Microsoft Word 陈长兴-二校

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1 6 7 Vol. 6 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Jul., 2015 陈长兴 1*, 杨松 2, 林丽秋 (1., ; 2., ) 1 摘要 : 目的,, 方法, 结果,,,, 结论,, 关键词 : ; ; Comparative study of domestic and foreign quality standards for edible bird s nest CHEN Chang-Xing 1*, YANG Song 2, LIN LI-Qiu 1 (1. Fuqing Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Fuqing , China; 2. Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Fuzhou , China) ABSTRACT: Objective To enhance the understanding of consumers and competent authorities on the edible bird s nest EBN quality standards at home and abroad. To provide reference for competent authorities to strengthen import validation and market supervision for the EBN quality by comparing with the EBN quality standards of Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and China. Methods The related parameters of the EBN quality standards of the countries mentioned above were compared with each other, and the similarities and differences were analyzed. Results The EBN quality standards focused on sensory indexes, water content, microbial and nitrite limit, etc. in the main production countries, such as Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. While the EBN quality standards in China, focused on sensory index, size, moisture, protein, and sialic acid, which were classified by these indexes. Meanwhile, it had clear requirements on nitrite limit for the EBN in China. Conclusion As the world s largest country of consumption of EBN, we shall reasonably define EBN monitoring items for import validation and market supervision, and keep improving the EBN quality standards. KEY WORDS: food safety; edible bird s nest; quality standard * 通讯作者 :,,, czxfq@126. com *Corresponding author: CHEN Chang-Xing, Master, Associate Consultant, Fuqing Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau, Port Industrial Park, Qinglong Road, Fuqing , China. czxfq@126. com

2 引言 (edible bird s nest, EBN),, [1] ;,, ; 2011,, 2012,, , 30 / 150 / [2] ;,,,,, 2 国内外燕窝质量标准概况 2.1 马来西亚燕窝质量标准 ,,, 1 [3], 4 Table 1 1 Quality and authenticity requirement for raw EBN 2.5x10 6 cfu/g 1100 MPN/g 100 MPN/g MPN/g 10 cfu/g <15% 1.0 (Pb) 2 mg/kg (As) (Hg) (Cd) 0.05 mg/kg : (Sb) (Cu) 1.0 mg/kg (Fe) 0.3 mg/kg (NO 2 ) 30 mg/kg H 2 O 2 (* )() 0 * =35% H 2 O 2

3 7, : 印度尼西亚燕窝质量标准,, 2 [4.5] 2.3 泰国燕窝质量标准,,, 3 表 2 生的燕窝中生物的物理的化学的危害最高限量 Table 2 Maximum limit of biological, physical and chemical hazards for raw EBN 1.0x10 6 cfu/g 100 MPN/g 10 MPN/g /25 g 1.0x10 2 cfu/g 10 cfu/g /25 g (NO 2 ) 30 mg/kg(), No.41/Permentan/OT.140/3/ mg/kg 表 3 燕窝质量食品添加剂杀虫剂残留污染物卫生限量 Table 3 Maximum limit of quality, food additive, pesticide residues, contaminant and hygiene for raw EBN ;,, ;, ; 15%, ,, ; 30mg/kg, 1.0x10 2 cfu/g 1.0x10 3 cfu/g 1.0x10 4 cfu/g 1.0x10 3 cfu/g , (As)(Hg)(Cu)(Pb) (Sn)(Zn) [6]

4 我国燕窝质量标准 -, ( ) 30 mg/kg, GB GB GB [7.9] , (GH/T ),, 3, 20%~30% 5% 40% ; 100 mg/kg [10] 3 燕窝质量标准的比较,, 3.1 燕窝质量标准的共同点比较亚硝酸盐限量, 30 mg/kg;, 30mg/kg,, 125 mg/kg; 100 mg/kg 杂质标准 ;, -, ;,, 3.2 燕窝质量标准的不同点比较杀虫剂残留和污染物限量 ; [6], ; 微生物限量, 蛋白质和唾液酸含量,,, 5%, 40% 水分含量 15%;, 12%~15% 20%~30% 食品添加剂限量, - ;, ; GB , [11] ; 4 分析与讨论亚硝酸盐限量 30 mg/kg,,

5 7, : mg/kg,, 30 mg/kg 蛋白质氨基酸和唾液酸含量 [12], 40%;,,, [13], 46%~50%,, [14], 5% 杂质标准,, 5 ~10, 水分含量,,, ;, ;,,,, 15% 微生物限量,, ;,,,,,,,, 30, 3.5 s,,, 杀虫剂污染物限量 ;,,,,,,, 食品添加剂限量,,,,,,,, 5 小结,,,, ;,, 5.1 尽快制定国家食品安全标准 - 燕窝,, [15],

6 2608 6, 5.2 合理确定燕窝的质量标准,, (, ),, ; 加强对入境监测和后期监管 -,,, 表 4 进口燕窝检查项目与限量要求 Table 4 Inspection items and limits for import raw EBN /,,, 5 ~10 <15% 40% GH/T * 46%~50% 5% GH/T mg/kg /25 g (Pb) 2 mg/kg ** (As) (Hg) (Cd) (Sb) 0.05 mg/kg <, *,,, **,,,

7, : 2609 参考文献 [1]. [Z]. 2013-12-15. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China.

7 7, : 2609 参考文献 [1]. [Z] General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China. AQSIQ on the import of Malaysia bird's nest products inspection and quarantine requirements notice [Z] [2]. [J]., 2014, (6): Lin H. Before and after the ban on Malaysian bird's nest was lifted [J]. China ASEAN Pan, 2014, (6): [3] MS2331: 2011 Edible bird nest [S]. [4] Agricultural Quarantine Agency. Procedures of good manufacturing practices of the edible bird s nest [Z] [5] Ministry of Agriculture. Animal quarantine actions for the import or export the bird s nest into or out of the territory of republic of indonesia [Z] [6]. [M]. :, Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau of PRC. People in and out of China limits for chemical contaminants in foodstuffs in the world [M]. Beijing: China Standards Press, [7] GB [S]. GB State standard for food safety-limits for pathogenic bacteria in food [S]. [8] GB [S]. GB State standard for food safety-limits for contaminants in food [S]. [9] GB [S]. GB State standard for food safety-maximum residue limits for pesticides in food [S]. [10] GH/T [S]. GH/T Grade of edible bird s nest[s]. [11] GB [S]. GB State standard for food safety-standards for use of food additives [S]. [12] May S. : [J]., 2014, (08): May S. Malaysian bird s nest: traditional delicious food, invigorant [J]. Food Devel, 2014, (08): [13],,. [J]., 2013, 25(3): Lin XM, Zhou YS, Wang WM. Quality study on edible bird nest of Indonesia[J]. J Strait Pharm, 2013, 25(3): [14],,,. [J]., 2013, 24(1): Chen N, Liu P, Wang LL, et al. Researches on the bio-active components in edible bird s nest [J]. Let Biotechnol, 2013, 24(1): [15] [Z]. Food safety law of PRC [Z]. 作者简介 ( 责任编辑 : 杨翠娜 ) 陈长兴, 硕士, 副调研员, 主要研究方向为食品安全控制 czxfq@126. com

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc 4 4 Vol. 4 No. 4 2013 8 Journal of Food Safety and Quality Aug., 2013 聂雪梅 *, 李立, 孙利, 高飞 (, 100123) 摘要 : 2011 12,, 2007~2011,,,, 关键词 : ; ; ; ; Trade and notification situation on food import and export