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The Fundamental Issues of the Middle East Upheaval LIU Zhongmin Abstract The Middle East upheaval is a regionally political and social movement sweeping the Arab world, which aims at developing democracy and improving civilian life, overthrowing the existed political regime is the purpose of political demonstrations. The political transformation in the Middle Eastern countries has not only typical common characters and vivid differences, but also profoundly political, economic and cultural roots. In terms of the trends of the Middle East upheaval in the future, democratization, secularization and how to deal with the West are the three central issues of the political transformation of Arab countries, the status changes of Arab countries, Israel, Turkey, Iran and the complication of regional hot spots are the main trends of the regional structure in the Middle East. Key Words Middle East Upheaval; Political Change; Pattern of the Middle East; Political Transformation of Arab Countries 2011 9 27 John Bolton, Iranian Winter Could Chill the Arab Spring, Wall Street Journal, 18 April, 2011. 17