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1 JOU RNAL O F COM PU T ER R ESEA RCH & D EV ELO PM EN T V o l138n o11 Jan 2001 ( I II) ( ) (zzzhao@xm u edu cn) T P301 THE BR IEF RESEARCH REPORT ON THE COGN IT ION OF COM PUTER SC IENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ZHAO Zh i2zhuo (D ep artm ent of Comp uter S cience X iam en U niversity X iam en ) Abstract T he cogn ition of com puter science and techno logy is very inpo rtan t fo r studying com 2 puter science and p redicting the develop ing direction s of com puter science in fu tu re In th is pa2 per the developm en t m ain lines characteristics and in ternal inheren t law are review ed and sum 2 m arized and the cogn itive p rocess fo r com puter science and techno logy is exp lained from the per2 spective of scien tific ph ilo sophy A series of new concep ts and idea fo r exam p le the essen tial p rob lem typ ical m ethod and typ ical in stance m athem aticalization fo r m ode of th ink ing co re2 cou rses fo r graduates and in ten sive m odel fo r studying com puter science are p ropo sed and dis2 cu ssed T he research p rogress of m ethodo logy fo r com puter science and techno logy is ou tlined and its influence on the research and education of com puter and techno logy is discu ssed Key words m ethodo logy essen tial p rob lem paradigm s co re2concep t typ ical m ethod typ ical in stance m athem aticalization fo r m ode of th ink ing 1 20 ( ) : : C014 ( )

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5 1 : ( I II) 5 3 VL S I 2 5 (1) (2) ( )

6 (3) ( ) (4) T ran sputer 50 T ran sputer ( ) CSP (5) 1991 IEEEgCS A CM 91 [ ] ( 91 ) 91 [ 2 5 ] 3

7 1 : ( I II) [ ] 91 3 : 91 IEEEgCS A CM 4 : 91 (1) ( ) (2) 3 ( ) ( ) (3) ( ) ( 4) ( [ 8 ] ) : (1) ( ) (2) (3) (4) ( ) 4 : (1) (2) (3) (4) ( )

8 (3) (1) 1 (com putational m odel) (com putab ility) (com putational com 2 p lex ity) (op tim um ) (sim i2 larity and duality) (2) 3 (dom ain and com puting resen tation) (h ierarchy and levels ( ) of ab straction) ( in ten sion and ex ten2 sion) ( recu rsion) ( induction) (freedom and restriction) 3 (3) (con sistency) (com p leteness) (m ono toneity) ( tran sparence) (fau lt2to leran t and secu rity) (op en2 ness) (stab ility) (robu stness) (4) (com p rom ise) (decom po sition) 3 ( in tegration) (analogy) ( inference o r 3 reason ing) ( tran sfom ation ) (ex ten sion and expan sion) (5) (type) (p rocess and th read) (sequence and concu rren t) (acto r) (b inding) (in stan tiation) (pattern m atch ing) (b ranch ing) ( ) (un ification) ( loop and it2 eration) ( reu se) (p ro toco l) (standardization) 3 2 ( ) : (1) (2) 3 ( ) ob ject) (enum eration) (fin ite rep2 ( ) (active) ( ) (virtual) (coding) 3

9 1 : ( I II) 9 [ 2 5 ] 3 ( ) [ 2 5 ] : (1) (2) 3 (3) 3 : (1) (2) 6 3 3

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13 1 : ( I II) (2) ( ) (3) A CM IEEEgCS (4) : (1)? : (2)? (3) (4)? (5) [ 2 5 ] [ 2 5 ] 4 : ( ) 4 72 (72 90 ) : : (1)? IEEEgCS A CM

14 ??? 22 (3) : ???? : D enning P J et al Computing as a discip line Comm unication on A CM (1) : : 1996 ( Zhao Zhizhuo The Education of Computing Science in U ni2 versities ( in Chinese) Beijing: Science P ress 1996) 3 : 1998 ( Zhao Zh izhuo Introduction to Computing Science ( in Chinese) Beijing: Science P ress 1998) 4 ( ) : 2000 (Zhao Zhizhuo The Education of Computer Science and Tech2 no logy in U niversity 2nd ed ( in Chinese ) Beijing: Science P ress 2000) 5 ( ) (W illiam K M artha K The D evelopm ent of Logic ( in : 2000 (Zhao Zhizhuo The Education of Computer Science and Tech2 no logy in U niversities ( in Chinese) Beijing: Science P ress 2000) 6 Gary L E P rofiling computer science m aster s p rogram s (1) : T urner A J et al A summ ary of the A CM gieee2cs Jo int Cur2 riculum Task Fo rce repo rt: Computing curricula Comm unica2 tion of A CM (6) : C ro ss g J H D enning P J et al Compo sition of the Curricu2 lum 2001 Jo int T ask Fo rce Internet Published in E lectronic F ile on the 9 L ee E A M esserschm itt D G Engineering and education fo r the future IEEE Computer 1998 (1) : A CM Curriculum 68: Recomm endations fo r undergraduate p rogram in computer science Comm unication of A CM (3) : A CM Curriculum 78: Recomm endations fo r undergraduate p rogram in computer science Comm unication of A CM Cain J T et al The IEEE computer society model p rogram in computer science and engineering Computer (4) : Engel G L A comparison of the A CM gcs and the IEEEgCSE model curriculum subcomm ittee recomm endations (12) : Computer 14 M agel K I et al Recomm endations fo r m aster s level p rogram s in computer science Comm unication of A CM (3) : 15 N ew ell A et al W hat is computer science Science N unam aker J E Educational p rogram s in info rm ation system s Comm unication of A CM (3) : N unam aker J E Info rm ation system curriculum recomm enda2 tions fo r the 80 s: U ndergraduate and graduate p rogram s Comm unication of A CM (11) : W illiam F A The developm ent of computer science education A dvances in Computer : J D : 1986 (Bernal J D The Social Function of Science ( in Chinese) Bei2 jing: Comm ercial P ress 1986) 20 H : 1991 (V on R ickert H Kulturw issenschaft and N aturw issenschaft (in Germ an) Beijing: Comm ercial P ress 1991) 21 : 1983 (W ang H ao The L ectures on M athem atical Logic Beijing: Science P ress 1983) 22 N N : 1995 Chinese) Beijing: Comm ercial P ress 1995) 23 : 2000 (H uang Kai Xu Zhiw ei Scalable Parallel Computing Techno l2 ogy A rchitecture P rogramm ing ( in Chinese) nese M achine P ress 2000) Beijing: Chi2 24 M ichael J Q D esigning Efficient A lgo rithm s fo r Parallel Com 2 puters N ew Yo rk: M cgraw 2H ill L ynch N A InD istributed A lgo rithm s M o rgan Kaufm ann 1996

1 : ( I II) 15 26 Hoare C A R Comm unicating Sequential P rocesses Engle2 wood C liffs N J: P rentice2h all 1985 27 Gerard T Introduction to D istributed A lgo rithm s Cam 2 bridge: Cam bridge U

15 1 : ( I II) Hoare C A R Comm unicating Sequential P rocesses Engle2 wood C liffs N J: P rentice2h all Gerard T Introduction to D istributed A lgo rithm s Cam 2 bridge: Cam bridge U niversity P ress Barendregt H P The L am bda Calculus: Its Syntax and Sem an2 tics 2nd ed Am sterdam: N o rth2ho lland H uang K A dvanced Computer A rchitecture: Parallelism Scalability and P rogramm ability N ew Yo rk: M cgraw 2H ill : 1992 (L u Ruqian T he Fo rm al Sem antics of Computer P rogramm ing L anguages ( in Chinese) Beijing: Science P ress 1992) ( D PCS2001) : (1) (2) (3) Internet (4) 5000 A 4 (w o rd ) D PCS2001 (1) : : : (025) ( ) ( ) : : (025) E2m ail: gchen@nju edu cn ( D PCS2001) : h ttp: ggcṡ nju edu cng gchengdpcs2001 h tm l (2) : ( ) : : (010) :

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