22 1 () Vol.22 No.1 2016 2 J. CENT. SOUTH UNIV. (SOCIAL SCIENCE) Feb. 2016 (100720) DF36 A 1672-3104(2016)01 0027 09 [1] () 2013 979 721.1 5 253.8 35% 203.7 39.4% [2] 2013 20.4 ( 1) 1980 2000 ( 2) 5 2013 19811985 2.2 () [2](42) 2015 07 102015 09 18 (1976 )
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29 () 1979 87.4%( 4) () ( 6) 2013 15.46 3.64 4.2 5.50 1.03 5.3 () [2](36) 2005 10.1 4 2013 (%) ( 5) ( 1) () 5 2013 (%) 1 2005 (%) 42.8 3.0 12.9 0.7 32.8 2.5 52.8 90.4 79.0 89.2 61.6 90.0 4.4 6.6 8.1 10.1 5.6 7.5
30 () 2016 22 1 6 2013 () () () [3] () [4]
31 [5] [6] [7] () [8] 1992 1993 10%Ontario [9] [10] [2](109) [10](26) 19861989 [11] [12] [13] 19801994 19701980 4.3% 2.5% [10](121) () [14]
32 () 2016 22 1 [15] [16] [17] () () [6](82) [6](87) [18]
33 () 2014 2014 36 WHO. World Health Statistics 2015, WHO Press, Geneva: Switzerland, 2015, pp.114-120. 2014
34 () 2016 22 1 68 2014 2014 2014 69 1991200120062011 2014 2014 42 2011 3 17 3.5% 2011 3 18 A24 5.3% 30%~60% 2010 279.5 278.3 2014 25 5 2014 25 2014 ()Sudhir Anand 21 2008 63 2009 2 1998 2008 10 2 1 2014 2008 15 9 []R 2000 36 ([]R 6 ) 10% 3%~4% 2004 5 [] 2000 109 190 Elias Mossialos, Julian Le Grand, Cost Containment in the EU: an Overview, In: Elias Mossialos, Julian Le Grand(eds), Health Care and Cost Containment in the European Union, Ashgate Publishing Limited, England: Aldershot, 1999, P119. [] 1983 243 2010 12 2 A28A29 [] () 1979 14 Sherman Folland, Allen C. Goodman, and Mi ron Stano, The Economics of Health and Health Care, p. 533. 2005 6 60 (25%) 2006 400 2000 4 1981 2 ([1981]24 ) (19512000)2001 12 533534 1965 626 2007 7 2 36 (20102020 ) (20112020 )
35 2012 12 / [1] WHO. World health report 2006-working together for health [R]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2006. [2]. 2014[Z]. :, 2014: 25. [3] Glennerster H, Matsaganis M. The English and the Swedish health care reforms [J]. International Journal of Health Services, 1994, 24(3): 231 251. [4] 20012015 [EB/OL]. http:// www.moh.gov.cn/zhuzhan/zcjd/201304/da137a1485e745d392ab 8c689f32137f.shtml. [5]. [C]//,.. :, 2007: 49. [6] R. [M].,,. :, 2000: 70. [7]. [M]. :, 2004: 129. [8],,. [J]., 2004, 17(1): 15 18. [9] Catherine A. Charles, Robin F. Badgley. Canadian national health insurance: evolution and unresolved policy issues [C]// Francis D. Powell, Albert F. Wessen. Health Care Systems in Transition. California: Sage Publications, Inc, 1999: 137 138. [10] Elias Mossialos, Julian Le Grand. Cost containment in the EU: an overview [C]// Elias Mossialos, Julian Le Grand. Health Care and Cost Containment in the European Union. Aldershot (England): Ashgate Publishing Limited, 1999: 26. [11] Abel-Smith B, Mossialos E. Cost containment and health care reform: A study of the European Union [J]. Health Policy, 1994, 89(2): 89 134. [12]. [N]., 2009-8-25(2). [13]. [M]. :, 2001: 231. [14]. [N]., 2007-7-2(36). [15],. [J]., 2004(2): 114 124. [16]. [M]. :, 2001: 47. [17] Roemer R. Law and health policy [C]// G McKray, R Roeme. Leagal Aspects of Health Policy: Issues and Trends. Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1980: 445. [18] [J]., 2009(5): 1 10. Welfare crisis under the disproportion of health human resources and its legal counter-measures DONG Wenyong (Law Institute, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100720, China) Abstract: In China, the health human resources are not well proportioned in regions, health establishments and technical types, which results in the welfare crisis. The disproportion of health human resources is ascribed to the limitations of the market mechanism, and the counter-measures adopted by many countries are the government s intervention in the market. To reasonably proportion the health human resources under the conditions of the market-oriented economy and of the rules of law, the legal system should be built on the orders of the economy, society and health sciences. The goals are allocating the health workforce appropriately between districts and health establishments by assurance of their interests, and arranging the skill structure by the fulfillment of the government s functions of public service and by creating the demand of primary health. Key Words: health human resources; proportion; mechanism of legal allocation []