Discussion 讨论 We will discuss the following today: 我们今天要讨论以下内容 : Nutrition goals for lactation and gestation 哺乳期和妊娠期的营养目标 Gilt development 后备母猪发育 Diet

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打昀倪
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1 Feeding the Reproductive Female and Using Metrics to Predict Performance 饲喂繁殖母猪并用度量指标来预测生产成绩卡美农业技术咨询有限公司简介 CARTHAGE & MHJ AGRITECH CONSULTING LIMITED INTRODUCTION 卡美农业咨询您的国际外援 CARTHAGE & MHJ AGRITECH CONSULTING YOU INTERNATIONAL BACKUP

2 Discussion 讨论 We will discuss the following today: 我们今天要讨论以下内容 : Nutrition goals for lactation and gestation 哺乳期和妊娠期的营养目标 Gilt development 后备母猪发育 Diets 饮食 Feed budgets 饲料预算 Sow metrics 母猪指标 Data reports 数据报告 What is the impact 会有怎样的影响

3 Gestation and Lactation 妊娠和哺乳 Goals in gestation are to maintain body condition of the sow and support fetal growth 目标是维持母猪在妊娠期的身体状况并且帮助胎儿生长 Establish good programs to monitor body conditions and feed programs 建立良好的项目以便监测身体状况和饲喂程序 Consider how to support nutritionally at 90 days of gestation 考虑如何在妊娠 90 天时营养支持

Do not have the desire to consume feed in lactation 在哺乳期没有食欲 Lose weight in

4 Importance of the Body Condition 身体状况的重要性 Sows that are overfed 过度饲喂的母猪 : Deposit fat in the mammary glands and limit milking ability 乳腺脂肪的增多限制泌乳能力 Do not have the desire to consume feed in lactation 在哺乳期没有食欲 Lose weight in lactation 哺乳期体重下降 Sore shoulders 肩膀酸痛 Increase feed cost post-wean 增加断奶后期饲养费用 4

5 Body Condition 身体状况 Body Condition Measurement 身体状况测量 Use objective measurement 采用客观测量方法 Target is to feed between 1.8 and 2 kg/d to a sow in good condition 目标是将母猪喂养维持在每天 1.8 到 2kg

6 相对频率(% )Bump Feeding Gilts at Day 100 of Gestation 在妊娠期妊娠 100 天时增加小母猪饲喂量体重间隔 (kgs)

7 Targets for Gestation Diet 妊娠期饮食目标 Intake goals should be: 采食量目标 : Feed intake kg/d 饲料摄取 kg/d Metabolizeable energy 3300 kcal/kg 代谢能 3300kcal/kg Total calcium (% of diet) % 总钙量 ( 饮食 % ) % Total phosphorus (% of diet) % 总磷量 ( 饮食 %) % Available phosphorus (% of diet) 0.40% 可利用磷 ( 饮食 %)- 0.40% Digestible lysine 7-16 g/day 可消化赖氨酸 -7-16g/day (based on parity and stage of gestation) ( 根据胎次和妊娠阶段 ) Targets based on 2012 Nutrient requirements of swine and 2010 Swine Nutrition Guide 目标根据 2012 年猪营养需求和 2010 年猪营养指南制定 7

8 Lactation Feeding 哺乳期喂养 Lactation feeding should be full feeding 哺乳期应该自由采食 Unlimited access to food and water 自由采食和饮水 Keep feed bowls clean and free of moldy feed 保持喂养盆的洁净和无霉变饲料 Sows should be asked to get up daily to encourage intake and to identify any health issues 要让母猪每日早起以增加饮食摄取并及时辨别健康问题

9 Lactation Feeding Programs 哺乳期喂养项目 Lactation feeding programs may vary 哺乳期喂养项目可能不同 Some groups prefer to limit feed the first 3 days after farrowing 一些小组偏向在产后前 3 天限制喂养 Other groups will full feed the day of farrowing 一些小组会在生产后执行自由采食 Monitor feed intake and adjust as needed 监测饲料摄取量并按需要及时调整 Important to record feed usage 记录饲料用量很重要

10 Daily Feed Intake in Farrowing 分娩期每日饲料摄取克数分娩后天数千3 Day Ad-libitum 3 天自由采食 6.8 kg 7 Day Ad-libitum 7 天自由采食 5.2 kg Standard 标准 4.8 kg

11 哺乳期每日饲料摄取水平千克数分娩后天数 11

12 Wean to Estrus Interval (Days) Range 1= 3.9a (n=89) Range 2= 4.3a (n=100) Range 3= 4.0a (n=27) Different letters following values indicates statistical significance (P 0.05)

13 Targets for Lactation Diet 哺乳期营养目标 Intake goals should be: 采食量目标 : Feed intake kg/d 摄取量 kg/d Metabolizeable energy 3300 kcal/kg 代谢能 -3300kcal/kg Total calcium (% of diet) % 全钙 ( 饮食 %) % Total phosphorus (% of diet) % 全磷 ( 饮食 %) % Available phosphorus (% of diet) 0.40% 可利用磷 ( 饮食 %)-0.40% Digestible lysine g/day 可消化赖氨酸 g/day (based on parity and stage of gestation) ( 根据胎次和妊娠阶段 ) Targets based on 2012 Nutrient requirements of swine and 2010 Swine Nutrition Guide 目标根据 2012 年猪营养需求和 2010 年猪营养指南制定 13

14 TID Lysine Implications TID 赖氨酸应用 By understanding requirements based on grams per day, diets can be formulated by using average daily feed intake and percent TID lysine 通过了解每日所需求克数, 可以通过平均每日饮食摄取量和 TID 赖氨酸百分比来制定饮食 CAUTION: Do not feed your herd based on average feed intake for the group 禁忌 : 不要根据小组平均采食量来饲喂畜群 Different parities will consume different amounts of feed 不同胎次会摄取不同食物量 Parity 1 females tend to eat a minimum of.5 kg less than older females per day 初胎次母猪一般会比晚出生胎次母猪每日少摄取至少 0.5kg Need to account for this reduction when calculating the digestible lysine requirement 在计算可消化赖氨酸需求时, 需要考虑这个差值

15 Gilt Development 后备母猪发育 Manage gilts with care 用心管理后备母猪 Vaccinate at timely intervals 根据间隔注射疫苗 Full feed 3.2 kg a day 自由饲喂 - 每天 3.2kg Breed at 136 kg 136kg 时进行配种

16 Gilt Development 后备发育 Diets by phase 阶段饮食 Feed amino acids according to genetic company specifications 根据育种公司具体说明喂养氨基酸 Generally, this will be the same as the grow-finish pig in terms of lysine and the amino acid ratios 一般来讲, 在生长到育肥阶段, 赖氨酸和氨基酸比率保持不变 Provide adequate energy 提供准确的能量 Do not feed low energy diets 不要喂食低能量食物 Data does not support slow growth as improving longevity 数据不支持缓慢成长和寿命延长 Provide diets that are low or no mycotoxins 喂食含量低或不含霉菌毒素的饲料

17 Gilt Development 后备发育 Vitamin/Trace mineral mix - Not a Finishing Pig 维他命 / 微量元素混合基 - 不完全成长的猪 Total calcium (0.60%), Total phosphorus (0.53%), Available phosphorus (0.35%) 全钙 (0.60%), 全磷 (0.53%), 可利用磷 (0.35%) Bone structure 骨骼结构 Organic trace minerals, Vitamin E, Biotin 天然微量元素维他命 E 生物素 Hoof development 猪蹄发育 Immune status 免疫系统 Pyroxidine & Folic acid 维生素 B6 和也叶酸 Embryo survivability 胚胎存活力 Reproductive performance 繁殖表现

18 Gilt Development 后备猪发育 Don t overcrowd 不要过度拥挤 Allow adequate feeder and water space for pen 给猪圈提供正确的喂食器和饮水空间 Implement phase feeding program and feed for growth and bone development 执行阶段喂食以促进成长和骨骼发育

19 Gilt Feed Budget 后备母猪饲料预算 Gilts should be full fed until time of breeding 后备母猪在配种前要自由采食 Do not estimate how many pounds a gilt will eat and multiply by the number of animals in the pen to determine how much feed to provide for a day 不要通过预估每个小母猪采食量然后乘以每窝小母猪总数量来提供饲料总量 Animals eat at different rates and some gilts will eat more than the average and cause others to not get enough feed 动物饮食比率不同, 有些小母猪吃的比平均多从而导致其他小母猪没有足够的饲料

20 Gilt Feeding 后备母猪饲养 Understand the flow of the barn to setup phase feeding program 了解猪舍流动顺序以设置阶段喂养计划

21 Example 案例 kg kg kg kg

22 Example 案例 Feed Budget 饲料预算 Set feed bins so that they provide feed to one group of pigs 设置饲料罐来供给每组猪的饲料 Either move pigs to next pens for the next phase or start with pens large enough to hold a breeding gilt and change feed with feed budget 或者把猪移到下一个猪舍以便于下一阶段的喂养, 或者使用足够大的猪舍来喂养配种后备猪并改变饲料预算 Use feeders that will hold more than the expected daily intake of each group 使用超出小组每日预期采食量的喂食器 Fill feeders full daily 每日把料槽添满

23 Example 案例 Estimating Feed Budget 预估饲料预算 Phase 1 (25-45 kg) 阶段 1 (25-45kg) 20 kg of growth at a feed/gain ratio of 2.0 = 40 kg of feed 按 2.0 的饲料 / 增重比例, 生长 20kg 需要 40kg 饲料 With a growth rate of 0.82 kg/d should take approximately 25 days 按成长率 0.82%kg/ 天应该喂养 25 天 Phase 2 (45-68 kg) 阶段 2(45-68kg) 23 kg of growth at a feed/gain ratio of 2.5 = 58 kg of feed 按 2.5 的饲料 / 增重比例, 生长 23kg 需要 58kg 饲料 With a growth rate of approximately 0.86 kg/d should take approximately 27 days 成长率 0.86%kg/ 天应该喂养 27 天

24 Example 案例 Estimating Feed Budget 预估饲料预算 Phase 3 (68-90 kg) 阶段 2(68-90kg) 22 kg of growth at a feed/gain ratio of 2.8 = 61.6 kg of feed 按 2.8 的饲料 / 增重比例, 生长 22kg 需要 61.6kg 饲料 With a growth rate of 0.90 kg/d should take approximately 24 days 成长率 0.90%kg/ 天应该喂养 24 天 Phase 4 (90+ kg) 阶段 4(90+kg) Feed conversion will be around 3.2 喂养转换率在 3.2 左右 Breeding target of 136 kg 配种目标 136kg Will stall acclimate in gestation for 3 weeks prior to breeding 在配种前 3 周妊娠期开始停止驯化 136 kg 21 kg = 115 kg as final weight on GDU feed 后备舍饲喂的最终体重 136 kg 21 kg = 115 kg 115 kg 90 kg = 25 kg of growth at 3.2 conversion = 80 kg of feed 以 3.2 转换率 =80kg 的饲料会增长 115 kg 90 kg = 25 kg Growth rate should be between 0.8 and 0.9 kg/d 成长率应该在 kg/d Approximately 31 days on this phase 这一阶段持续大概 31 天

25 Example 案例 Feed Budget 饲料预算 Set feed bins so that they provide feed to one group of pigs 设置饲料罐以便喂养同一组猪 Use feeders that will hold more than the expected daily intake of each group 使用比每日小组采食量大的喂养器 Fill feeders full daily 每日填满料槽

26 Sow Metrics 母猪指标 Why are metrics important? 为什么指标很重要? They are reports of current information 它们反应了当前的信息 Can track information over time 可以随时用来跟踪信息 Predict changes in the future 预测未来的变动 Understand what changes need to be made 了解需要做出的改变

27 Setting Targets 制定目标

28 Influence of Feed Intake on Performance 食物摄取量对生产成绩的影响 ADFI (kg) 日均采食量 SID Lys (g/d) WEI Wt Diff (kg) Wt Diff (%) 赖氨酸重量差 (kg) 重量差 (%) ADG (kg) 日均增重

29 CISS Unpublished data CISS 未发布数据

30 How do we use the graph 如何使用这个图表 Learn how to predict seasonal patterns 学习如何预测季节波动 Adjust diets accordingly 根据情况调整饮食 Use data to identify trends 使用数据来辨别发展趋势 Communicate with production staff and veterinarians to identify changes and impact on intake 和生产员工与兽医交流以辨别变化对采食量的影响 Disease 疾病 Change in facilities/feeders 设施 / 料槽的变化

31 Conclusions 结论 Understand the flow of a facility 了解器设施的流动性 Follow and track feed intake patterns 跟踪饲料摄取量的流动模式 Ensure feed delivery corresponds to expected feed intake 确保饲料供给和预期摄取量相匹配 Make dietary adjustments and feeding programs accordingly 适时地制定饮食调整和饲养计划 = Successful Sow Nutrition Programs 成功的母猪营养计划

32 Acknowledgements 感谢 University of Minnesota 明尼苏达大学 Carthage Veterinary Service 卡美兽医服务中心 CM 卡美农业咨询

33 卡美农业技术咨询有限公司简介 CARTHAGE & MHJ AGRITECH CONSULTING LIMITED INTRODUCTION 感谢关注! THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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PowerPoint Presentation 卡美农业技术咨询有限公司简介 CARTHAGE & MHJ AGRITECH CONSULTING LIMITED INTRODUCTION Gilt development nutrition and feed strategies 后备发育及饲养策略 Andrea R Hanson, PhD 卡美农业咨询您的国际外援 CARTHAGE & MHJ AGRITECH CONSULTING YOU