( 100720) :, ( ),, : ; ; : DF0 : A,, [ 1 ]72, [ 2 ]913,,,, [ 3 ]184 :, [ 4 ]68???, (1),, :,, [ 5 ],,,,, [ 6 ],,, [ 7 ]295 20 60,,, : N [ 8 ]34,,, [ 9 ]59 (2) (Methodological Individu2 alism),,,, : U = f ( u 1 + u 2 +, + u n ), U ( utility), ( u i ; i = 1, 2, 3, n), n, 87
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;, ;,, [ 22 ]9, (A General Interest), ;,,,,, [ 23 ]393,,,,,,,, :, ;,,,,,,,,,,, public : pubes, matruity ( ), pubes koinon, common, care with ( ), public,,,,, interest,, 19 40, ( Public Inter2 est), ( The Common Good) ( Gublic W elfare),, :,,,, [ 24 ], Offentlichesin2 tresse ( ) Gemeinwolh ( ), Offentlichesintresse Gemeinwolh,, Offentlichesintresse, Offentlichesintresse, Gemeinwolh, Gemeinwolh Offentli2 chesintresse,,, [ 25 ],,,, (1), :,,,,,,, 89
201012,,,, jus, : [ 26 ]25,, [ 27 ]148,,,,, [ 28 ]85,,,,,,,, [ 29 ]55,, (2),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,, [ 30 ]123,, (3)?,, 90 1, ( ) lex ( ), jus, lex,,,,,,,, [ 31 ]31,, ( Gegula Rationis) ;,,, (4),,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, ;,,, [ 32 ]35,,,,,
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201012,,,, [ 38 ]46,,,,,,,, :,,,, [ 39 ],,,,,, [ 40 ], ; ;, [ 41 ], ;,,, ( ),,, 92,,,, (1) (Roman Schnur), :,,, ;,,, ( F1J1Neumann), : ;, [ 42 ]137, ;,,, [ 43 ]326 (2),,,, :, ;,,,,
[ 44 ]412, :,,,,,, :, [ 45 ] (3) : a), ; b), ; c) ; d) ; e), ; f), [ 46 ]141, : ; ; [ 47 ]124,,,,,,,,, [ 48 ]29,,,,,, ( ) (1),, [ 49 ]81,,,,,, [ 50 ]122,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, (2), 93
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,,, [ 63 ]29,,, [ 64 ]107,,,, [ 65 ]53 1930,, 1969,,,,,, [ 66 ] (2),,, : ( a) ; ( b), ; ( c) [ 67 ]16,,,, [ 68 ]120,,, :,, [ 69 ]70,,,,, : [ 70 ]107,,?, (1),,,,,, (2),,,, 95
201012, [ 71 ]41, (3) ( ),, (4),,,,, [ 72 ]17,,,,,,,, (1) :,?? [ 73 ]5,,,, 96,,, (2) [ 74 ]64 : [ 75 ]1194,,, [ 76 ]224,,, [ 77 ]133,,, (3),,,,, [ 78 ]42,,,,, ( Fairness) ( Justice), [ 79 ]109 (4),, (5),,
[ 80 ] :, [ 81 ]133,,,,,,,, [ 82 ],,,,,,,, [ 83 ],?, 16 ( ), 22%, 13%, 10%, [ 84 ],,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), : [ 1 ] [ 55 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 20021 [ 2 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, 19821 [ 3 ] [ 57 ] 1 ( ) [M ] 1 :, 20011 [ 4 ] Cooper Terry L1 The Responsible Adm inistrator, 3 rded[m ]1 San Francisco: Jossey - Bass Publisher, 19901 [ 5 ] 1 : [ J ]1, 2005 (1) 1 [ 6 ]David B 1Truman 1The Government Process[M ] 1 New York : A lfred A 1 Knopf, 1951, 51 [ 7 ]A lf Ross1Towards a Realistic Jurisp rudence [M ]1 Copenhagen: 19461 [ 8 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 9 ] A rrow1k J1Social Choice and Individual Values [M ], Yale University Press, 19631 [ 10 ] [ ] 1 ( ), [M ]1 :, 19811 [ 11 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 20001 [ 12 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 20011 [ 13 ] 1 : [ EB /OL ]1 http: / /www1cnki1net/ index1htm1 [ 14 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 19961 [ 15 ] 1 ( ) [M ]1 :, 19941 [ 16 ] 1 [ J ] 1 : 2005 (1) 1 [ 17 ] 1 ( ) [M ] 1 :, 20011 [ 18 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19921 [ 19 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 19981 [ 20 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 21 ] [ 46 ] [ 56 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19981 97
201012 [ 22 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 20001 [ 23 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 20001 [ 24 ] 1 [ J ] 1 : 2003 (1) 1 [ 25 ] [ 39 ] 1 [ J ] 1 : 2005 (7) 1 [ 26 ] [ 31 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 27 ] [ 58 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19831 [ 28 ] [ 33 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 20031 [ 29 ] [ 38 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, 19981 [ 30 ] [ 34 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 20031 [ 32 ] [ ] 1, [M ] :, 19801 [ 35 ] 3 [M ]1 :, 19661 [ 36 ] 1 [ J ], 2005 (5) 1 [ 37 ] 1 [ J ] 1, 2004 (2) 1 [ 40 ] 1 [ J ]1, 2003 (3) 1 [ 41 ] 1 [ J ]1, 1999 (1) 1 [ 42 ] 1 ( ) [M ] 1 :, 19921 [ 43 ] [ ] 1 1, [M ]1 :, 20021 [ 44 ] [ 70 ] [ 79 ] 1 2 [M ] 1 :, 1999 [ 45 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 20011 [ 47 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 1988: 121 [ 48 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 19881 [ 49 ] [ ] 1 1, [M ]1 :, 19801 [ 50 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 51 ] [ ] 1, [M ] :, 19971 [ 52 ] 1 [ EB /OL ] http: / /www1cnki1net/ index1htm1 [ 53 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 20011 [ 54 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19831 [ 59 ] 1 ( ) [M ] 1 :, 19641 [ 60 ] [ 64 ] [ 68 ] [ 77 ] [ 81 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 61 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 20041 [ 62 ], 1 [ J ] 1, 2005 (6) 1 [ 63 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 65 ] [ 69 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19981 [ 66 ] 1 [ J ] 1, 2008 (4) 1 [ 67 ] [ ] 1 3 [M ]1, 19591 [ 71 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19841 [ 72 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 20021 [ 73 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 20001 [ 74 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 19971 [ 75 ] [ ] 1, [M ] 1 :, 19921 [ 76 ] [ ] 1, [M ]1 :, 19901 [ 78 ] L ippmamn, The Public Philosophy, Boston, L ittle B rown, 19951 [ 80 ] 1 [ J ]1, 2005 (1) 1 [ 82 ] 1 [ J ] 1, 2005 (1) 1 [ 83 ] 1 [ J ]1, 2008 (2) 1 [ 84 ] 1 [ J ] 1, 2004 (5) 1 ( ) 98