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COURTESY OF JOHN D. YOUNG AND JAN MARTEL (preceding page); TRAVIS HEYING AFP/Newscom (meteorite); COURTESY OF NASA (SEM); COURTESY OF ROBERT L. FOLK University of Texas at Austin (calcite crystal) 30 2010. 02
COURTESY OF LIN SHOU-SHENG Taiwan Tatler (Young); COURTESY OF JAN MARTEL (Martel); JEN CHRISTIANSEN (illustration) sa.ylib.com 31
THIS PAGE: NANOBACTERIA: AN ALTERNATIVE MECHANISM FOR PATHOGENIC INTRA- AND EXTRACELLULAR CALCIFICATION AND STONE FORMATION, BY E. OLAVI KAJANDER AND NEVA ÇIFTÇIOĞLU, IN PNAS, VOL. 95, NO. 14; JULY 7, 1998 (mineral structures); OPPOSITE PAGE: COURTESY OF JOHN D. YOUNG AND JAN MARTEL (top three micrographs); PUTATIVE NANOBACTERIA REPRESENT PHYSIOLOGICAL REMNANTS AND CULTURE BY-PRODUCTS OF NORMAL CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS, BY JOHN D. YOUNG ET AL., IN PLOS ONE, VOL. 4, NO. 2; FEBRUARY 9, 2009 (bottom two micrographs); JEN CHRISTIANSEN (illustration) 32 2010. 02
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MEDICAL BODY SCANS Photo Researchers, Inc. (bone); OLIVIER VOISIN Photo Researchers, Inc. (heart); COURTESY OF ANTONIETTA M. GATTI University of Modena and Reggio Emilia AND STEFANO MONTANARI Nanodiagnostics Srl 34 2010. 02
Nanobacteria: An Alternative Mechanism for Pathogenic Intra- and Extracellular Calcification and Stone Formation. E. Olavi Kajander and Neva Çiftçio glu in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Vol. 95, No. 14, pages 8274 8279; July 7, 1998. COURTESY OF JOHN D. YOUNG AND JAN MARTEL Purported Nanobacteria in Human Blood as Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles. Jan Martel and John Ding-E Young in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Vol. 105, No. 14, pages 5549 5554; April 8, 2008. Putative Nanobacteria Represent Physiological Remnants and Culture By-products of Normal Calcium Homeostasis. John D. Young et al. in PLoS ONE, Vol. 4, No. 2, page e4417; February 9, 2009. Characterization of Granulations of Calcium and Apatite in Serum as Pleomorphic Mineralo-Protein Complexes and as Precursors of Putative Nanobacteria. John D. Young et al. in PLoS ONE, Vol. 4, No. 5, page e5421; May 1, 2009. sa.ylib.com 35
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