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1 GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH Vol127, No12 Mar1, , 2, 1 (11, ; 21, ) : Landsat MSS TM ETM, ( ), : (1) 1979,, (2) (3) 3, (4) 3 (5),, T : ; ; ; ; : (2008) [1 ],, 20,,, [2 ],,,, [ 3 10 ], [11,12 ], [13 ] ;, GIS [8,12 ],, : ; : : ( ) ; (2006A610077) ; ( XK ) : (19732),,,, E2mail :

2 276 27,, [14 18 ], [19 ],,,,,,, 9365km 2,,, [ 20 ],, (MSS) 1990 ( TM) 1995 ( TM) 2000 ( ETM) 2005 ( TM) ,, 1, 1979 MSS 2000 ETM 30m 30m 1 10,,, 3 ( ) 2, [21 ], 5 ( 3 1) 212, 1979, : (1) U v, U v = U pa - U oa t : U v, U pa, U oa, t ( ) (2) U i, [16 ] U i = U ea 100 t L ta : U i, U ea, t ( ), L ta (1) (2)

3 2 : 277 (3), (3) [22 ] : D, A, D = 2ln P / ln A (3) 4 P ( t), D D, D, ; D, (4),,, (4) [18 ] B i = { x : d ( x,ui) R} (4) : B i, x, U i, d x U i, R ( : km 2 ) 17126km 2, km 2, , Tab11 Area of urbanized land in Ningbo city from 1979 to 2005 ( unit : km 2 ) 8188 km 2 / a , ( 1, 2) , ( 1, 2) 1979,, 8716 %,,, ,, ,,,,, Tab1 2 Growth speed and growth intensity of urbanized land in Ningbo from 1979 to : km 2 / a

4 km ,, km km km ,, , km km km , ( 2),, ,, , , ,, , 1979, 313 3, Tab1 3 Fractal dimension of urbanized land in Ningbo city -,, , 115 ( 3) , ,, 1995,, 3, ( 3), , 1km, ,, ( 2 4), 1979,,, ( E N E 1, 8 ),,, km km 2, km , 5km, 2 3 km, 3132km ,, 3 4km, 6199km ,, 4 5km

5 2 : km , 7 8km, km 2 ; 4 10km, 710 km 2 2 Fig1 2 The change of urbanized land area and growth intensity in Sanjiang district 2, , ,, 2 3km 2 3km 5 6km 5 6km ( 5), , 2km 2km km, 1153km , 1 2km 2197km ,, 3 4km 3195 km ,, 6 7km, 3167 km 2 ; 2 8km 1160km , 0 1km 1 2km 2 3km 3 4km ( 3) ( 5), Fig13 The change of urbanized land area and growth intensity in Zhenhai district , 1km, 0124km km, 0159km

6 , 1 4km, 1 2km, 2187km ,, ,, 2 7km 4 5km, 9109 km 2 ( 4) , , , 0 1km 0 1km 1 2km 3 4km 2 3, 5 Fig1 5 Quadrant analyzing of urbanization 329 ( 5 ) land spatial expansion 8 ( 5) ( 1979 ),,,, 1000, ( 892 ),,,,

7 2 : 281,,,,, 3,, ,,,,,,, ( ) 20 70,, 1974,,,,,, 1979, 5km, km,, km 2, 2km km 3160km 2, ( ) ( ),,, 38km, ,,,, 1995,,,,,, 2 3km 3 4km 4 5km km km km km km km 2, 5 8km,,, 2 4km 6146 km 2, 2 6km, 9102km 2, ( ) ( ),,,,

8 282 27,,,,,,, , 3 8km, 23km , 3 8km, 48186km 2, 8 11km, km km, 9146 km 2 ; 5 7km, km , 2 7km, km 2 ; 7 10km, 4180 km km 11107km 2 6 8km 1137km km, 35111km 2,,,,, T ( 2005 ),, 2005,,,,,,,,,,,,,, T 4 (1) 1979, ,,

9 2 : 283 3, (2) 3,, 329, 4 1, 2 3, 329 ( 5 ) 8 (3),,,, T : [ 1 ] Barney Cohen1 Urban growt h in developing countries : A review of current trends and a caution regarding existing forecast s1 World Development, 2004,32 (1) : [ 2 ] Martin Herold, Noah C Goldstein, Keit h C Clarke1 The spatio2temporal form of urban growt h : Measurement, a2 nalysis and modeling1 Remote Sensing of Environment, 2003,86 (3) : [ 3 ] Turner B L II, Clark W C, Kates R W, et al1 The Eart h as transformed by human action : Global and regional changes in the biosphere over the past 300 years1 Cambridge, New York : Melbourne &Sydney Press, [ 4 ] Kaya S, Curran P J1 Monitoring urban growt h on t he European side of t he Istanbul metropolitan area : A case study1 International Journal of Applied Eart h Observation and Geoinformation,2006, 8 (1) : [ 5 ] Huiping Liu, Qiming Zhou1 Developing urban growt h predictions from spatial indicators based on multi2temporal images1 Computers, Environment and Urban Systems,2005,29 (5) : [ 6 ] Weber C, Puissant1 A1 Urbanization pressure and modeling of urban growt h : Example of t he Tunis Metropolitan Area1 Remote Sensing of Environment, 2003, 86 (3) : [ 7 ],,, 1 1, 2004, 59 (3) : [ 8 ],,, 1 GIS 1, 2003,22 (6) : [ 9 ],,, 1 1, 2007,26 (6) : [ 10 ],, 1 1, 2003,22(6) : [ 11 ],,, 1 1,2007,9 (5) : [ 12 ],,, 1 GIS,,2007,9 (5) : [ 13 ] 1 1,2003,20 (9) : [ 14 ],, 1 1,2004,19(4) : [ 15 ] 1 1, 2000,55 (6) : [ 16 ],,, ,21 (1) : [ 17 ],,, 1 1, 2004, 59 (3) : [ 18 ],,, 1 1,2007, 62 (4) : [ 19 ] 1-1,1996,16 (2) :32 371

10 [ 20 ] 1 1, 1998,13(2) : [ 21 ], 1 1, 2003,22 (1) : [ 22 ],,, ,2005,60 (5) : Spatio2temporal characteristics of urbanized area growth and outer spatial f orm evolution of group port city :Taking Ningbo city as a case L I Jia2lin 1, ZHU Xiao2hua 2, ZHAN G Dian2fa 1 (11 Coastal Resources and Environment Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo China ; 21 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS,Beijing ,China) Abstract :Ningbo, classic group city, is t he central city of the sout h Yangtze River Delta and is one of t he economically developed coastal areas1 Since t he late 1970s, it s urbaniza2 tion process has been quickened greatly, which resulted in substantial increase in bot h ur2 ban areas and urbanization intensity1 The landsat MSS, TM/ ETM satellite images, which were respectively acquired in five periods of 1979, 1990,1995,2000 and 2005, were used to ext ract urban land informatio n and analyze urban growt h data wit h t he help of remote sensing and GIS soft ware1 We analyzed t he spatio2temporal characteristics including urban growt h speed, growt h intensity and f ractal dimension1 Additionally, outer spatial form of urban expansion in Ningbo city was also analyzed1 The result s are as follows1 (1) From 1979 to 2005, the growt h speed and t he growt h intensities of urbanized area in Ningbo city were accelerating o bvio usly1 To t he t hree dist rict s, t here are so me differences in t he growt h speeds and intensities1 (2) The f ractal dimensio ns of urbanized land st ruct ure were fluctuant and relating to t he growt h process of urbanized land1 When t he shape of urban2 ized land tends to be regular, t he fractal dimension will decrease1 (3) The mode position of index of t he growth intensities related to shape centre of the urbanized land tends mov2 ing toward t he out side1 But the change of t he mode value differs f rom each ot her in t he t hree district s1 (4) The direction of spatial expansion of urbanized land was obviously re2 lated to transplanting of port and t he develop ment of port economy1 (5) Wit h the trans2 planting of Ningbo port from river port, estuary port to coastal port, t he evolvement of outer spatial form of Ningbo city was f rom t he type of single central city wit h river port, enclave group city of est uary port wit h " one city and one town", enclave group city of coastal port wit h "one city and two towns" and discontinuity zonal city of coastal port wit h "one city and many towns"1 Finally, the " T2shaped" outer spatial form of modern Ningbo city composed of towns along t he coast and towns along t he Yong jiang River will come in2 to being1 Key words :urbanized land ; spatio2temporal characteristic ; group port city ; spatial form e2 volution ; Ningbo

274 28, [2,3 ],,,,,,,, /, : (O ECD) PSR ( Pressure2State2Response) [47 ], [812 ], MA [2,3,13 ], 1990 (O ECD) PSR, ; ; / PSR, [1417 ] (MA) 2000, 2005,

274 28, [2,3 ],,,,,,,, /, : (O ECD) PSR ( Pressure2State2Response) [47 ], [812 ], MA [2,3,13 ], 1990 (O ECD) PSR, ; ; / PSR, [1417 ] (MA) 2000, 2005, 28 2 2009 3 GEO GRA P HICAL RESEA RCH Vol128, No12 Mar1, 2009,, (, 100101) : (MA),, 4 15 75, ;;,,, ;, : ; ; ; : 100020585 (2009) 0220273211 1,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 2005 [1 ], 4 16, 18 - - - 15123km 2, 21 %,