19932005 1 1993-2005 The Urban Residential Housing System in Shanghai 1993-2005: the Marketization Process and Housing Affordability Jie Chen, Assistant Professor, Management School of Fudan University, China; Institute for housing and urban research (IBF), Uppsala University, Sweden Qianjin Hao, PhD Candidate, Economics School of Fudan University, China 1 jiech@fudan.edu.cn0086-21-65112199jie.chen@ibf.uu.se0046 264206539 haoqianjin@yahoo.com.cn61445089
Abstract: This paper reviews the historical development of residential housing system in the urban area of Shanghai between the years 1993-2005. Using latest official statistical data, we present a summary on how the provision and allocation of urban residential housing in Shanghai has been put on the market and the socioeconomic consequence of this marketization process. The focus in this paper is to examine whether the marketization of urban residential housing system has brought significant improvements on the housing consumption conditions of most Shanghai s urban citizens. Based on data evidence, we point out that, although many Shanghai s urban citizens have markedly benefited from the marketization process of urban housing system, there is a rising housing affordability crisis for a large and increasing number of Shanghai urban residents. We argue that the market mechanism could not solve all people s housing problems and the government should provide different housing solutions for different population groups. The establishment of a well-working housing assistance system for low-income population is crucial for both social cohesion and sustainable development of the residential housing market in Shanghai. 1955-1978 5%19690.3%19523.4 19784.5271.21 1978-1997 6721142520204.59.3 250.241 23
20059143 6.7 2
1 1952-2005 (m2) 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 (%) 1993-2005 3 2005 2006 2005 1999-2005 1994-2005
() ( (%) ( m2) m2 m2) ( m2) 1992 14.6 1993 24.8 1994 133.44 67.2 66.24 50.4 1995 507.65 172.6 335.05 34.0 1996 528.56 244.83 283.73 46.3 4
1993-2005 4277 18645 147% 1999-2005 70%1993-2005 5650
26803 169% 1999-2005 81% 80-90 2000 1995 2477 /m2 2005 170% 2000-2004 8 2 3 1998-2005 54 35 3 2 2000-2004 2000 68293 288.35 2001 71909 386.66 2002 98714 485.00 2003 79077 475.47 2004 41552 232.52 1
2004 1023 728 48% 1023 70%
(%) 1997 42956 1862 62 4.29 1998 76278 1737 35 2.27 1999 90977 5221 36 5.46 2000 107686 9355 52 8.03 2001 125657 24617 / 16.38* 2002 174870 39348 / 18.37* 2003 174279 46090 8644 23.90 20012002
2005 5 2003 6 121 2004 3 2004 10 2005 3 2005 4 5 2003 6 2 2005 5 2005 6 6 2005 2005,
4088.8, 587.3, 7 6, 7 12 117, 2005, 152, 603, 199.4, 529, 19.7%, 1.1 18502 7707 11714 15535 21547 38532 16683 7065 10664 14149 19371 34404 11422 4804 7511 10078 15220 30257 215 49 72 193 240 560 2079 548 2 2707 2614 4856 5374 1282 1289 2537 4058 19125 1057 860 801 3929 (% ) 5.71 0.00 0.00 5.54 3.72 10.20 3717 1239 1287 1610 3000 12340 20272 7671 10563 17287 21517 47526 4651 98 137 3394 4140 16808 22.94 1.28 1.30 19.63 19.24 35.37 12631 6684 8814 11646 13753 23629 #() 1327 719 812 1405 1262 2580 10.51 10.76 9.21 12.06 9.18 10.92 4142 1064 1332 2176 4469 12608
2005 28.3 2005 3 4 2005 1000 1000 2000 3 2 1 30003500 /
2 70 7 50 25 90 2000 9 7 () 5%9 40 9 8 3000
280 6 5 ( 5 ) 5 2 2005 11 1.0 140 120 16.7 1.2 1.5% 3% 0.05% 5% 5% 7% 3% 2 { ( +++)}202 ()5 ()205 ( )204000 1560 15
2004 2000-2005 1994-2005 Chiu, R. L. H. (2001). "Housing policy and practice in China." Urban Studies 38(1): 221-223. Huang, Y. Q. (2003). "A room of one's own: housing consumption and residential crowding in transitional urban China." Environment and Planning A 35(4): 591-614. Logan, J. R., Y. J. Bian, et al. (1999). "Housing inequality in urban China in the 1990s." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 23(1): 7-+. Wang, Y. P., Y. L. Wang, et al. (2005). "Chinese housing reform in state-owned enterprises and its impacts on different social groups." Urban Studies 42(10): 1859-1878.
4a1995-2005 (/m2) 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 (m2)
51991-2004 350000 3000 300000 2500 250000 2000 200000 150000 1500 m2 100000 1000 50000 500 0 0
19932005 1974 10 670 200433 021 65112199jiech@fudan.edu.cn : http://web.cenet.org.cn/web/chenjie/ 198012 haoqianjin@yahoo.com.cn