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1 No ( 138 ) SOUTHEAST ASIAN AFFAIRS General Serial No. 138 Ξ (, ) :, 1911,,19 80, 19 20,, 1893 :; ;; :D :A : (2009) ,1824,1826,,,,,,,, Ξ : :,,,,: Yen Ching - hwang, A Social History of the Chinese in Singapore and Malaya , Singapore : Oxford University Press,1986, pp. 1-4, :, 65

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10 [4 ] Yen Ching Hwang, The Overseas Chinese and the 1911 Revolution with Special Reference to Singapore and Malaya, Kuala Lumpur : Oxford University Press, 1976, p. 3. [5 ] :, :,2005,221 [6 ], :,, :,2002,45 [7 ] :,,: (3 ), :,1986,194 [8 ] : :, :,1985,44 ;Mak Lau Fong, The Dynamics of Chinese Dialect Groups in Early Malaya, Singapore : Singapore Society of Asian Studies, 1995, p. 81. [9 ][10 ] (Bookworm) :,, :,1936, [11 ][21 ] Victor Purcell, The Chinese in Southeast Asia, Kuala Lumpur : Oxford University Press,1980, pp ,pp [12 ][14 ] :, (Journal of the South Seas Society) 56,: (South Seas Society), ,151 [13 ] Yen Ching2hwang,Early Fukienese Migration and Social Organization in Singapore and Malaya before 1900,in Yen Ching2 hwang, Community and Politics : The Chinese in Colonial Singapore and Malaysia, Singapore : Times Academic Press,1995, PP [15 ] :, :,2001,47 [16 ] :< >, ,63-74 ; :, (Journal of the South Seas Society) 56,151 [17 ][18 ] :,,,7 8 [19 ][22 ][23 ][25 ] :,,:,1993, [20 ] :,:,1994,5 [ 24 ] W. L. Blythe.,Historical Sketch of Chinese Labour in Malaya, JMBRAS ( Journal of the Malayan Branch, Royal Asiatic Society), Vol. 20, Part 1, June, 1947, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur, pp ; Persia Crawford Campbell, Chinese Coolie Emigration to Countries within the British Empire, New York : Negro Universities Press, 1969,p. 1. [26 ] :,:,, :,1994,198 [27 ] :,,19 ;:,12 ;Mak Lau Fong, The Dynamics of Chinese Dialect Groups in Early Malaya,Singapore : Singapore Society of Asian Studies, 1995, p. 81. [28 ] :,:,1995, [29 ] :, :,1991,35 [30 ] :, :,1996,52 (84 ) [ : ] 74

11 [31 ] :, :,1998 [32 ] :, :,1960,492 [ : ] Economic Reconstruction of the Nguyen Dynasty and Development of Sino2Vietnamese Economic and Trade Relations LIANG Zhi2ming (Department of History, Beijing University, Beijing ) Abstract :The Nguyen Dynasty is the important and last one in Vietnamese history. Vietnamese academia has different, and even totally opposite evaluation on its historical effects. This article holds the point of view that the history of the Nguyen Dynasty can be divided into two periods2the prophase and the anaphase. In the prophase, the country got united and the polity was relatively stable. It plays a positive role in the economic reconstruction and in developing the economic and cultural relations with the Qing Dynasty. There were various reasons for explaining the rise and fall of the Nguyen Dynasty. The basic historical experience and lesson is that long2term stability requires the rulers to cater to the development trend of the times, reform and open up, and make continuous improvement. Key words :Vietnam, the Nguyen Dynasty, restoration and development of agriculture, economic and trade exchange, cultural communication (74 ) HokkiensMigration to the Straits Settlements during WANG Fu2bing (Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Xiamen University, Xiamen , Fujian) Abstract :The Hokkiens migrated to the Straits Settlements rather early in the history, and the Straits Settlements were the main places where the Hokkien migrants in Malaya concentrated during the Qing Dynasty, especially the Late Qing Period. The Hokkiens constituted the largest dialect group among the various dialect groups in the Straits Settlements except that the number of the Hainanese was a bit more than that of the Hokkiens in The Hokkiens in Singapore had absolutely been the most numerous among all dialect groups since 1880s. In the late 19th and early 20th, centuries, the number of the Hokkien children migrants far exceeded that of other dialect groups or nationalities, and most of the Hokkien migrants from Amoy port were male. It was the abolition of the seafaring prohibition policy of the Qing Government in 1893 that had important effects on Hokkiens migration from Amoy port to the Straits Settlements, which meant the continuous increase in the number of Hokkien migrants in Singapore and Penang. Key words :Hokkien, migrant, Straits Settlements, dialect group 84

17 20 ;,,,,,15 ;,, 3 (Push2Pull Theory),,,, 20 70, (Bertil Lintner) ,, [1 ], 17, :(17-19 ),,,,,2000,,,,, 15,,,,,,,,, 17,1511,1570, 1626,

17 20 ;,,,,,15 ;,, 3 (Push2Pull Theory),,,, 20 70, (Bertil Lintner) ,, [1 ], 17, :(17-19 ),,,,,2000,,,,, 15,,,,,,,,, 17,1511,1570, 1626, 2008 1 No. 1 2008 ( 133 ) SOUTHEAST ASIAN AFFAIRS General Serial No. 133 Ξ (, 361005) :,, 17, 20, 20 50,,,,,,,, :; ;; :D632. 4 :A :1003-9856(2008)01-0069 - 13 (emigration),, 3 :,,, 18 19,12 13 17 20 ;,,,