土壤 (Soils), 2013, 45(2): 257 263 1 镁氯硼元素互作及后效对烤烟生长的影响 1, 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 1* 2* (1 210095 2 230031 3 247000) 2 (Mg) (Cl) (B) ( 87) B 2 Mg Cl Cl Cl Mg Cl.. 1.51 Mg B 1.. 0.08 Cl B 1.. 0.05 Mg Cl B 1.. 1.51.. 0.08 Cl B CK S572; S062 (Nicotiana tabacum L.) [1] (Mg) (Cl) (B) Mg Cl B [2-3] [4] [5] [6-7] [8] [9] Mg Cl B [10] [11] - Mg Cl B 3-1 1.1 0~20 cm ph 6.3 24.1 g/kg( [12] ) 105.7 mg/kg ( [12] ) 46.8 mg/kg( [12] ) 97.5 mg/kg( [12] ) 0.4 mg/kg( [12] ) 26.0 mg/kg ( [13] ) 73.6 mg/kg ( [12] ) 1.4 g/kg( [12] ) 93.2 mg/kg ( [12] ) 44.6 mg/kg ( [12] ) 2.6 mg/kg ( [12] ) 1.1mg/kg ( [12] ) 1.2 Mg Cl B 3 CK( ) Mg Cl B Mg Cl (Mg+Cl) Mg ( ) (AHKJ2009-02) * (huixinli@njau.edu.cn lcz2468@yahoo.com.cn) (1982 ) E-mail: zhanglin00@163.com
258 45 B (Mg+B) Cl B (Cl+B) 3 (Mg+Cl+B) 8 3 20 kg 1.2 m 0.5 m 1 87 6.20 g N 7.96 g P 2 O 5 20.13 g K 2 O Mg Cl B 300 kg/hm 2 [14] 94.65 kg/hm 2 [15] 19.5 kg/hm 2[16] 16 500 /hm 2 Mg Cl B 1.79 g 2.71 g 0.14 g 2010 4 6 60 80 104 113 (Oryza sativa) 3 1.34 g( N 0.85 g) K 2 SO 4 1 g( K 2 O 0.54 g) Mg Cl B 11 Mg Cl B Mg Cl B 2010-2011 2010 2011 5.45 g N 6.98 g P 2 O 5 17.71 g K 2 O Mg Cl B 1.3 [17] [18] /hm 2 /kg 1.4 (Mg Cl B) (LSD) P<0.05 SPSS 18.0 2 2.1 Mg Cl B (2010 ) CK Mg Cl B CK Mg Cl CK B ( 1) Mg Cl Fig. 1 图 1 Mg Cl B 对施肥当季 (2010 年 ) 烤烟农艺性状的影响 Current effects of Mg, Cl, B on agronomic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco(2010)
2 : 259 Mg B Mg Cl B Mg Cl B Mg Cl B Cl B Mg Cl ( 1) 2 B Mg Cl CK B Mg Cl CK B Cl CK Mg Cl CK Mg Cl B Mg ( 1) Cl B Cl B Mg B 2.2 Mg Cl B (2011 ) B B Cl ( 3) Mg Cl B CK Mg Cl B CK Mg Mg Cl Mg B Mg ( 2) 4 Mg B CK Cl CK CK Cl CK Cl Cl Mg B Mg B ( 2) Cl 表 1 Mg Cl B 施肥当季 (2010 年 ) 对烤烟影响方差分析 (F 值 ) Table 1 Variance analyses of effects of Mg, Cl, B on flue-cured tobacco (2010) Mg 8.62 * 0.44 2.55 1.83 8.00 * 2.55 Cl 7.26 * 4.02 0.04 2.86 0.06 0.30 B 0.02 0.03 6.42 * 0.11 1.75 1.00 Mg Cl 0.14 0.71 17.06 ** 1.03 4.36 0.03 Mg B 0.19 1.57 0.71 0.11 5.67 * 1.52 Cl B 0.56 0.00 6.91 * 1.83 22.81 *** 0.35 Mg Cl B 0.00 0.28 3.52 0.46 1.10 0.06 * P < 0.05 ** P < 0.01 *** P < 0.001 Fig. 2 图 2 Mg Cl B 对施肥当季 (2010 年 ) 烤烟经济性状的影响 Current effects of Mg, Cl, B on economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco(2010)
260 45 图 3 Mg Cl B 后效 (2011 年 ) 对烤烟农艺性状的影响 Fig. 3 Residual effects of Mg, Cl, B on agronomic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco (2011) 表 2 Mg Cl B 施肥后效 (2011 年 ) 对烤烟影响方差分析 (F 值 ) Table 2 Variance analyses of residual effects of Mg, Cl, B on flue-cured tobacco(2011) Mg 0.06 6.65 * 6.13 * 1.75 3.08 5.36 * Cl 0.54 3.04 0.43 0.32 8.74 ** 0.83 B 0.85 8.24 * 0.08 0.32 5.03 * 2.35 Mg Cl 0.38 2.70 0.36 0.32 0.85 0.11 Mg B 0.24 3.92 0.83 0.04 8.39 * 9.71 ** Cl B 0.05 3.54 4.41 1.75 0.19 0.17 Mg Cl B 0.66 0.40 0.05 4.32 0.04 0.01 图 4 Mg Cl B 后效 (2011 年 ) 对烤烟经济性状的影响 Fig. 4 Residual effects of Mg, Cl, B on economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco (2011)
2 : 261 3 B [19] B B B Mg CK Mg Mg [20] 2 Mg Mg ( 2 ) Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl [21] Cl 30 mg/kg 45 mg/kg Cl 150 ~ 180 mg/kg Cl 600 mg/kg [22] ( ) 44.84 ~ 67.18 kg/hm 2, [23] Cl 9.85 mg/kg [23] Cl Cl B Mg Cl Mg Cl B Mg Cl.. 1.51 K + NH + 4 Ca 2+ Mg 2+ [24] NO 3 H 2 PO 4 Mg 2+ [25] Mg Cl [8] Mg Cl Mg Cl Mg B.. 0.08 Cl B 1.. 0.05 Cl B Mg B Cl B B [26] Cl [27] Mg Cl B Mg B Cl B Mg B Mg B Cl B Mg Mg 2+ Cl B Mg 2+ Cl Cl B CK [9] K Ca Mg 1.0.. 1.0~2.0.. 0.1~0.15 Ca/B 1200 [8] B Mg Cl 4 (1) B 2 Mg ( 2 ) Cl Cl (2) Mg Cl B 1.. 1.51 Mg Cl Mg B 1.. 0.08
262 45 Cl B 1.. 0.05 Mg Cl B 1.. 1.51.. 0.08 Cl B CK [1]. [M]. :, 2003 [2] Stephenson RA, Parker MB, Gaines TP. Manganese and soil ph effect on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[j]. Tobacco Science, 1987(31): 104 109 [3],,,. Mg [J]., 2002, 24(3): 200 203 [4] Catriona MO, Macinnis N, Peter JR. Towards a more ecologically relevant assessment of the impact of heavy metals on the photosynthesis of the seagrass, Zostera capricorni[j]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2002(45): 100 106 [5]. [M]. :, 2003 [6],,. [J]., 1993, 1(3): 3 11 [7],,,,. [J]., 2007, 27(11): 4 425 4 433 [8]. [J]., 1992(2): 1 10 [9],,,,,,. [J]., 2005, 32(4): 529 533 [10],,. [J]., 1994, 8(2): 85 90 [11],. [J]. ( ), 1999,17(2): 47 50 [12]. [M]. :, 2008 [13],,. [J]. ( ), 2004, 26(4): 494 497 [14]. [D]. 2007 [15]. [J]. ( ), 2007, 29(3): 74 80 [16]. [D]., 2006 [17]. ( ) [M]. :, 2000 [18]. (GB2635-1992)[S]. :, 1992 [19],. [J].,1995(2): 20 22 [20] Salmon RC, Arnol PW. The uptake of magnesium under exhaustive cropping[j]. Journal of Agricultural Science, 1963, 61: 421 425 [21],. [J]., 1996, 27(1): 118 121 [22]. [C]. :, 1985 [23],,,,. [J]., 2005, 33(3): 460 462 [24]. [M]. :, 2004 [25] Ohno T, Grunes DL. Potassium-Magnesium interactions affecting nutrient up take by wheat forage[j]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1985, 49: 685 690 [26] Goldberg S, Lesch SM, Donald L. Suarez predicting boron adsorption by soil using chemical parameters in the constant capacitance model[j]. Soil Science of America Journal, 2001, 64: 1 356 1 363 [27],,,,,,. Ⅱ [J]., 2004, 10(1): 17 21
2 : 263 Current and Residual Effects of Mg, Cl and B and Their Interactions on Flue-cured Tobacco Growth ZHANG Lin 1,2, LIU Man-qiang 1, XU Jing-nian 2, JIAO Jia-guo 1, TANG Jing-xiang 2, LI Tian 3, LIU Bi-rong 2, LI Hui-xin 1*, ZU Chao-long 2* (1 College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2 Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; 3 Chizhou Tobacco Company, Chizhou, Anhui 247000, China) Abstract: Current and residual effects of Mg, Cl and B and their interactions on flue-cured tobacco agronomic characteristics and economic characteristics were investigated through two years pot experiment. The results showed that B applied-alone increased tobacco output value significantly than Mg or Cl applied-alone, and the effect could be extended to the following year. Mg applied-alone also had positive effects. Both current and residual effects of Cl applied-alone on output value were not significant, whether applied Cl should be decided on soil Cl content and element interactions... 1.51 was optimal ratio for Mg and Cl, which could promote tobacco growth especially in the current year and stimulated significantly the growth of middle leaves (length width) and output value. Mg and B applied-together on the ration of 1.. 0.08 had positive residual effects and it increased significantly tobacco output value. Cl and B applied-together on the ration of 1.. 0.05 restrained tobacco growth in current year, but significantly increased the tobacco upper leaves length width in the after-year, and increased tobacco growth, output value to some extent. In conclusion, reasonable fertilization should consider nutrient type, composite ratio, the interactions and residual effects. Key words: Fertilization, Interaction, Residual effect, Flue-cured tobacco growth, Output value