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14 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,?,??,,,,,,,,, 2004 :, ,2004 :,, 1997 :,, 2003 :,,,2004 :,,1997 : 2020 :,, 2002 : :,,2003 : :,,2004 :,,2002 : Hansmann, Henry B., 1980, The Role of Nonprofit Enterprise, Yale Law Journal, Vol. 89 (April) : Pilichowski, Elsa, 2004, The Reform of Public Service Units in China the Experience of OECD Member Countries in Organizational Change, Background Report Prepared for the World Bank in August Rose2Ackerman, Susan, 1996, Altruism, Nonprofits and Economic Theory, Journal of Economic Literature, XXXIV, June. Schick, Allen, 2004, Modernizing the State : Restructuring China s PSUs and Delivering Public Services, Background Report Prepared for the World Bank. World Bank, 2000, China : Managing Public Expenditures for Better Results, Washington, D. C. World Bank, 2004, Citizens, Politicians and Providers : The Latin American Experience with Service Delivery Reform, Draft Report, Washington, D. C. ( 23 ) 17

15 ,,,,,,;,,,,, : (1),,, ; (2) ; (3),,, ; (4) ; (5), ; (6) (: ) ( : ) ( 17 ) China : Deepening Public Service Unit Reform to Improve Service Delivery (The World Bank) Abstract:PSU performance is crucial for improving service delivery in the public sector to a level commensurate with China s stated goals of a Xiaokang society and people centered development. Past reform efforts, aiming to push PSUs into the market, have achieved much, but at the same time introduced undesirable incentives in services delivery. Improving service delivery will require a far2reaching reform process that should include a reconsideration of the role of the state and divestment from commercial activities, revamping public finance for public services, allowing for more non2state supply of public goods, improving accountability relationships within the public sector, and stepping up performance management and monitoring. Given the complexity and diversity of PSUs it is crucial for such reforms to be designed and implemented with full consideration of sectoral and regional circumstance, as well as their impact on employees. Creation of a central, multi2ministerial task force to guide and monitor reforms may well be desirable. Key Words :Public Service Unit ; Public Service ; Reform JEL Classification : H100,P350 (: ) ( : ) 23

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