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融亘山
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1 . ( ) (, 1994:25) (1994) 4

2 21 24 (L1) ( L2) L2 L1 L2 L2 L1 () Fischler & Bloom (1980) Most cats see very well at. (1) (night) 1) (2) (birth) (3) (court) 3 (night, birth) ( ) (court) Schwanenflugen & Shoben (1985) 2) ( : The worker was criticized by his.)

3 (boss) (manager) ( : The lady was a competent.) (cook) (chef) L2 Altarriba, Kroll, Sholl, & Rayner (1996) Altarriba et al. (1996) L1 L2 L2 L2 L1 3) L2 L2 ( He wanted to deposit all of his (=money) at the credit union.) ( He always placed all of his (=money) on a silver dish on his dresser.) Schwanenflugen & Shoben (1985) L1 L1 L2 L1 Altarriba et al. (1996)L1 L2 Altarriba et al. (1996)L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 L1

4 L2 Altarriba et al. (1996) 3 L2 1 L2 L2 L2 1 L1 Altarriba et al. (1996) L1 2 1 L2 L1 L2 () () Altarriba et al. (1996) L1 L1L 64 ( ) ( ) (1964) ( 585 ) (86 ) ( 11.96) 64 =.946 ( 1) 22 44

5 67 82 (M71.45, SD3.88) (M58.15, SD4.36) (M44.68, SD4.31) 22 : 1 ( ) (1) () (2)( ) (3) () 3 2 ( ) ,000 Tamaoka, Kirsner, Yanase, Miyaoka, & Kawakami (2002) Tamaoka & Makioka (2004) The list of stroke numbers for 6,355 kanji ( ) Psychonomic Society Tamaoka & Makioka (2004)

6 ) , (ms) (%) M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD 1, , , , , , ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 )( 2 ) 3( ) 2( ) 5) 6) [ 1 (2,62)=4.511,.05;

7 2 (2,22)=4.049,.05] [ 1 (1,31)=2.998,.093; 2 (1,11)=4.332, =.062] 7) [ 1 (2,62)=1.107, ; 2 (2,22)=1.679, ] 8) ( ) [ 1 (2,34)=6.910,.01; 2 (2,12)=5.038,.05] [ 1 (2,28)=0.428, ; 2 (2,10)=1.013, ] [ 1 (2,62)=9.712,.001; 2 (2,22)=16.598,.001] [ 1 (1,31)=8.484,.01; 2 (1,11)=11.966,.05] [ 1 (2,62)=0.711, ; 2 (2,22)=1.334, ] [ 1 (2,34)=6.809, <.01; 2 (2,12)=6.792, <.05 1 (2,28)=4.091, <.05; 2 (2,10)=13.607, <.01] 1 ( ) 1

8 4 NTT 2 5 (ms) (%) M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD 1, , , [ 1 (2,82)=6.614,.01; 2 (2,24)=3.766,.05][ 1 (1,41)=1.093, ; 2 (1,12)=0.817, ][ 1 (2,82)=0.133, ; 2 (2,24)=0.197, ]

9 [ 1 (2,82)=6.812, <.01; 2 (2,24)=3.673, <.05] [ 1 (1,41)=3.152,.083; 2 (1,12)=1.424, ] 1 ( 1) ( ) () ( ) 2

10 (( ) ( ) ) ( 2) L2 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 L2 L2 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 L1 L2 L2

11 1) Fischler & Bloom (1980) 1 2) Schwanenflugen & Shoben (1985) 3) ( ) ( ) 4) 42 5) 6) 7)

12 8) 15 ( ) (1994).. ( ) (2002). (). () (1999). NTT 1.. () (2000). NTT 7. (1985).. Altarriba, J., Kroll, J. F., Sholl, A., & Rayner, K. (1996). The Influence of Lexical and Conceptual Constraints on Reading Mixed-language Sentences: Evidence from Eye Fixations and Naming Times., 24(4), Fishler, I., & Bloom, P. A. (1980). Rapid Processing of the Meaning of Sentences., 8(3), Schwanenflugel, P. J., & Shoben, E. J. (1985). The Influence of Sentence Constraint on

13 the Scope of Facilitation for Upcoming Words., 24, Tamaoka, K., Kirsner, K., Yanase, Y., Miyaoka, Y., & Kawakami, M. (2002). A Web-accessible Database of Characteristics of the 1,945 Basic Japanese Kanji., 34(2), Tamaoka, K., & Makioka, S. (2004). Frequency of Occurrence for Units of Phonemes, Morae and Syllables Appearing in a Lexical corpus of Japanese Newspaper., 36(3), ( ) (1990)..