校園禁毒錦囊

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7 1959 drug abuse

9 / K 1,876(73.5%) 2,392(80.3%) 2,921(85.4%) 2,336(84.1%) 2 264(10.3%) 407(13.7%) 510(14.9%) 417(15.0%) 3 1,088(42.6%) 631(21.2%) 532(15.6%) 329(11.8%) 4 475(18.6%) 363(12.2%) 309(9.0%) 199(7.2%) 5 170(6.7%) 356(12.0%) 317(9.3%) 146(5.3%) 6 343(13.4%) 273(9.2%) 223(6.5%) 141(5.1%) 7 178(7.0%) 132(4.4%) 104(3.0%) 103(3.7%) 8 51(2.0%) 62(2.1%) 62(1.8%) 57(2.1%) 9 67(2.6%) 52(1.7%) 36(1.1%) 36(1.3%) K K 8

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22 1 Effects of Drug Abuse by Dr. Patrick Ip Drug Psychological (Chinese & Dependence Street Name) Physical Dependence Tolerance Physical insults Mental impairment Heroin ( ) Ketamine ( ) Amphetamine ( ) Strong Strong Strong Not obvious Not obvious May develop Strong Less strong More strong Malnutrition, Risk of infection, hepatitis, HIV infection, dysentery, tetanus, skin abscess, septicemia, phlebitis and venous thrombosis; Nausea, loss of appetite and weight, danger of overdose - respiratory depression, coma, death. Depression; Apathy, lessened physical activity; Hallucination & Paranoia; Emotional disturbance; Poor concentration; Sex impairment; Sleep disturbance. Visual distortions, inability to feel pain, weight loss, exhaustion, paranoia Users may become and memory loss. highly confused, High dose can paranoid, terrifi ed, lead to respiratory aggressive, or depression, passive. convulsions, combative behaviour and even comas. Stroke, Cerebral ischemic infarction, Cerebral haemorrhage; Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Hypertension, Palpitation paranoid and violent. After the effects wear off, the crash includes deep depression, followed by fatigue, headaches and decreased energy. 1 FHKAM(Paed), FHKCPaed, MRCP(UK), MRCPCH(UK), MBBS, DCH(IRE), DCH(GLAS), Dip Med(CUHK), ARICD(Tutor) Euphoria, anxiety, depression, mental confusion, Violent behaviour, restlessness and poor judgement; Psychosis with delusions, visual and auditory hallucinations. 21

23 Drug Psychological (Chinese & Dependence Street Name) Ecstasy/ MDMA ( Fing ) Physical Dependence Not obvious Not obvious Not obvious Tolerance Physical insults Mental impairment Nausea, muscle tension, teethclenching, faintness, chills, sweating, tachycardia and hypertension; Malignant hyperthermia; Rhabdomyolysis; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation(DIC); Vascular bleeding. Confusion, Anxiety, Depression; Panic attacks; Hallucinations; Flashback. Cannabis/ Marijuana ( ) More strong Not obvious Not obvious Damage to Apathetic, irritability, respiratory system; impaired perception Increased heart rate, of time and distance; appetite and thirst, Delusions and pink watery eyes, Paranoia; Character dilated pupils, odor impairment; of marijuana, body Obessive behaviour; tremors, lack of Flashback. ambition. Cocaine ( ) Strong Strong Strong Tachyarrhythmia, tremors, twitching, Depression, extreme headache, chest tiredness, agitation, pain, nausea, blurred paranoid thinking, vision, fever, eating violent behaviour, disorders, weight hallucinations, loss, constipation, mood swings, muscle spasms, restlessness. convulsions & death. Solvents ( ) More strong Not obvious More strong Headache, dizziness, lethargy, Insomnia, Bad dreams, Liver and Renal function impairment; Haematuira, Proteinuria; Anaemia, Peripheral neuritis; Bloodshot, watery eyes, powdery ring around nose and mouth, odor of substance, slurred speech, fl ushed face, lack of muscle coordination. Drowsy, impaired coordination, dissociation from environment, and stuporous; Delusions and Paranoia; Emotional disturbance; Anxiety; Character impairment. 22

24 Drug Psychological (Chinese & Dependence Street Name) Physical Dependence Tolerance Physical insults Mental impairment Triazolam/ Halcion ( ) Flunitrazepam /Rohypnol ( ) Nimetazepam ( ) Less strong More strong More strong Staggering, blurred vision, lethargy, Anxiety, Depression, weight loss, impaired Delusions and thinking, slurred paranoia; Cognitive speech; reduced and memory sensitivity to pain, impairment; Change hypotonia, seizures; in character; Sleep Overdoses cause disturbace, Sex unconsciousness, impairment. coma and death. K 23

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55 1. Lee, Peter, E.I. (2001)., 2 (2008). 3. Burrow-Sanchez, J.J. and Hawken, L.S. (2007). Helping students overcome substance abuse: Effective practices for prevention and intervention. New York: Guilford. 4. Fisher, G.L. and Harrison, T.C. (2009). Substance abuse: Information for school counselors, social workers, therapists and counselors. Boston: Pearson. 5. National Institute on Drug Abuse ( i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. 7. ( 54

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