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1 蒂芙娜妙韻團塞爾維亞 Serbia The Soul of 心曲聖頌

2 蒂芙娜妙韻團 House Rules Dear Patrons, In order to make this performance a pleasant experience for the artists and other members of the audience, eating and drinking, as well as unauthorised photography, audio and video recordings are forbidden in the auditorium. Please also ensure that your mobile phones and any other sound and light emitting devices are switched off before the performance. Thank you for your kind co-operation. The Soul of 心曲聖頌 caf2@lcsd.gov.hk You are welcome to send us your comments on the programme(s) attended or the World Cultures Festival Lasting Legacies of Eastern Europe in general to enhance our future programming. Share your views with us by filling in our feedback form online at or send your opinion by fax ( ) or by mail to the Festivals Office, Level 5 Administration Building, Hong Kong Cultural Centre, 10 Salisbury Road, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, or to caf2@lcsd.gov.hk with your contact information. Your opinion is much appreciated. 31/10/2013 Thur 8pm Hong Kong City Hall Concert Hall 1 5 Programme duration is approximately 1 hour and 5 minutes without intermission. The presenter reserves the right to substitute artists and change the programme should unavoidable circumstances make it necessary. The content of this programme does not represent the views of the Leisure and Cultural Services Department. There will be a meet-the-artist session after the performance. All are welcome to participate. Recycling of House Programmes We hope you enjoy reading this house programme and wish to retain it. If you do not wish to keep it, please return it to the admission point after the performance for recycling. Thank you. Photos Nikola Popović, Aleksandar S. Kostić & Nebojša Babić

Please also ensure that your mobile phones and any other sound and light emitting devices are switched off before the performance. Thank you for your kind co-operation. The Soul of 心曲聖頌 2013 www.

3 獻辭 Message 7A Since 2005, the biennial World Cultures Festival series has started its wonderful journey from Latin America, crossing the Mediterranean, the Silk Road and Asia, and arrived at Eastern Europe this year. Riding on the theme of Lasting Legacies of Eastern Europe, this year s Festival will feature some of the most representative artists and art forms from the Eastern European region, showcasing its rich and diversified cultures and traditions as well as contemporary arts development. Opening the 2013 Festival is the modern ballet Anna Karenina by the internationally acclaimed Eifman Ballet of St. Petersburg, which brilliantly decodes Russian literary giant Tolstoy s classic with its innovative and original choreography. We are also honoured to have two great theatre masters and their companies taking part in the Festival. Prominent Russian director Lev Dodin and his world-renowned Maly Drama Theatre of St. Petersburg-Theatre of Europe will perform Chekhov s signature play Uncle Vanya, while Polish contemporary theatre luminary Krystian Lupa will present his popular and intriguing work Persona. Marilyn with the Dramatic Theatre of the City of Warsaw. A strong line up of traditional Eastern European programmes is another notable achievement of the Festival s curatorial pursuit. These include the military songs and saber-wielding dances by the Don Cossacks State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble in honour of Anatoly Kvasov, and the captivating performance by the Terem-Quartet with their traditional Russian folk instruments. Furthermore, the exuberant charm and energy of Roma culture is set to enchant audiences through the music and dances by the Budapest Gypsy Symphony Orchestra and the Romafest Gypsy Dance Theatre of Romania. The divine voices of Serbia s Divna and Melodi have extended the art of sacred singing and injected new vitality into ancient Byzantine chant. Local productions to be staged at the Festival include the rendition of the late Czech Republic President Václav Havel s The Memorandum by Class 7A Drama Group, Uasiankrainian Jam by JohnChen Ensemble and the Eastern Europe Postcards concert by the Hong Kong Philharmonic. Apart from stage performances, the Festival also offers a rich array of extension activities, such as the arts criticism mentorship programme, film and video screenings, exhibitions, arts salon series, masterclasses, workshops, talks, backstage tours, meet-the-artist sessions and school tours, with the aim of capturing a full landscape of Eastern European cultures. May I invite you all to join us on this cultural journey to Eastern Europe. Mrs Betty Fung Director of Leisure and Cultural Services

Riding on the theme of Lasting Legacies of Eastern Europe, this year s Festival will feature some of the most representative artists and art forms from the Eastern European region, showcasing its

4 藝術家的話 Artist s Note 2013 It s really exciting for us to make our Hong Kong début. What follows is the quintessential performance of Orthodox chants which took years for us to refine, and I am delighted to share our tradition and insight with the audience of Hong Kong. Each of our performances has been received enthusiastically by audiences, and I would like to take this opportunity to express my heart-felt appreciation and thanks from Serbia. I would like to thank the World Cultures Festival 2013 Lasting Legacies of Eastern Europe for the kind invitation and to you all for your tremendous and arduous efforts in realising this project. Please enjoy. Divna Ljubojević Artistic Leader and Conductor Divna and Melodi 4 5

Kong. Each of our performances has been received enthusiastically by audiences, and I would like to take this opportunity to express my heart-felt appreciation and thanks from

5 蒂芙娜. 柳博耶維奇與她的妙韻團 Divna Ljubojević and her Melodi Ensemble CD Born in 1970 in Belgrade, Serbia, Divna Ljubojević s gift for singing was recognised in early childhood. At the age of 10, she was invited by Mother Agnija, Abbess of the Vavedenje monastery to sing with their choir. It was from there she received her first vocal training in the ancient tradition of Orthodox chant, a musical style originating from Karlovatz chants as well as tradtional Byzantine and Russian modalities. She later continued her musical education at the Mokranjac Music School and completed her studies at the Academy of Music of the University of Novi Sad. In 1988 Ljubojević began conducting the Mokranjac choir which often performed at home and abroad. Between 1989 and 1991 she conducted the 160-year Première Société Chorale de Belgrade, being the youngest conductor in its history. Also active as a teacher, she conducts seminars on music throughout Europe and gives masterclasses of church and choir singing in France, the Netherlands and England. In 1991, Ljubojević founded the Melodi Ensemble which is dedicated to a repertoire of sacred and spiritual music ranging from monadic and polyphonic Byzantine, Serbian, Bulgarian and Russian chants to liturgical poems; renaissance and baroque operas to contemporary works. Since the release of their first CD Jade in 2003, the Ensemble has been a regular guest at many important music festivals and concert halls in Greece, France, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Belgium, Austria, Romania, Russia, Portugal, South Africa and the UK, representing the best Serbian Orthodox music and general cultural heritage in the world. Ljubojević is the Artistic Leader, Conductor and Soloist of the Melodi Ensemble

At the age of 10, she was invited by Mother Agnija, Abbess of the Vavedenje monastery to sing with their choir.

6 節目聖母安息光明頌凡在基督內受洗者波斯三王上帝與我們同在! 聖母頌誕神女集禱頌向誕神女的懇禱聖頌典大暮時課詩節與聖詠詩篇一五篇聖詠詩篇第一二篇復活主日晨禱遣散頌誕神女讚歌革魯賓之歌求主憐憫晨禱普慈頌聖詠詩篇一三四及一三五篇聖母領報集禱頌萬壽詞流淌吧, 光明之水傳統歌曲晚禱禮拜經前誦基督降生節集禱頌 8 9

7 Programme Note Exapostilaire of the Dormition of the Mother of God Holy Apostles, come from the limits of the universe to assemble in this place, carry my body to the Garden of Gethsemane and place it in the tomb. And you, my Son and my God, receive my spirit. All of You Who Have Been Baptised in Christ Byzantine Chant, sung at solemn ceremonies. The Three Kings, Kings of Persia Serbian Chant 5th mode. God is with Us! Verse sung at the Great Complines of the Nativity of Christ to accompany the reading of the Prophecy of Isaiah on the birth of the Saviour. God is with us. Believe and obey, nations, for God is with us! Ave Maria Virgin Mary, Mother of God, rejoice, Full of Grace, God is with you Kondakion to the Mother of God We have no other sanctuary, no other hope than You, oh Sovereign Canon of Intercession to the Mother of God We beseech you, oh Mother of God, grant salvation to your servants who reach out to you Verse Sung at Great Complines of the Grand Lent Sermon at Easter and Associated with the Chant of Psalm 150 Almighty God, be with us, You are our only help in our sorrow, Almighty Lord, have pity on us. Psalm 102, Called Typiques Sung in the form of antiphony during the Holy Liturgy. Praise the Lord, my soul, and may all that I am praise His Holy Name Troparions of the Resurrection (Eulogétaires) Sung at Dominical matins. You are blessed, Lord, teach me your judgements. The choir of angels was astonished to see you there among the dead, then you destroyed the powers of death Hymn to the All-Holy One of the Orthodox people s best-loved and most sung hymns, this prayer concludes, in particular, the Eucharistic Canon in the Divine Liturgy. He is worthy, in truth, to proclaim you blessed, Mother of God More venerable than the Cherubim and incomparably more glorious than the Seraphim, you who, without sin, gave birth to God the Word, we glorify you. Hymn of the Cherubim This hymn accompanies the transfer of the offertory from the Table of Preparation (Proscomedie) to the Holy Altar. This procession symbolises the placing of Christ s body in the Tomb. Like a mystic icon of the Cherubim, singing the thrice-saintly hymn to the life-giving Trinity, let us now lay down all the cares of this world. Kyrie Eleison Kyrie Eleison, Christe Eleison Polyeleos Psalms 134 and 135 Sung in solemn mode at the matins on days of celebration. Praise the name of the Lord, praise the Lord, you, his servants. Hallelujah. May the Lord be blessed by Zion, He who lives in Jerusalem. Hallelujah. Kondakion of the Annunciation Invincible Leader of our armies, the sounds of victory are yours. Delivered from danger, me, your city, I dedicate to you this act of grace, oh Mother of God Rejoice, spouse! Ad Multos Annos Acclamation on the occasion of the onomastic celebration in favour of a Bishop, a priest or layman, asking God for many years of life to come, prosperous and peaceful, into the bargain! (This tradition goes back to the Imperial epoch when the Emperor entered the Church.) Flow, Bright Waters / Traditional Song Flow, flow, bright waters; Flow, flow, bright waters Quench the thirst of my heart, flow, flow bright waters Sing, sing, golden hill; Sing, sing, golden hill Let him hear wherever he is, sing, sing, golden hill Let him hear and come to me; Let him hear and come to me For him I have woven white trails, let him hear and come to me. Prokimenon Sung at the Vespers of Certain Important Liturgical Celebrations Who is as great as our God? You are the God who does wonderful things. Kondakion of the Nativity of Christ The Virgin, on this day, bore he who came before the centuries, and the earth received the Inaccessible, in a grotto. Angels and shepherds together sung his glory. Toward Bethlehem, a star guided the Kings on their way 10 11

The Three Kings, Kings of Persia Serbian Chant 5th mode. God is with Us!

8 12 13

9 靈性純澈飄然無拘蒂芙娜. 柳博耶維奇的禮拜音樂演唱及創作文 : 載妮娜 1991 聖頌天使之音的聖像 26:30 14:26 進入永恒的循環圈 1 不同時期的禮拜音樂守護教會歌者的聖羅瑪諾

10 Spiritual Purity and Boundless Flights Liturgical Singing and Creation by Divna Ljubojević By Nina Starostina Divna Ljubojević is a singer, a conductor and the Artistic Leader of the church choral music group Melodi Ensemble. In 1991 she founded Melodi Ensemble, named after the famous cantor St. Melod of the Early Church, and it is a group under the jurisdiction of the Vavedenje monastery. The Ensemble performs the music of the Orthodox Church, which includes Byzantine, Serbian, Bulgarian and Russian music as well as contemporary works. The choir has been in existence for 22 years and, apart from singing at services, has given more than 600 concerts in Serbia and other parts of Europe. It is also a frequent participant in the music festivals of Novi Sad and Belgrade. Sacred chanting icon of the voice of angels Christian music has its roots in Greek and Jewish music, which in turn was derived from ancient Egypt, where the prophet Moses learnt about music from the priests there. In ancient Egypt and ancient Greece, music with instrumental accompaniment was common. However, Jesus Christ himself and the apostles sang psalms themselves, as recorded in Matthew 26:30 and Mark 14:26, and this signified the rise of a new form of unaccompanied singing. There can be no doubt that Christian music is basically vocal music, and that is because of its major characteristic, namely, that it is performed not through wind and string instruments, but through the singing of prayers. The music does not come from the instruments but from inherently the performers, or the hearts. A painted icon is the image of God, Our Lady and the saints in heaven, and the singing of the Church on earth is known as the "icon of the voice of angels". Here is the occasion for people to express what is inexpressible through ordinary means. The pivotal concept of the music of the Orthodox Church the tones and the chanting - indicates clearly that church music should be performed by the human voice. The singing of Ljubojević is full of spirituality and purity of tone, and is entirely in accord with the exalted intentions behind liturgical music. Towards the immutable Generally speaking the Christian liturgy is a cyclic process, and it applies to all aspects. It works around the established cycle prescribed by the solar calendar, and is linked to the majority of the festivals of the church and the feast days of the saints. It is also linked to an annual cycle associated with the lunar calendar which carries movable feasts such as Lent, Easter and other festivals. It is also a cycle based on the Old Testament and the New Testament (all the four Gospels will have been liturgically read/chanted once within a year s 16 17

The Ensemble performs the music of the Orthodox Church, which includes Byzantine, Serbian, Bulgarian and Russian music as well as contemporary works.

11 time). It is also a cycle of seven days, ie, the week, and the contents of daily chanting are determined by the Octoechos. The Octoechos is an eight-mode system, with each to decide the key and the melodies of the chants to be sung within the corresponding week. (There are eight weeks in each cycle, each with one particular tone. The Octoechos runs for eight weeks and then starts again.) The modes themselves, in turn, are made up of certain melodic forms, which are known as popevka. The popevka repeats and reappears according to an established order, and that means the entire liturgical singing regime is operated on a system of melodies, which repeat and alternate within an enclosed cycle. The cyclic feature is an expression of a certain kind of eternity and perpetuity which, despite the passage of time, only heads towards the immutable and the unchanged. The Octoechos was formulated in the 5th to the 7th centuries, and at the beginning was only in the form of eight modes. This has since been preserved in the Byzantine Church. However, the melodies derived from them came to be determining factors in liturgical music with the eight tones. Apart from the modal music, there are many other pieces in independent modes. These are pieces written outside of the modal system. But then they are also cast in the same form of repeated and cyclic melodic structures, and they similarly reiterate the concept of cyclic music as in the Octoechos. In this concert, we will present to you works in the cyclic system such as The Three Kings, Kings of Persia, All of You Who Have Been Baptised in Christ and Polyeleos. We will also feature works in independent modes, such as the Kyrie Eleison and the Exapostilaire of the Dormition of the Mother of God. It has to be pointed out that Ljubojević is capable of using her music to express the cyclic nature of liturgical music very well the melodies unfold boundlessly in unbridled flightiness. Development of liturgical music In the course of two thousand years of its growth, liturgical music has gone through several phases of development. These include the earliest monophonic Octoechos, the early polyphonic music according to the eight-mode system that came in later, followed by the polyphonic form similar to the music of Western Europe, and then the revival of the most ancient forms of chanting. In this concert by Divna and Melodi, the Exapostilaire of the Dormition of the Mother of God, which also belongs to the Kiev mode, is the only vocal solo in the programme. It will bring the audience into the temporal-spatial ambience of classical liturgical music where vocal performance was the only form. Other ancient liturgical chants (Serbian and Byzantine chants) are for two voices. These works mostly have the main melody accompanied by a low second voice, which is a very early form of polyphony. It most typically occurs in Byzantine, Serbian, Greek and Bulgarian chants. The four-part works featured in this concert are composed much later, for example the Hymn of the Cherubim, the Kondakion of the Nativity of Christ (Serbian Chant), the Canon of Intercession to the Mother of God and Ad Multos Annos. In these works we find both polyphony from Western Europe as well as typical Slavonic enunications having a substantial presence this is not only the work of the composers, but also the manifestation of the corporate skills of the choir. The Ensemble has the fine knack of expressing to the full the beauty and good taste of music written at different times in history. Whether it is the most ancient vocal chants, or the later composite works with the addition of Western polyphony, they all demonstrate a purity of style, and much faithfulness to the original. Here it is necessary for some explanations to be made with regard to the performance style of the Ensemble. Whether in an ancient or a modern piece, they perform with an ethereal softness that sends the melody to hover above the heads of the singers. The singing of Ljubojević is very rich in embellishments, and she will demonstrate a special kind of tremolo that is typical of ancient Byzantine and Serbian music. Such embellishments enrich her singing and add vivid colours to it, but at the same time they do not make the music cumbersome or over-decorated. Such embellishments are used abundantly in ancient chants and form a unique and close approximation to polyphonic music in Western Europe. On the other hand, embellishments do not form a part of Western polyphonic music, where the effect of harmony is expressed through the use of multiple voices. St. Melod, the patron of Church chanters In this concert, a variety of styles are presented and, of course, the first and foremost is liturgical music. Here we would like to make special mention of the Kondakion. In this concert we present three Kondakion, and this is not random arrangement. The important composer of liturgical music, St. Melod, is the creator of this special form, and he is also venerated as the patron of church musicians. This Christian saint, who lived in the 5th or 6th century, was an ardent assistant to Euphymios, the Patriarch of Constantinople. His faith was genuine, although, at first, he was not known for his outstanding hearing or a powerful voice. Then, one day, at a solemn liturgy attended by the Emperor and his Court shortly before Christmas, the adversaries of Melod pushed him up to the ambo and forced him to chant. Out of embarrassment and fear, Melod was unable to chant a single word with clarity. This resulted in the ridicule of all the people around. After the liturgy Melod went home, and in his agony he prayed the whole night to Our Lady. The next morning he found himself gifted with a beautiful singing voice and great creative skills in composition. It was at that moment that he wrote the Kondakion of the Nativity of Christ, his best known work, which will also be the finale piece for this concert

(There are eight weeks in each cycle, each with one particular tone. The Octoechos runs for eight weeks and then starts again.

12 蒂芙娜妙韻團巡迴演出人員 Divna and Melodi Touring Members 藝術總監 / 指揮 Artistic Leader / Conductor Divna Ljubojević 合唱團 Choir Tatjana Ristić Viktor Ljujić Zoran Tešić Zoran Drašković Saša Damnjanović Teodora Topalović 蒂芙娜妙韻團之澳門及香港演出由承藝文化傳播有限公司安排 Divna and Melodi s Macao and Hong Kong concerts are arranged by Artransfer Culture Promotions Co Ltd

Saša Damnjanović Teodora Topalović 蒂芙娜妙韻團之澳門及香港演出由承藝文化傳播有限公司安排 Divna and Melodi s

13 世界文化藝術節 2013 東歐芳華 World Cultures Festival Lasting Legacies of Eastern Europe Stage Performance Programme Date Time Venue Opening Programme Anna Karenina Eifman Ballet of St. Petersburg (Russia) / / 10 7:30pm 2:30pm HKCC/GT Persona. Marilyn The Dramatic Theatre of the City of Warsaw (Poland) / / 10 7:30pm 2:30pm KTT/A Budapest Gypsy Symphony Orchestra (Hungary) 25 / 10 8pm HKCC/CH The Soul of Orthodox Chant Divna and Melodi (Serbia) 31 / 10 8pm HKCH/CH Uncle Vanya Maly Drama Theatre of St. Petersburg Theatre of Europe (Russia) 1-2 / 11 3 / 11 7:30pm 2:30pm KTT/A Terem-Quartet (Russia) 2 / 11 8pm HKCH/CH The Memorandum 7A Class 7A Drama Group 8-9 / / 11 8pm 3pm HKCC/ST Romafest A Gypsy Song and Dance Fiesta Romafest Gypsy Dance Theatre of Romania 9 / / 11 8pm 3pm STTH/A TWTH/A Don Cossacks State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble in honour of Anatoly Kvasov (Russia) 15 / / / 11 8pm 8pm 3pm HKCH/CH STTH/A TMTH/A Uasiankrainian Jam JohnChen Ensemble 16 / 11 8pm HKCH/T Eastern Europe Postcards Hong Kong Philharmonic 4-5 / 12 8pm HKCC/CH HKCC/CH Hong Kong Cultural Centre Concert Hall HKCC/GT Hong Kong Cultural Centre Grand Theatre HKCC/ST Hong Kong Cultural Centre Studio Theatre HKCH/CH Hong Kong City Hall Concert Hall HKCH/T Hong Kong City Hall Theatre KTT/A Kwai Tsing Theatre Auditorium STTH/A Sha Tin Town Hall Auditorium TMTH/A Tuen Mun Town Hall Auditorium TWTH/A Tsuen Wan Town Hall Auditorium

Marilyn The Dramatic Theatre of the City of Warsaw (Poland) 24-25 / 10 26 / 10 7:30pm 2:30pm KTT/A Budapest Gypsy Symphony Orchestra (Hungary) 25 / 10 8pm HKCC/CH The Soul of Orthodox Chant Divna and

豐邑家族季刊編者的話 2015.02-04 No.07 彼此相愛總編輯 : 邱崇喆主編 : 戴秋柑編輯委員 : 黃淑美盧永吉王森生趙家明林孟姿曾淑慧執行編輯 : 豐邑建設企劃課出版發行 :

豐邑家族季刊編者的話 2015.02-04 No.07 彼此相愛總編輯 : 邱崇喆主編 : 戴秋柑編輯委員 : 黃淑美盧永吉王森生趙家明林孟姿曾淑慧執行編輯 : 豐邑建設企劃課出版發行 : 豐邑家族季刊編者的話 2015.02-04 No.07 彼此相愛總編輯 : 邱崇喆主編 : 戴秋柑編輯委員 : 黃淑美盧永吉王森生趙家明林孟姿曾淑慧執行編輯 : 豐邑建設企劃課出版發行 : 豐邑專業整合團隊地址 : 台中市台灣大道二段 501 號 20F-1

蒂 芙 娜 妙 韻 團 House Rules Dear Patrons, In order to make this performance a pleasant experience for the artists and other members of the audience, eatin

蒂芙娜妙韻團 House Rules Dear Patrons, In order to make this performance a pleasant experience for the artists and other members of the audience, eatin