Microsoft Word 杨劲-二校

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1 7 3 Vol. 7 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Mar., 2016 杨劲, 李红权 *, 欧安, 黄武, 赵海军 (, ) 摘要 : 目的, 方法 ,, 结果,, 12% 11% 10% 12% 11% 10%; 6% 5.5% 5%; 2.4% 2.2% 2% 结论, 关键词 : ; ; ; Rearch of imported aquatic products dynamic lot inspection supervision mode based on the risk management YANG Jin, LI Hong-Quan *, OU An, HUANG Wu, ZHAO Hai-Jun (Zhanjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Zhanjiang , China) ABSTRACT: Objective To explore a supervision model on the basis of risk management in order to scientifically and effectively guarantee the quality and safety of imported aquatic products. Methods On the basis of statistical analysis of the data unqualified of imported aquatic products from 2010 to 2014, considering the introduction risk including the category, the country of origin, the processing method, intended use and consumer groups, the establishment of dynamic lot inspection supervision mode was explored. Results Dynamic lot inspection supervision model was preliminarily established. Model analysis showed that the risk level of imported aquatic products was medium. Corresponding to medium-risked country, low-risked country and no-risk-attentive country, their regular sampling ratio were 12%, 11% and 10%, inspection ratio of necessary-inspected items were 12%, 11% and 10%, inspection ratio of low-risked items were 6%, 5.5% and 5%, and inspection ratio of no-risk-attentive items were 2.4%, 2.2% and 2%, respectively. Conclusion The supervision mode make an intensive monitoring for the category, the country of origin and inspection items of 基金项目 : (2013IK192)(2012E0202) Fund: Supported by Scientific and Technological Projects of General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China (2013IK192) and Zhanjiang City Funds Science and Technology Projects (2012E0202) * 通讯作者 :,,, hqli1688@126.com *Corresponding author: LI Hong-Quan, Master, Senior Engineer, Zhanjiang Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Zhanjiang , China. hqli1688@126.com

2 3, : 1305 imported aquatic products, which can effectively improve the supervision efficiency. KEY WORDS: imported aquatic products; risk management; dynamic supervision; sampling ratio 1 引言,,, , %; , 5.69% [1], 40 [2], 2 国外风险分级先进经验及国内现状 2.1 国外风险分级先进经验,,, 美国, (Food and Drug Administration, FDA), 3% 5%,,,, FDA [3],,, FDA,, FDA [4-6] 日本,,,, 3%, ( 30%),,,,,,,,,,,,, [4,7,8] 2.2 国内现状, 2009 :,, 2015 : 2002

3 1306 7, A B C A :, ; ; ; ( ) B :, ; : : C :, A B A ; B C, ;,,,,, [9,10],,,,,, 50%, 20%, 5%, [11,12] 3 动态抽批检验监管模式探索 3.1 基本原理,,, [13,14],,,, 3.2 抽检项目的确定 ( 以进口海捕水产品为例 ),, : GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB NY :,, 1 Fig. 1 Dynamic lot inspection regulation process 3.3 抽检项目风险等级的确定,, (1): (R)= (1) 发生频率 ( ): 3=0.1%; 2=0.1% 0.01%; 1=0.01% 0.001%; 0= <0.001% (%)= / (2) 严重程度 1, LD 50, 2, LD 50, 235,,,

4 3, : 1307 表 1 按 LD 50 (mg/kg) 值分等级 Table 1 Classification according to the LD 50 (mg/kg) 3 LD <LD <LD LD 50 >15000 表 2 按危害程度分等级 Table 2 Classification according to the hazard degree ; 3 ;,,, 2,, 1,, 抽检项目风险分级 2, : 6 9, 3~4, 1~2, Fig. 2 Risk matrix of inspection items 3.5 进口海捕水产品抽检项目的风险等级 2010~ , (1) (2) 3 5 表 3 进口海捕水产品抽检项目的风险等级 Table 3 Risk level of inspection items in import aquatic products 2(83, %) 1 2( ) 2(59, %) 1 2( ) 1(30, %) 2 2( ) 2(66, %) 2 4( ) 2(58, %) 2 4( ) 1(21, %) 2 2( ) 1(20, %) 3 3( ) 3(941, %) 1 3( ) 1(5, %) 2 2( ) 2(47, %) 2 4( ) 0(2, %) 2 0( ) 1(18, %) 2 2( ) 1(4, %) 3 3( ) 1(10, %) 2 2( ) 0(3, %) 2 0( ) 1(16, %) 2 2( ) 0(2, %) 3 0( ) 0(3, %) 1 0( ) 1(7, %) 1 1( ) 1(8, %) 2 2( ) 1(10, %) 1 1( ) 1(5, %) 3 3( ) 0(2, %) 1 0( ) 0(1, %) 2 0( ) 1(13, 0.004%) 1 1( )

5 Table 4 表 4 进口海捕水产品中风险项目分类 Classification of the risk items in import aquatic products ( ) * ( ) * *: 4,, ;, 1434 ( ),, 941, 3;, , 2;, 1, 进口海捕水产品风险等级及基本抽样比例的确定,,, 10%, 5 表 5 基本抽样比例 Table 5 Basic sampling ratio 15% 10% 5% 2% 3.7 风险调节因子的确定和风险等级评估,, : 国别因子 (R1) 产品因子 (R2), 8,, ( 9),, ;,,, 3.8 常规抽检比例的确定,, 常规检测比例的确定,,,, 11,, 12

6 3, : 1309 Table 6 表 6 国别因子风险等级评估标准 Risk assessment standard of country factors 4% 2% 1% 0 Table 7 表 7 国别因子风险评估结果 Risk assessment result of Country factors : : 2% 1%, 0 Table 8 表 8 产品因子风险评估标准 Risk assessment standard of product factors ( ) ( ) () 3 4%, 2 2%, 1 1%, Table 9 表 9 产品因子风险评估结果 Risk assessment result of product factors -18, 0 Table 10 表 10 进口海捕水产品常规抽检比例 Common inspection ratio of import aquatic products (%) (R1) (%) (R2) (%) (%) ,

7 表 11 抽检项目的检测比例 Table 11 Inspection ratio of the items (%) 结论讨论与展望,,,,, 12% 11% 10%: ( ), 12% 11% 10%; 50%:, 6% 5.5% 5%; 20%, 2.4% 2.2% 2%,, ( ), (GB ) ,, (GB ),,,,,,, h, [15],,, 5,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, Table 12 表 12 进口海捕水产品抽检项目相应不同风险国家的常规检测比例 Common inspection ratio of the items in imported aquatic products corresponding to different-risked country (%) (%) % 11% 10% 50 6% 5.5% 5% % 2.2% 2%

3, : 1311 参考文献 [1],. [J]., 2015, (1): 108 109. Shen J, Chen PG. Problems and countermeasures faced imported food in-spection and quarantine [J]. J Eco Technol Cooperat, 2015, (1): 108 109.

Zhang SQ, LIU H, Jiao Y, et al. Introduction of imported food inspection system at U.S. Ports of Entry [J]. China Stand, 2012, (6): 34 37. [4],,. [J]., 2014, 26(6): 584 587. Li JJ, Xu HT, Wei XQ.

8 3, : 1311 参考文献 [1],. [J]., 2015, (1): Shen J, Chen PG. Problems and countermeasures faced imported food in-spection and quarantine [J]. J Eco Technol Cooperat, 2015, (1): [2] 2014, [Z]. Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine 2014 national quality and safety of imported food, April 7, 2015 [Z]. [3],,,. [J]., 2012, (6): Zhang SQ, LIU H, Jiao Y, et al. Introduction of imported food inspection system at U.S. Ports of Entry [J]. China Stand, 2012, (6): [4],,. [J]., 2014, 26(6): Li JJ, Xu HT, Wei XQ. The international experience on import food safety management and the enlightenment to China [J]. Chin J Food Hyg, 2014, 26(6): [5]. [J]., 2011, (6): Zhao YL. US food safety management of imports and comparison of the Sino-US supervision [J]. Foreign Trade Pract, 2011, (6): [6],,,. [J]., 2008, 29(11): Chen BW, Pan CS, Gao YS, et al. New maneuver of US food protection and food importation supervision and proposed countermeasures for China [J]. Food Sci, 2008, 29(11): [7]. [J]., 2010, (6): Ren ZH. Actuality analysis of Japan food safety supervision and management system [J]. Agric Econ, 2010, (6): [8]. [J]., 2008, (11): 4 7. Shi MJ. Enlightenment of Japan s imports of food safety management system to China [J]. China Agric Inf, 2008, (11): 4 7. [9],,. [J]., 2015, 1: Song YF, Yang BS, Shi L. The present situation of the aquatic products quality safety management and measures [J]. China Fisheries, 2005, (3): [11],. [J]., 2013, 23(6): Liao LX, Wang JX. Application of risk matrix in risk assessment of import and export food safety [J]. J Inspect Quarant, 2013, 23(6): [12]. [D]. :, Jiang HQ. Fujian province imported food inspection and quarantine risk management research [D]. Fuzhou: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, [13]. [J]., 2013, 3(2): 1 3. Zhao XW. Review of 2012 Chinese aquaculture products quality and safety supervision and management [J]. Chin Fish Qual Stand, 2013, 3(2): 1 3. [14],,. [J].:, 2012, 30(1): 1 4. Lin H, Li M, Cao LM. Research situation and developing tendency of aquatic products safety and quality control in China [J]. Beijing Technol Bus Univ, 2012, 30(1): 1 4. [15],,,. [A] [C]., 2009: Liu Y, Wang YL, Hu LH, et al. Research progress of toxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus and its technologies of detection in aquatic products[a]. "Asian Games food security and guangdong food industry innovation and development" academic seminar and 2009 GDIFST Symposium [C]. Guangdong, 2009: 作者简介 ( 责任编辑 : 白洪健 ) 杨劲, 硕士, 工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测及质量安全控制 @139.com Zhao SJ, Ye H, Wang S. This paper probes into the reform of inspection and quarantine supervision [J]. Economist BBS, Economist, 2015, (1): [10],,. [J]. 李红权, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要研究方向为食品安全检测及质量安全控制 hqli1688@126.com, 2005, (3):

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc 4 4 Vol. 4 No. 4 2013 8 Journal of Food Safety and Quality Aug., 2013 聂雪梅 *, 李立, 孙利, 高飞 (, 100123) 摘要 : 2011 12,, 2007~2011,,,, 关键词 : ; ; ; ; Trade and notification situation on food import and export