M3 3. M M3 7. M ~ M M M

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爪吕
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1 * KEY WORDS Gansu Province Zhou Dynasties Near East Pointed cap Hu barbarians ABSTRACT Hu refers to the ethnic groups living outside the frontiers of North-west China especially in Central Asia and West Asia after the Han period. Artifacts likeji halberd with a hook spike mounted on a long shaft ge halberd with tube-like socket and sickle-like daggers have been discovered from tombs at the Baicaopo cemetery dating to the Western Zhou period and Majiayuan cemetery dating to the Warring States period. Along with these artifacts iconographies of Caucasian and figures wearing a pointed cap and garment with left-sided buttoning lappet of these periods-especially the iconography of a human figure with a pointed cap craved on a bone tube that is stored at the Gansu Provincial Museum-also have been found. These types of artifacts and the pointed-cap were both originated from the Near East and spread to China during the Zhou Dynasties. These artifacts were even broadly spread during the 6 th century B. C. throughout the Eurasian Steppe. After the Han Dynasty pointed cap became an iconic hallmark of Non-Huaxia ethnic groups living in Central Asia and the Near East * 10jJJD &151

2 M3 3. M M3 7. M ~ M M M

3 TiglathpileserⅢ ~ 727BC 3 19 Mari 14 3 Kültepe Nineveb Ashburnasirpal Ⅱ 884 ~ 859BC Nimrud SargonⅡ 726 ~ 705BC 2 20 Sennacherib 704 ~ 681BC 21 4 Ashur- banipal 668 ~ 631BC ~ 2300

4 Deirez-Zor Apadana Abydos Nabonidus 556 ~ 539BC BC 539 Merodach-baladan 723 ~ 711BC Staatliche 550 ~ Museen

5 Solokha ~ 490BC Behisitun 520 ~ 519BC Persipolis ArtaxerxesⅠ 359 ~ 338BC ~ ~ Kul Oba 570 ~

6 64 1. Staatliche Museen Merodach-baladan 2. nabonidus ~ ~ ~ ~ Stavropol Klin-Yar

7 Ziwijie 6 7

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9 67 1. M J ~ J Head D The Achaemenid Persian Army Dewsubry Mment- 44 vert press pp. 46 fig d. 13 John Curtis Nigel Tallis Forgotten Empire Ancient Persia. London The British Museum 2005 fig fig. 5-c. Assyrian Place Sculpture. Lobdon The British Mu- Benzel York The Metropolitan Museum of Art Press 4 16 Vassos Karageorghis Metropolitan Museum of Art Press 2000 pp65 17 Julian Reade Press 2009 pp Paul Collins seum Press 2008 pp lishing Co 1994 pp J J Hamblin. W. J Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC. London and New York Routledge press 2006 pp. 68 fig2-a.. fig. 2-f e. NHK 1988 fig.. M The World of pp Prudence O. Happer Evelyn Klengel-Brandt Joan Aruz Kim Discoveries at Ashur on the Tigris Assyrian Origin. New 1995 pp. 61. Ancient Art from Cyprus. New York The fig Assyrian Sculptur. London The British Museum 23 Wolf von Soden The Ancient Orient. Wm. B. ERdmans Pub- 24 I. L. Finkel and M. Seymour Babylon Myth and Reality. London The British Museum Press 2009 fig fig c.

10 fig Joan Aruze et al The Golden Deer of Eurasia Scythian and Sarmatian Treasure From the Russia Steppes. New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art Yale University Press 2000 pp pp. 31 pp pp. 59 fig pp John Curtis and Miroslaw Kruszynski ancient Caucasian and Ralated Material in The British Museum The British Museum Occasional Paper No pp. 68 Fig Gleba M You Are What You Wear Scythian Costume as Identity. In Gleba M. et al. eds Dressing the past costume through 21st century eyes Ancient Textile Series 3. pp15 fig. 22 Oxford Oxbow Books Asklod I. Ivantchik 'Scythin'Archers on Archaic Attic Vases Problems of Interpretation 2006 Ancient Civilizations Im Zeichen Des Goldenen Greifen Konigsgraber Des Skythen Berlin 2007 pp Fig Karl Jettmar Art of The Steppes. Methune & Co. Ltd 1967 pp. 52 fig fig fig pp. 44 fig M J C C 櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥櫥 M. 15. J J J M139 J M M. 18. M M M M J M. 20. M M M M M M A592 A M M M

46 Sophie Legrand

46 Sophie Legrand 2014 3 45 * 130012 KEY WORDS Shang culture Eurasian Steppe Metallurgical region ABSTRACT The research illustrates that the Early Shang was the period when the Central Plains and Northern Cultures integrated