% % % % % % % %

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "% % % % % % % %"

顺习
5 years ago
Views:

1 % logit MMI EMI % %

2 % % % % % % % %

3 Shavit & Blossfeld 1993 Sieben & De Graaf 2003 Lucas 2001 Breen & Jonsson Pfeffer 2008 Stocke Shavit & Blossfeld 1993 Erikson & Jonsson 1996b Jonsson & Erikson 2000 Shavit & Westerbeek 1998 Sieben et al Breen & Jonsson 2005 Ballarino et al Pfeffer

4 MMI maximally maintained inequality MMI 80% Raftery & Hout 1993 Mare 1981 Shavit & Blossfeld 1993 Eriksson & Jonsson 1996a Breen & Goldthorpe 1997 Breen & Yaish 2006 Shavit et al Raftery & Hout 1993 Shavit & Blossfeld EMI MMI Lucas 2001 EMI effectively maintained inequality MMI 80% 85

5 EMI EMI Lucas 2001 Ayalon & Shavit 2004 RCT MMI 10 Jonsson et al Breen et al Ballarino et al Lindbekk 1998 De Graaf & Ganzeboom 1993 De Graaf et al Shavit & Blossfeld 1993 Erikson & Jonsson 1996a 1996b Ballarino et al. 86

6 2008 Becker 2003 Eriksson & Jonsson 1996a Breen & Goldthorpe 1997 Breen & Yaish 2006 E n + 1 E n E n + 1 B E n SD E n + 1 C P f E n + 1 E n + 1 E n + 1 B C SD P f P f P f SD P f SD P f P f RCT RCM MMI EMI MMI EMI 87

7 CHNS

8 Guo % 96. 7%

9 MMI EMI MMI EMI Shavit et al MMI EMI Pakulski & Malcolm 1996 MMI EMI 90

10 MMI EMI

11 MMI EMI MMI MMI EMI EMI EMI 2 EMI 92

12 3 C B P f SD SD 93

13 % 1% % % 2006 CGSS 2006 CGSS % 1 94

14 17. 2% 11. 4% 8. 3% 7. 3% 4. 5% CGSS 26. 4% 15. 7% 11. 3% % CGSS % CGSS CGSS CGSS CGSS CGSS CGSS CGSS CGSS 63. 5%

15 % % % 12. 3% 86. 6% % 26. 7% 71. 8% birth cohort Mare a model of educational transitions logit Smith & Cheung 1986 Shavit & Kraus 1990 logit log P ( i 1 - P ) i = b + Σ k b k X ki + Σ c g c C ci + Σ ck d c CX ci 96

16 P i i X ki b k C ci g c CX ci d c 1. logit = 1 = = = 1 1 1% 97

17 = = = 0 1 = 1 = 0 = 1 = 0 = 0 = N = % % % % % % % %

18 logit % % 1 99

20 101

21 % % %

22 EMI 3 logit

23 Logistic Model 4 5 B Exp B S. E. B Exp B S. E * Intercept log likelihood df N * P P

25 MMI 1 EMI 2 EMI 3 3 MMI EMI 106

26 RCT 4 RCT C B P f SD MMI EMI MMI MMI SD 107

27 MMI EMI EMI EMI EMI 108

28 C B P f SD MMI EMI

30 http / /www. chinanews. com. cn / A Ayalon H. & Y. Shavit 2004 Educational Reforms and Inequalities in Israel The MMI Hypothesis Revisited. Sociology of Education 77. Ballarino G. F. Bernardi M. Requena & H. Schadee 2008 Persistent Inequalities Expansion of Education and Class Inequality in Italy and Spain. European Sociological Review 25. Becker R Educational Expansion and Persistent Inequalities of Education Using Subjective Expected Utility Theory to Explain Increasing Participation Rates in Upper Secondary School in the Federal Republic of Germany. European Sociological Review Breen R. & J. Goldthorpe 1997 Explaining Educational Differentials Towards a Formal Ration- 111

31 al Action Theory. Rationality and Society 9. Breen R. & J. O. Jonsson 2000 Analyzing Educational Careers A Multinomial Transition Model. American Sociological Review Inequality of Opportunity in Comparative Perspective Recent Research on Educational Attainment and Social Mobility. Annual Review of Sociology 31. Breen R. R. Luijkx W. Muller & R. Pollack 2005 Non-Persistent Inequality in Educational Attainment Evidence from Eight European Countries. Paper presented at the ISA-RC28 meeting UCLA Los Angeles. Breen R. & M. Yaish 2006 Testing the Breen-Goldthorpe Model of Educational Decision Making. In S. L. Morgan D. B. Grusky & G. S. Fields eds. Mobility and Inequality. Stanford Stanford University Press. De Graaf N. D. P. M. de Graaf & G. Kraaykamp 2000 Parental Cultural Capital and Educational Attainment in the Netherlands A Refinement of the Cultural Capital Perspective. Sociology of Education 73. De Graaf P. M. & H. B. G. Ganzeboom 1993 Family Background and Educational Attainment in the Netherlands for the Birth Cohorts. in Y. Shavit & Hans-Peter Blossfeld eds. Persistent Inequality. Boulder Colo. Westview. Erikson R. & J. O. Jonsson 1996a Explaining Class Inequality in Education The Swedish Test Case. In R. Erikson & J. O. Jonsson eds. Can Education be Equalized The Swedish Case in Comparative Perspective. Boulder Westview. 1996b The Swedish Context Educational Reform and Long-term Change in Educational Inequality. In R. Erikson & J. O. Jonsson eds. Can Education be Equalized The Swedish Case in Comparative Perspective. Boulder Westview. Guo M School Expansion and Educational Stratification in China Paper presented in Neuchatel Switzerland Meeting of ISA-RC02 of Jonsson J. O. C. Mills & W. Muller 1996 A Half Century of Increasing Educational Openness Social Class Gender and Educational Attainment in Sweden Germany and Britain. In R. Erikson & J. O. Jonsson eds. Can Education be Equalized The Swedish Case in Comparative Perspective. Boulder Westview. Jonsson J. O. & R. Erikson 2000 Understanding Educational Inequality The Swedish Experience. L Année sociologique Lindbekk T The Education Backlash Eypothesis The Norwegian Experience Acta Sociologica 41. Lucas S. R Effectively Maintained Inequality Education Transitions Track Mobility and Social Background Effects. The American Journal of Sociology Mare R. D Social Background and School Continuation Decisions. Journal of the American Statistical Association Change and Stability in Educational Stratification. American Sociological Review 46. Pakulski J. & M. Water 1996 The Death of Class. London Sage Publication. 112

32 Pfeffer F. T Persistent Inequality in Educational Attainment and its Institutional Context. European Sociological Review Raftery A. E. & M. Hout 1993 Maximally Maintained Inequality Expansion Reform and Opportunity in Irish Education Sociology of Education 66. Shavit Y. & Hans-Peter Blossfeld eds Persistent Inequality. Changing Educational Attainment in Thirteen Countries. Boulder Westview Press. Shavit Y. & V. Kraus 1990 Educational Transitions in Israel A Test of the Industrialization and Credentialism Hypotheses. Sociology of Education Shavit Y. & K. Westerbeek 1998 Education Stratification in Italy Reforms Expansion and E- quality of Opportunity. European Sociological Review Shavit Y. E. B. Haim & H. Ayalon 2009 Expansion and Inequality of Educational Opportunity A Comparative Study. Paper presented in the Beijing Meeting of ISA - RC28 of Sieben I. & P. M. de Graaf 2003 The Total Impact of the Family on Educational Attainment. European Sociology 5. Sieben I. J. Huinink & P. M. de Graaf 2001 Family Background and Sibling Resemblance in Education Attainment Trends in the Former FRG the Former GDR and the Netherlands. European Sociological Review 17. Smith H. L. & P. L. Cheung 1986 Trends in the Effects of Family Background on Educational Attainment in the Philippines. American Journal of Sociology 91. Stocke V Explaining Educational Decision and Effects of Families Social Class Position An Empirical Test of the Breen-Goldthorpe Model of Educational Attainment. European Sociological Review

33 Strive for Autonomy An institutionalism analytic framework about the rise and fall of rural collective enterprises Xiong Wansheng 48 Abstract Based on review of the market-preserving federalism theory and the history of the rise and fall of collective enterprises this article proposes an alternative institutionalism analytic framework to interpret the rise and fall of rural collective enterprises. Different from the interpretation which has often been generalized as competition for growth this new framework highlights the grass roots governments' effort for maintaining and expanding the poor and valuable political autonomy in the extra large scale centralized system. This paper argues it is just the strife for autonomy that has propelled the collective enterprises to develop endogenously from the grass roots society. The grass roots governments' failure ended the collective enterprises' prosperity. Expansion of Higher Education and Inequality in Opportunity of Education A study on effect of Kuozhao policy on equalization of educational attainment Li Chunling 82 Abstract There is a debate about education expansion' impact on inequality of educational attainment. During the Chinese government adopted a policy to increase enrolment in higher education. This resulted in a five-fold increase in the number of college students and the expansion of opportunity for higher education doubled in five years. The paper based on sub-data drawing from 1% population sample survey data of 2005 and using logit models examines the impact of higher educational expansion during this period on inequalities of classes Hukou status ethnic and gender in China. The author tests the validity of the MMI hypothesis EMI hypothesis and RCT theory in the Chinese context. The results show that inequalities of higher education among classes ethnic groups and sexes have not declined during the sharp expansion of higher education but inequality of higher education between people born in urban and rural areas has increased during this period. Charity Gospel and Nationalism in the Public Sphere The leprosy relief in modern HangZhou Zhou Donghua 114 Abstract The disease s relationship with social-culture especially with colonialism and nationalism is catching more and more concern in the academia. This paper tries to explain the relationship of the missionary medical and Chinese social-culture by telling the story of the leprosy relief in modern Hangzhou. Missionary medical played a very important role in the leprosy relief of the Modern China. By building shelters 244

/ 2008 Montinola et al

* 2003 2000 /1984 101 * 07BSH010 48 2009 90 / 2008 Montinola et al. 1995 1. 49 2010. 3 2. 3. 4. 5. institutionalized 1993 M Weingast 2008 /1995 M Weingast 2008 /1995 50 - Rodden & Rose-Ackerman 1997 2007