 2. The major difference among houses is their material utilized for construction. Those located in central Taiwan are made of black slate stone and wood, while those located in Eastern and Southern Taiwan. Except of wooden post and lintel, thatched or bark roof and bamboo wall are common. 3. The structure systems of those slate-stone cases are flexible. Some have stone baring wall, and some utilize only post and lintel system. 4. From a variety of customs and rituals, it is shown that the Bununs take their houses as an cultural womb which conceive and nurse their clans and lineages. The millet granary implies a metaphor of semen storage. On the other hand, their houses estate is also endowed with a meaning of clan or lineage's body with its strong ishian and hanido. Keywords: The Bunun; Traditional House; Meaning Interpretation; Tectonics. ( ) * Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.

2 122 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 1935) ( 1997) ( ) ( ) / (fact) (dwelling) (Cooper Marcus 1995, Waterson 1991, Guidoni 1987, Rapoport 1969) ( )

3 123 - ( ) ( 1919: 1) ( 1966: 9) ( 1972: 8, 51) ( ) ( ) (1966: 178) (1992) ( ) ( ) ( 11.5

4 ( 1966: 86) (1938: 25-27) 24 ( ) (1992: 150, 154) ( ) (1960: 1) ( ) % ( ) ( ) (1992:23 24) ( 1972:12) ( ) (1938: 13) (1938: 25-27) (24) (1992: 156) (1992:154)

5 ( ) (1960: 1) ( ) ( ) (1897a 1897b ) (1919) (1938) ( 1) Iwatan ( )Abala ( ) 15 ( 5 ) ( ) ( 2) ( 3) ( )Matakan ( 1919) ( ) (

6 126

7 127 ( ) ( Katogulan Pajan Tanapima 9 10 ( ) ( ) ( ) Katogulan lus?anan ( takah ) ( ) ( ( ) ( ) ( ) 1960 ( ~ ) 2 (1938) 16 8 Kanetowan Katoguran Mashoaru Ebako Naihonroku Dairon ( ) Bakulasu Atsanlaiga Asanlaiga Takewatan Katogulan Lanlun 1 1 0( ) Lanlun Asanlaigalu Mashitalun Tompo (1919) (1897) ( ) Katogulan Pajan Tanapima Ibi Tanapima Abala

8 128 ( ) ( )

9 129 a. b.abala ( ) (1996: ) Lanlun ( ) hilabu ( ) shyepalan ( ) himalun ( ) hao ( ) banin ( ) bukulawan ( ) himalun ( ) haitto ( ) shinpalishilau ( ) sinchyai ( ) sapalan ( ) bokulau ( ) shinbalon (1919) ( ) 1

10 130 Tompo ( ) itsulapu ( ) shyappalan ( ) pachilasan ( ) laishyahainata ( ) laishyaha ( ) pachisayan ( ) lomun Mashitalun ( ) hilabu ( ) kauneyahabo ( ) batelasan ( ) shyappalan ( ) laishya ( ) hotton Atsanlaiga ( ) shilan shinehyai ( ) bannen kokuuno ( ) kaetto lumaku ( ) shyapalan bokuloshi ( ) laishyuku tonkulu ( ) shinbalon ( ) laishyuku ( ) kottonlollo (1919) ( ) 2

11 131 Asanlaiga ( ) hela hela ( ) sapalan chyapon ( ) shinchyai tonkulu ( ) donto ( ) banin ( ) laichi(t) ( ) hottun Asanlaigalu ( ) sosoko lagyanmashyaban ( ) shyappalan ( ) kotton ( ) kapo(t) ( ) bannin ( ) bokulawan ( ) kaitto ( ) tutulan Katogulan ( ) hilabu tonkolu ( ) shyapalan soko ( ) tabenunto ( ) tankakaiton ( ) bokulusu ( ) laiseku ( ) bannen ( ) katolan ( ) laiseku (1919) ( ) 3

12 132 (1919) ( ) 4 Asanlaigalu ( ) hilabu tonkulu ( ) sanpalan ( ) ( ) banen ( ) laishya ( ) sakaban Bakulasu ( ) hitsulao tonkulu ( ) kabob ( ) shyapalan ( ) bokulaban ( ) kaetto ( ) tamudamukko ( ) laishyaeku ( ) sabon ( ) laolottsu Lanlun ( ) hilabu hilabusuku ( ) shyepalan laishyukra ( ) himalun lumakute ( ) kao ( ) banin ( ) bukulawan ( ) himalun ( ) kaitto

13 133 a. d. b. c. e. Bagulasu Tariro Matorayan (1960: ; 1938:14-16)

14 134 f. g. Bagulasu Tariro Matorayan ( ) h. Bagulasu Tariro Matorayan ( )

15 135 a. b. c. d. Kanetowan Kaisuru Manrawan (1960: 108; 1938: 19)

16 136 a. b. c. Tamaho Takesitaran Rahoase ( ) Tamaho Takesitaran (1960: )

17 137 a. ( ) b. c. d. Ebako Takesibinkinowan Tahai (1938: 40)

18 138

19 139

20 140

21 141 ( ) 11 ( ) bubukun Lanlun ( ) ( 1938: 48-49) patzilasan ( ) lanhat ( lumah ( ) ( ) ( 4) Abala Katogulan m m m 2 ( 1994) / (1)

22 142 (2) (3) ( ) 1/3 ( ) No1 No8 Chiushinron 2. No7 ( Masoaru ) 3. No9 ( Raboran ) 4. No10 ( Tamaho ) 5. No ( ) (1919: 190) Kanetowan

23 ( 2000) cm 45cm ( ) ( ) 16 (8 ) (6 ) (2000) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 2000: 4-12) ( 3000 )

24 144 ( 2000: 4-12) (2002: 27-28) : ( ) ( )

25 145 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 1972: 20) ( 1966: 173) ( ) ( ) (1993:516) ( ) ( 1972:25) ( ) ( ) ( 5) ( ) ( )

26 146 ( lashyul laiseku) (bokur'aban raiseku) (1919) ( 1966) ( 1919) ( ) ( ) ( ) lanlisun ( ) ( ) (2000: 152)

27 147 Bunun ( ) ( ) ( ) matokatsu ( ) ( ) 16 2 ( ) Labho ( ) Tamalowan ( ) boanmintoshyutosh palumakaban makkau Kapon

28 148 ( ) dadavin ( ) dehanin ( ) ( ) 6 ( ) (1919: 286) ( ) Katogulan ( ) (2000; 152) tokutokutai (pashintanmolulushian) ( ) ( ) 50 : (kait-labutan) ( ) (S.os.oms.um) (mas.oms.om) mas.oms.om mas.oms.om ( ) ( ) (hulan)

29 149 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 6) ( ) ( 7) ( 8) ( ) ( ) ( ) (1999

30 ) ( ) ( ) ( 9) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( 1919) ( 10) ( ) ( 11) 11 7 (1993) logbo hanido

31 151 ( ) hanido ishian ( ) hanido ishian ( ) ishian ishian hanido ishian hanido ishian hanido ishian ( 12) hanido ishian ishian hanido hanido ( hanido) hanido vs. ishian vs. ( ) hanido hanido ( 13) ishian hanido hanido ( ) hanido hanido ( ) ishian ( ) ishian hanido ishian hanido ishian hanido

32 152 ( ) ishian hanido ishian hanido ishian hanido ishian hanido Bunun (1992) / / / / / hanido ishian ishian hanido( )

33 153 1 ( ) 2 Lyack (koshkosh) ( ) ( ) 1.5 (ibid 216) (1993:516) (1960:102) 6 emo-no-pesia ( ) 10 ( ) 11 (2003) p hanido ishian (1919) ishian ( ) ishian ishian hanido ishian

34 154 ( 107) hanido ( 128) ishian ishian ake hanido ( 150) ishian hanido ishian hanido 13 ( ) (hanubag) (kaihomen) (kat-asagan) hanido

35 ( 2 ) 3 Bunun Bunun pp pp ( ) p ( )

36 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1999 pp ( ) ( ) 1986 pp ( ) ( ) 1986 pp ( ) ( ) 1941 ( ) ( ) 1931 Bunun 1 2 pp ( ) ( ) ( ) a b 136

37 (1): Anito Hanido pp ( ) 1995 ( ) ( ) 2000 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2000 Formosa & ( ) pp pp ( )

38 ( ) ( ) 1937 Bunun ( )( ) 214 p p /10 ( ) pp pp Cooper Marcus, Clare 2000 House as a Mirror of Self 1995 ( ) Guidoni, Enrico ( )Wolf, R.E. (English translation) 1987 Primitive Architecture. Electa/Rizzoli. Huang,Ying-kuei 2001 Land, House and Settlement: Spatial Categories among the Bunun of Taketonpu Rapoport, Amos presented in International Symposium on Austronesian Cultures: Issues Relating to Taiwan. (Anthropology) Taipei: Academia Sinica 1969 House Form and Culture. Prentice-Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Waterson, Roxana 1991 The Living House- an anthropology of architecture in South-East Asia. Oxford University Press.

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9 9 9-99 9 9 8 9 00 9 9 9 9 008 8 00 00 00 0 008 0 0 9 9 99 00 9 98 0 No. 0 JOURNAL OF HISTORIOGRAPHY Serial No. ( 南京大学历史系, 江苏南京 009) 新文化运动以后, 中国的文史学术界大致分为南北两大系统, 以新旧为重要分野其中, 位于南京的东南大学多被视为南方旧学的重镇 9 年南京国民政