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1 Dr. Jianguo Shen Inter-Regional Adviser United Nations Human Settlements Programme 沈建国博士联合国人类住区计划署区域事务顾问

2 Mrs. Anna Tibaijuka Under Secretary General of the United Nations Executive Director of 安娜蒂贝琼卡女士联合国副秘书长联合国人居署执行主任

3 An urbanized world 一个城市化的世界 Urban Populaltion Rural Population World Urbanization Trend, 世界城市化趋势

4 Urbanization trend in the more and less developed regions More developed regions Less developed regions 发达和欠发达地区城市化趋势

5 Rising of megacities 巨型城市在增长 Distribution of Megacities in the World 世界巨型城市的分布

6 Cities along the coast 沿海城市

7 Decentralization, a universal phenomenon in all metropolitan areas across the world 在世界范围内都市区的分散已经成为一个普遍的现象 Milton Keynes, UK, 1989 英国米尔顿凯恩斯 Central Tsukuba, Japan, 2002 日本筑波

8 Industrial decentralization in Chicago 美国芝加哥工业区的分散

9 Residential decentralization in Chicago 美国芝加哥居住区的分散

10 The Outer Circles of Tokyo Metropolitan Area The Inner Circle of Tokyo Metropolitan Area Decentralization of business, management, population and industrial Activities in Metro Tokyo 东京都市区商业管理人口工业的分散

11 Decentralization of employment in London 伦敦就业的扩散

12 Decentralization and re-centralization of population in London 伦敦人口的扩散和再集中

13 Decentralization is prevailing in Shanghai Fig. 8 Decentralization in Population, Employme nt, Industrial Establishme nts and Industrial O utput in Shanghai, 1990 ~ 2001 Density gradient value No. of Industrial units Employment Year Population Industrial Output 在上海城市发展中扩散占主导地位

14 Population density change in 1990 and 与 2001 年人口密度变化

15 Industrial establishments density change in 1990 and 与 2001 年工业企业数量密度变化

16 Industrial output density change in 1990 and 与 2001 年工业产值密度变化

17 Employment density change in 1990 and 与 2001 年就业密度变化

18 Downtown of Nairobi City 内罗毕市中心

19 The expansion of Nairobi City 内罗毕的城市扩展

20 Slums in Nairobi 内罗毕的贫民窟内罗毕的贫民窟 2000

21 Factors and dynamics of decentralization: 1. high taxes, Crime, Congestion 2. low environmental quality 3. low quality public school and government services 4. low land prices and low development costs in the outskirts 5. development of rapid transit systems 扩散的动因 : 1 高税收犯罪拥挤,2 环境质量差,3 公立学校和政府服务水平低,4 郊区土地价格和开发成本低,5 快捷交通工具的发展等等

22 Urban Growth Management 1. creating a unique sense of community and place 2. preserving valuable natural and cultural resources 3. conserving rural land for non-urban or resource uses 4. providing infrastructures concurrent with development 5. expanding the range of employment and housing choices 6. valuing long-range and regional sustainability 城市增长管理 1. 创造城市的特色 2. 传承宝贵的自然和文化资源 3. 保护耕地 4. 基础设施建设与发展同步 5. 扩大就业和居住的选择机会 6. 重视可持续增长的长远性和区域性

23 Job-housing balance 1. reducing traffic volumes 2. decreasing the use of energy resources and air pollution 3. increasing the efficiency of economic functions of cities 4. improving the living standards of residents 就业 - 居住平衡 1. 降低交通流量 2. 降低能源和资源使用量以及减少空气污染 3. 提高城市的经济效益 4. 提高居民的生活质量

24 Compact development 1. reducing infrastructure costs 2. increasing the effective demand for urban transport 3. improving land use capacity 4. containing urban sprawl 5. intensifying urban economic, social and cultural activities 紧凑型发展 1. 降低基础设施建设的成本 2. 增加城市交通的有效需求 3. 提高土地的使用效益 4. 遏制城市的蔓延 5. 增强城市的经济社会和文化功能

25 Urban Poverty low income and high unemployment informal housing in squatter settlements poor health and education inadequate access to electricity, clean drinking water, sanitation and other basic services 城市贫穷收入低, 失业率高住房条件差健康和受教育程度低缺乏电力清洁饮用水环境卫生等基本服务设施

26 The mandate of : To promote economically, socially and environmentally sustainable cities and towns 总部 : 肯尼亚内罗毕联合国人类住区计划署职责 : 促进城镇经济社会和环境的可持续发展

27 Habitat Agenda: Adequate housing for all Sustainable human settlements development 人居议程的两大目标 : 1. 为所有人提供合适的住房 2. 实现人类住区的可持续发展

28 Millennium Development Goals To achieve a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by 2020 联合国千年发展目标至 2020 年, 至少明显改善 1 亿贫民窟居民的生活

29 Millennium Development Goals To reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015 联合国千年发展目标至 2015 年, 把无法持续获得安全饮用水基本环境卫生的人数减少一半

30 Water for African Cities Water for Asian Cities Programmes to assist cities in Africa and Asia to create an enabling environment to improve pro-poor water and sanitation services through enhanced flow of investment, education and capacity building. 非洲城市水项目和亚洲城市水项目, 协助非洲和亚洲的城市创造良好的环境, 通过增加投资教育和能力建设, 改善面向贫民的供水和环境卫生的服务

31 Global Urban Observatory, to assist countries and cities in collecting, analyzing and using urban indicators and statistical data for the improvement of urban development policies. Slum Trends in Asia by Country, 亚洲各国贫民窟状况, MDM Stutas by country Little progress 进展少 Progress 进展中 On track 进展顺利 Not analyzed 没有分析全球城市观察站, 帮助国家及城市收集分析和运用城市的指标和统计数据, 以改进城市的发展政策

32 Knowledge share, City-tocity Cooperation, Best Practices and Good Policies, Urban Safety and Security, local democracy and decentralization. 知识分享城市与城市合作最佳范例与良好政策最佳范例与良好政策城市安全地方民主和权利下放

33 To build a better future for generations to come. 努力为我们的子孙后代创建一个更好的未来

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36 Thank you for your attention 谢谢大家 44th

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1 2 3 Why Kyoto University 1 2 3 9 Kyoto 49.6 50,000 100,000 44.2 100,000 200,000 6.2 International Graduate Programme for East Asia Sustainable Economic Development Studies Undergraduate International Course