Microsoft Word - 24 钱耀森.doc

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1 44 1 Vol.44, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Jan., 2013 (Octopus minor) * ( ; ) ,,, , 9 125, 13 20mm, 4 6mm 72 89d, 20,,, 21d; XIX, 65d, mm, 25 31mm,,, Q Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920),,,,,,,, (, 1988),,,, (, 2010),,, (, 2008;, 2000, 2001) ( 瀧巖, 1944) (Seol et al, 2007) (, 2009;, 2010;, 2010; Zuo et al, 2011) (, 2008) (, 1942),, :,, ,,, , , 5.7m 2.8m 0.7m, 0.5m PVC 21 25, 28 31,, 2, 160, 1h 1 ;,, (Canon A650), (XTB-1B) 10, *, , ,, qianyaosen@163.com :,,, xdzheng@ouc.edu.cn : , :

2 , 3% 5%, 2 2.1,,, 15d,, ( 1a) ( 1b),, 13 20mm, 4 6mm, g, 9 125,,,, 85% ( 1b),, 2 3h, 20h 2.2, Naef(1928), 20 ( 2), : (1 8d):,, ( ) ( 2-1) (9 10d):,,, ( 2-2) 1 Fig.1 Spawned eggs of O. minor under the artificial conditions a. ; b. (11 13d):,, ( 2-3) (14 16d):,, ( 2-4) (17 18d):,, ( 2-5) (19 20d):,, 20d,,,, ( 2-6) (21 23d):,, 2 3h,,,,,,, 10 /min( 2-7) (24 25d):,,,,, 7 /min( 2-8) (26 27d):,,,,, 5 /min( 2-9) (28 30d):,,,, ;, 9 /min ( 2-10) (31 32d):,, ; ;, 11 /min( 2-11) (33 35d):, ; 2 3 ;, ; ;

3 1期钱耀森等: 人工条件下长蛸(Octopus minor)繁殖习性及胚胎发育研究图2 Fig 长蛸胚胎发育 Embryonic development of O. minor 卵黄囊有节律的收缩, 一部分外卵黄由口进入胴体一步变大, 肝上色素细胞数目进一步增大增多, 在外内, 形成内卵黄内卵黄位于胴体后方, 光镜下呈淡部光源的照射下, 色素斑出现大小变化; 外卵黄囊收黄色; 胴背部出现多个黄色的色素细胞; 外卵黄囊收缩更慢, 几乎观察不到; 鳃心有规律的交互跳动, 约缩约 4 次/min, 收缩明显变慢, 左右鳃心出现有规律 62 次/min(图 2-15) 地交互收缩, 频率约 40 次/min; 可以观察到胴体的收缩, 鳃清晰可见(图 2-12) 第 XVI 期(46 48d): 眼呈金属光泽, 内卵黄体积继续变大, 外卵黄囊体积逐渐变小, 外卵黄还剩下第ⅩⅢ期(36 38d): 眼为黑色, 第一对腕背面原来的 3/5; 外卵黄囊不再收缩, 鳃心有规律的交互出现 5 8 个色素斑, 腕可自由活动; 胴体腹部两侧跳动, 约 59 次/min, 胴体部后方出现 5 6 个大小不各出现 2 3 个色素细胞; 外卵黄囊有规律的收缩, 约同的色素斑, 每个腕上都分布有色素斑, 第一对腕的 4 次/min; 左右鳃心有节律的交互跳动, 频率 50 次/min 吸盘数个(图 2-16) (图 2-13) 第 XVII 期(49 51d): 腕上出现两行皮下色素细第 XIV 期(39 41d): 眼仍为黑色; 腕可以在卵胞; 内卵黄继续变大, 外卵黄进一步消耗, 体积约为内自由活动; 墨囊位于内卵黄囊腹侧, 开始生成墨汁; 原来的 1/2; 皮下色素细胞因环境变化而变化; 胚胎外卵黄囊有节律的收缩变慢, 约 3 4 次/min; 两侧的在卵内活跃, 左右鳃心同时跳动, 频率约 64 次/min 鳃心有规律的交互跳动, 约 60 次/min(图 2-14) (图 2-17) 第 XV 期(42 45d): 眼呈黑色; 腕可以在卵子内第 XVIII 期(52 64d): 内卵黄变大, 外卵黄囊进自由活动, 此时第一对腕的吸盘数约 25 个; 胴体进一步缩小, 体积为原来的 1/3; 卵体积变大, 体积比

4 /3, ; ; ; 60 /min, ( 2-18) XIX ( 65d):,,, 1/6,, 60 /min ( 2-19) XX (66 89d):,,,, 8 14 /min, 58 /min, ( 2-20), 6 15d 72d, 1 2s ( 2-21), 8 10h, ( 3) g, cm, cm 4, 71 75,,, 2.3,, 21 25,, 21d,, 2 3h, 1/10, ( 4),, Fig.3 3,, 4 Fig.4 Unturned egg in stage XIX,,,,,,,, 2 3s 3 Number of heart beating and outer yolk sac activity at each development stage of O. minor 3.1 (, 2009;, 2010),,,, 21 25, 72 89d, (1942) 60d,, , 25 35d(, 2011); 23, 14 15d(, 2002); 23 24, blueringed Octopus 35d (Overath et al, 1974),,, Paroctopus conispadiceus (Ito, 1983),, ;, (, 2011), Boletzky(1977),, 10% 12%, 12%,, 10% 3.2, (, 2010) (, 1983;, 2011)

5 1 : (Octopus minor) 169 Octopus mimus (Warnke, 1999) blue-ringed Octopus (Overath et al, 1974) Octopus aegina (Ignatius et al, 2006) Octopus tetricus (Joll, 1978) Elendone cirrosa (Mangold et al, 1971) Paroctopus conispadiceus (Ito, 1983), (Boletzky, 1971),,, 1/10,, Octopus tetricus (Joll, 1978) Ignatius (2006) Boletzky(1971),,,,,,,,,, (, 1988), 50 (Mangold, 1983), (72 89d),,,,,,, , 17(6): ,,, , 43(4): 77 84,,, (Octopus variabilis) COI., 41(2): ,,, , 5: 15 16,,, (Sepiella maindroni)., 41(1): 39 46, :, 9(3): ,,, (Octopus vulgaris)., 42(2): ,,, , 16(3): ,,, , 34(12): 14 18,,, Octopus variabilis., 39(6): ,,, (Octopus variabilis) COI., 41(3): ,, , 13(4): ,, , 25(7): 38 41, :, , , On the ecology of Octopus variabilis typicus (Sasaki), with special reference to its breading habits. The Malacological Society of Japan, 9 20, 発 ( ). :, 瀧巖, 關 (2): [in Japanese]. 貝類學雜誌, 13(5 8): Boletzky S V, Rotation and first reversion in Octopus embryo. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 27: Boletzky S V, Post-hatching behavior and mode of life in cephalopods. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 38: Ignatius B, Srinivasan M, Embryonic development in Octopus aegina Gray, Current Science, 91(8): Ito H, Some observations on the embryonic development of Paroctopus conispadiceus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Bulletin of the Hokkaido Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, Joll L M, Observations on the embryonic development of Octopus tetricus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 29: Mangold K, Food, feeding and growth in cephalopods. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 44: Mangold K, Boletzky S, Frosch D, Reproductive biology and embryonic development of Eledone cirrosa (Cephalopoda: Octopoda). Marine Biology, 8: Naef A, Die Cephalopoden (Embryologie). Fauna Flora Golf Neapel, 35: Overath H, Boletzky S V, Laboratory observations on spawning and embryonic development of a blue-ringed Octopus. Marine Biology, 27: Seol D W, Lee J W, Im S Y et al, Clove oil as an anaesthetic for common Octopus (Octopus minor). Aquaculture

6 Research, 38: Warnke K, Observations on the embryonic development of Octopus mimus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from northern Chile. The Veliger, 42(3): Zuo Z R, Zheng X D, Yuan Y et al, Development and characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci in Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920). Conservation Genetics Resources, 3(3): STUDIES ON THE REPRODUCTIVE HABIT AND EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF OCTOPUS MINOR UNDER THE ARTIFICIAL CONDITIONS QIAN Yao-Sen 1, ZHENG Xiao-Dong 1, LIU Chang 1, WANG Pei-Liang 2, LI Qi 1 (1. Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, ; 2. Mashan Group Co. Ltd., Weihai, ) Abstract Octopus minor (Sasaki, 1920) is one of the most important economic cephalopods in China. Artificial reproduction was studied during the period of in the Swan Lake of Rongcheng, Shandong Province. The results showed that egg length of O. minor was 13 20mm in long diameter and 4 6mm in short diameter. The number of spawned eggs ranged from 9 to 125. The females had the behavior of protecting eggs. The embryonic development lasted for days before hatching under the conditions of the seawater temperature of and the salinity of The process of embryonic development was divided into 20 stages by characteristic changes, such as cleavage, blastula formation, gastrula formation, organ rudiment formation as well as twice embryo reverses. The first reverse took place on Stage in the Day 21, and embryos turned from animal pole to vegetal pole. The second one happened on Stage XIX in Day 65. And more than twice reverses were also observed. The mantle length and total length of hatching larvae were mm and 25 31mm, respectively. The larvae lived benthic directly. Key words Octopus minor, Reproductive habit, Embryonic development

Microsoft Word - 22 栗志民.doc

Microsoft Word - 22 栗志民.doc 44 6 Vol.44, No.6 2013 11 OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Nov., 2013 (Argopecten irradians concentricus) * 1 1 2 2 (1. 524025; 2. 524022) 2011 10 2012 4 (Argopecten irradians concentricus),,,,,,,, (P