, ,,,, ,,, 1997,,, 1997,,,,,,, , ( ESDI) , ,, ,1999,, :, Mehmet Hakan Yavuz, Turk

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1 : 1963, /, 2002,,,, : 1963,,,40, / ,, ,,,,,??, ,, 1973, 22,

2 , ,,,, ,,, 1997,,, 1997,,,,,,, , ( ESDI) , ,, ,1999,, :, Mehmet Hakan Yavuz, Turk Islami Cozummu, in Zaman, March 7, Douglas Frantz, Military Bestrides Turkey s Path to EU, in The New York Times, January 14,2001.

Yavuz, Turk Islami Cozummu, in Zaman, March 7, 2002.

3 , 18 11,, : ,? 1963, /,? :,,,, 1.,, 1999,,21,, :68. 7 %, 9. 9 % :72. 5 %,20. 9 %, 2002 Regular Report on turkey s Progress towards Accession, http :/ / europa. eu. int / comm / enlargement. Ibid.. : 43,http :/ / www. people. com. cn. :, Hasan Kosebalaban, Turkey s EU Membership : A Clash of Security Cultures, in Middle East Policy, Vol. IX, No. 2, June 2002, p Ibid..

opa. eu. int / comm / enlargement. Ibid.. : 43,http :/ / www. people. com. cn.

4 ,, 19,,,, ( ),,,,,, 250,, 3.,, :,, :,,,,,,,,, 1952, 70, : Geoffrey Kemp and Janice Gross Stein, Power Keg in the Middle East : The Struggle for Gulf Security, Rowman and Littlefield,1995, p Malik Mufti, Daring and Caution in Turkish Foreign Policy, in Middle East Journal,No. 1 (Winter), 1998, p. 32.

5 97, ,,,,,,? ,,,,,, 1979,,,,,, 2., : ( ) ;,,1952,, 1995, : ; ; ; ;, ( ) ( ),,, Geoffrey Kemp and Janice Gross Stein,op. cit.. :, , 62,

6 ,,,,,,,,,?,, 1.,,,,,, :,,,,, :,, :, , 17 : :, :? 21,, , 191

7 99,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,, 1992, :,, , 63 : - :,, :, , 46

8 :,,1991,51 %, 8 % : 1995,, 9 11,,,,,, ,, 9 11,,, 3. 21,, , 12 :,, :,, , , 239, 235 Nicole Pope Istanbul, Time for Harmony, in Middle East International,February 2002,p. 11. :,, , 177

21,, 1991 3, 12 :,, :,, 2002 1, 235-236, 239, 235 Nicole

9 101 ;,, ;,,,?,,,,? 1.,1993, : , ; ,,, ,,, , 2.,,, : :, 2001, 538 Mujeeb R. Khan and M. Hakan Yavuz, Bringing Turkey into Europe, in Current History, March 2003, p. 120.

12, 2.,,, : :, 2001, 538 Mujeeb R. Khan and M.

10 ,, 90 %,,, 3.,,,, 4.,,,,,,,, :,,,,, Mujeeb R. Khan and M. Hakan Yavuz,op. cit. 1 :, , 95 :?, Frank Wiechler, Die Erweiterung der Europaeischen Union : Eine Herausforderung, Textsamm2 lung AGENDA 2000, Nomos Verl, Baden2Badenm 1998, p. 16. : :,

, 2002 12 12 12 Frank Wiechler, Die Erweiterung der Europaeischen

11 103,,,,, 2002, : ,,,,,,,,, ; ;,, ;,,2001,,, ( :, ; [ ], : ) Hasan Kosebalaban, op. cit., p :,,, 194

12 sovereignty transfer of the EU member states ; the functions of the EU institutions and the status of the EU as an international law identity. It argues that the EU is a highly inte2 grated regional organization with supranational features, and a combination of both supra2 national and intergovernmental institution, or to be more exact, quasi2federal polity. 93 Turkey s Road to the EU LI Mantian GAO Haji Since 1963 Turkey has got on the long and arduous road to the EC/ EU. Yet on the Copenhagen EU Summit Meeting in 2002 while ten countries were accepted into the EU, Turkey was once again denied the membership. The membership of Turkey has become a difficult issue to the EU and it reflects the relationship among the EU, Turkey and US. Nevertheless, the relationship has changed delicately after the war of Iraq and Turkey s road to the EU has become brighter. This paper examines the relationship from the as2 pects of geopolitics and clash of civilizations, as well as their influences on Turkey s EU membership. 104 Individualism Versus Collectivism : Social Welfare Theory in Europe and America LIU Jitong Welfare State is an important character of contemporary capitalist society, while wel2 fare theory is a classical topic of social theory studies and a hot area of social science studies. The welfare practices of European and American countries bring about rich and colorful theories of social welfare. This paper aims to make a systematic introduction and thorough analysis of the social welfare theories in Europe and America by compara2 tive studies on key theoretical controversies. 116 Impact s of Social Security Reform upon National Savings in UK ZHENG Bingwen HU Yunchao The reform on economic system in the UK since 1980s has been successful on the whole, and the pension system reform is an important part of the macro - economic re2 form. This paper examines the impacts of pension policy reform upon households sav2 ings in the UK by theoretical and empirical analysis. It argues that since the reform, especially since the implementation of Personal Pension Scheme, owing to the substi2 tution effects between accumulations of other household assets and PPS, it is difficult to carry out quantitative analysis on the influence of the changed households assets up2 on households savings. However, some empirical studies indicate that 70 % of the ac2 cumulation in the PPS are the new wealth from the contracted out of the SERPS, and the net increase of national savings takes around 0. 2 % of the GDP since the implemen2

quasi2federal polity. 93 Turkey s Road to the EU LI Mantian GAO Haji Since 1963 Turkey has got on the long and arduous road to the EC/ EU.

~ 05 55% / 4 04 IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia January 05 p.. BP

~ 05 55% / 4 04 IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Middle East and Central Asia January 05 p.. BP 05 Nov. 05 6 Arab World Studies No. 6 04 04 0 05 05 ~ 06 00007 67-56 05 06-0045 - D85 A 04 05 05 7 http / /forex. hexun. com / 05-0 - 7 /744678. html 45 05 6 04 0 04 0 04 6 04 9 ~ 05 55% 04 05 0 04 60