36 6 Vol.36, No.6 2012 6 JOURNAL OF FISHERIES OF CHINA June, 2012 文 章 编 号 : 1000-0615(2012)06-0809-06 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1231.2012.27809 团 头 鲂 3 个 地 理 种 群 杂 交 效 果 的 配 合 力 和 微 卫 星 标 记 预 测 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1* (1.,,, 430070; 2., 511400) : 12 (SSR) 3, 3,, F 1,, ;,,,, 3 3, (0.848), (0.820); ; 3 (0.336 2), (0.235 6), : ; ; ; ; : Q 145 +.1; Q 321 +.1; S 917 : A (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih),, (Cypriniformes), (Cyprinidae), (Megalobrama),,, 20 60, [1],,, (combining ability), [2],, [3] [4] [5] ()(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) (Paralichthys olivaceus) 3 (general combining ability, GCA) 收 稿 日 期 : 2011-11-07 修 回 日 期 : 2012-02-16 资 助 项 目 : (CARS-46-05); (2011PY023); ; (2011SC27C) 通 讯 作 者 :, E-mail: wangwm@mail.hzau.edu.cn
810 36 (specific combining ability, SCA),, 1 1.1 2008 12, (L) (P) (Y) 1 000 g ( 1) 5,, (4.0 m 3.0 m 1.5 m),, 400, 8:00 17:00 表 1 不 同 地 理 种 群 亲 本 搜 集 点 和 数 量 Tab. 1 Location and sampling information of three geographical populations of M. amblycephala population, Y, L, P location longitude latitude individuals total E152 10 N29 85 12 15 27 E114 51 N30 34 15 16 31 E115 95 N29 24 15 20 35 1.2 数 据 收 集 6, 4, 2 50 Microsoft Excel SAS 9.01 杂 交 试 验 数 据 统 计 分 析, 6,, [6-7] : y ijk = μ + s i + d j + r ij + e ijk, y ijk i j k ; e ijk ; μ ; s i i ( ); d j j ( ); r ij i j () SSR 标 记 数 据 分 析, DNA PCR [8] [9] GenBank 8 Genome-SSR 4 EST-SSR puc18 /Msp POPGEN 32 3 (P) (H e ) Nei s (D) [10] ; Microsoft Excel (PIC)(MI), [11-12] n n 1 n 2 PIC = 1 p 2 2 i 2 pi pj i= 1 i= 1 j= i+ 1, p i p j i j, n ; MI = N PIC, N, PIC 2 2.1 9, (L) (Y), ( 3); ;, (P), (Y) 2.2 配 合 力 方 差 分 析 ( 2), (P<0.01), (GCA), (SCA) ( 4),, 一 般 配 合 力 和 特 殊 配 合 力 分 析 F 1
6, : 3 811 表 2 3 个 地 理 种 群 团 头 鲂 间 杂 交 子 代 6 月 龄 全 长 和 体 质 量 比 较 Tab. 2 Comparison of total length and body weight of hybrids among three geographical populations of M. amblycephala combination / mm total length / g body weight L L 53.43 ± 9.40 bc 2.68 ± 2.24 c L P 47.52 ± 12.56 c 2.07 ± 1.77 c L Y 56.21 ± 14.08 ab 3.81 ± 3.30 a P L 54.65 ± 12.62 b 3.12 ± 2.49 b P P 49.39 ± 12.36 c 2.37 ± 2.26 c P Y 46.78 ± 14.73 c 2.27 ± 2.32 c Y L 46.16 ± 14.32 c 2.15 ± 2.44 c Y P 48.97 ± 13.42 c 2.37 ± 2.43 c Y Y 57.96 ± 7.77 a 3.36 ± 1.61 b : (P<0.05), (P>0.05) Notes: The different subscripts show significant difference in the same row (P<0.05), and the same subscripts demonstrate insignificant difference (P>0.05). 表 3 3 个 地 理 种 群 间 的 亲 本 配 合 力 方 差 分 析 Tab. 3 ANOVA analysis about body weight and length of hybrids among three geographical populations M. amblycephala MS variation df total length body weight sire 35 2 161.585 ** 50.41 ** dam 35 3 092.85 ** 53.75 ** sire dam 1260 537.19 ** 10.17 ** error 63504 74.61 ** 3.58 ** : ** (P<0.01) Notes: ** means significant difference (P<0.01). 表 4 3 个 地 理 种 群 团 头 鲂 的 配 合 力 方 差 来 源 分 析 Tab. 4 Analysis of variation source in total length and body weight of M. amblycephala source total length body weight GCA 162.44 4.02 GCA 255.57 4.36 SCA 92.52 1.32 () error 74.61 3.58 total combination ability 510.52 9.70 F 1, [13], 5,,,,,, 表 5 团 头 鲂 亲 本 全 长 和 体 质 量 的 配 合 力 相 对 效 应 值 Tab.5 General combining ability relative effect and specific combining ability relative effect among three populations of M. amblycephala full length SCA GCA 5.32 0.28 5.04 6.13 SCA 16.40 18.91 2.51 2.29 11.08 18.63 7.55 8.42 GCA 1.77 1.01 0.77 SCA body weight GCA 12.53 2.76 9.77 17.69 SCA 48.33 52.67 4.34 6.73 35.80 49.91 14.12 24.42 GCA 1.17 0.41 1.58 %
812 36 2.3 SSR 微 卫 星 位 点 的 多 态 信 息 含 量 (PIC) 有 效 等 位 基 因 数 (N e ) 近 交 系 数 (F IS ) 期 望 杂 合 度 (H e ) 和 标 记 索 引 值 (MI) 85 SSR, 12 ( 6), 12 93 177, 14.75, 5~20 0.837, (0.848), (0.820) 10.468, 8.959~11.242 3, (0.005), [14] 群 体 间 的 遗 传 距 离 (0.336 2), (0.235 6), 3 ( 7), 3, [15] SRAP [16],,, 4 EST-SSR 表 6 各 标 记 座 位 在 3 个 地 理 种 群 团 头 鲂 的 平 均 多 态 信 息 含 量 有 效 等 位 基 因 数 近 交 系 数 和 期 望 杂 合 度 Tab. 6 Polymorphism information content, numbers of effective allele, F IS and expected heterozygosity of different marker loci in three populations of M. amblycephala locus PIC N e F IS H e MI PIC N e F IS H e MI PIC N e F IS H e MI TTF01 0.892 10.056 0.094 0.916 13.385 0.903 11.136 0.084 0.923 14.453 0.895 10.286 0.079 0.929 12.527 TTF02 0.914 12.500 0.075 0.936 14.630 0.882 9.211 0.108 0.904 11.460 0.867 8.203 0.016 0.903 11.270 TTF03 0.860 7.826 0.130 0.887 12.037 0.885 10.000 0.102 0.909 12.396 0.886 9.529 0.089 0.921 10.630 TTF04 0.929 14.876 0.055 0.949 18.574 0.890 11.395 0.164 0.915 14.246 0.831 8.640 0.141 0.881 9.145 TTF05 0.846 7.377 0.146 0.875 11.844 0.847 8.507 0.147 0.874 9.321 0.857 9.672 0.121 0.895 11.995 TTF06 0.870 9.043 0.118 0.897 10.436 0.825 7.609 0.098 0.857 10.729 0.873 8.000 0.034 0.911 9.601 TTF08 0.842 6.837 0.149 0.872 9.265 0.821 7.410 0.177 0.852 13.962 0.797 5.070 0.191 0.844 6.375 TTF09 0.901 10.524 0.084 0.924 12.607 0.880 8.288 0.040 0.904 11.444 0.879 8.909 0.091 0.914 13.188 SSR12 0.802 5.653 0.295 0.837 8.819 0.866 8.113 0.153 0.889 13.856 0.862 8.011 0.143 0.892 9.482 SSR46 0.863 8.048 0.134 0.891 10.355 0.895 10.278 0.001 0.918 12.524 0.741 4.483 0.464 0.793 4.448 SSR851 0.576 2.695 0.046 0.640 3.459 0.686 3.717 0.047 0.742 4.118 0.654 3.375 0.263 0.717 3.926 SSR116 0.821 6.250 0.286 0.857 9.031 0.800 5.672 0.301 0.836 6.400 0.703 3.888 0.327 0.760 4.924 mean 0.843 8.474 0.005 0.873 11.204 0.848 8.445 0.008 0.877 11.242 0.820 7.339 0.014 0.863 8.959 表 7 3 个 地 理 种 群 团 头 鲂 的 遗 传 距 离 和 相 似 系 数 Tab. 7 Genetic distance and similarity among three geographical populations of M. amblycephala 0.790 1 0.714 5 0.235 6 0.757 2 0.336 2 0.278 1 :, Notes: Figures below the diagonal show genetic distance, the above expresses genetic similarity. 3 3.1 [5],,, 3,,,,
6, : 3 813 [17], 2,, F 1,,,,, 6, 3.2, (PIC)(N e ) (MI) [18] SSR 3,, 12 0.837, [7] 12, PIC, ; [19], [20],,, [21], 0.257 8~ 0.595 8, ; 0.609 9 ~ 0.660 4, ; 0.664 0~0.977 3,, 3 0.235 6~0.336 2, 3.3, [22],, DNA (SSR) (),,,,, : [1]. [J]., 2009(4): 44 45. [2]. [M]. :, 2005. [3],,,. SRAP [J]., 2006, 13(4): 667 673. [4],,,. GHR Promoter [J]. :, 2008, 38(5): 719 725. [5],,,. [J]., 2009, 16(2): 206 213. [6]. () SAS [J]., 2001, 22(4): 72 77. [7]. [M]. :, 1997. [8]. [M]. :, 1999. [9] Shou T, Si L, Wan C. Development of microsatellite markers for blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala using 5 -anchored PCR[J]. Permanent Genetic Resources Note, 2008, 9(3): 971 974. [10] Nei M. Genetic distance between populations [J]. American Naturalist, 1972, 106: 283 291. [11] Botstein D, White R L, Skolnick M, et al. Construction of genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms [J]. American Journal of Human Genetics, 1980, 32: 314 331. [12] Smith J S C, Chin E C L, Shu H, et al. An evaluation of the utility of SSR loci as molecular markers in maize (Zea mays L.): Comparison with data from RFLPs and pedigree[j]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1997, 95: 163 173. [13],,,. [J]., 2010, 34(1): 26 31.
814 36 [14] Weir B S, Cockerham C C. Estimation F-statistics for the analysis of population structure [J]. Evolution, 1984, 38: 1358 1370. [15],,,. SRAP 3 [J]., 2010, 29(5): 601 606. [16],,,. [J]., 2012, 31(1): 1 5. [17]. [M]. :, 2002. [18],,,. SSR [J]., 2005, 21(2): 10 14. [19],,,. [J]., 2000, 27(7): 580 589. [20],,,. [J]., 2008, 29(3): 67 73. [21],. [J]., 2010, 26(15): 395 401. [22]. [M]. :, 1982. Prediction of hybrid vigor among three geographical populations of Megalobrama amblycephala by combination ability and SSR markers ZENG Cong 1, ZHANG Yao 1, CAO Xiao-juan 1, LUO Wei 1, LIU Xiao-lian 1, GAO Ze-xia 1, QIAN Xue-qiao 2, WANG Wei-min 1* (1. College of Fishery, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070; 2. Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Center of Haid Group Co, Ltd, Guangzhou 511400, China) Abstract: Hybrid vigor among three geographical populations of Megalobrama amblycephala, including population (L), population (P) and population (Y), was predicted by combination ability and SSR markers. The first generation individuals of 9 complete diallel cross combinations of three populations were measured with total length and body weight. The analysis of combination ability showed that the sire of Yuni population had the largest general combining ability effective value; however, the largest general combining of total length in dam was Poyang population, while that of body weight was Liangzi population. There were high effective combinations among P P, L Y and Y Y which had high specific combining ability, so these combinations were suitable as basic selective populations. The results obtained from SSR markers showed that all three populations had high genetic heterogeneity (H e, 0.877-0.863), polymorphism information content (PIC, 0.848-0.820) and marker index (MI, 8.959-11.242). Among the three populations, Liangzi population and Yuni population revealed the largest genetic distance, reaching 0.336 2. According to the result, L Y would have the highest hybrid vigor among those combinations. Key words: Megalobrama amblycephala; geographical population; combination ability; simple sequence marker; hybrid vigor prediction Corresponding author: WANG Wei-min. E-mail: wangwm@mail.hzau.edu.cn