99~114 95 12 Journal of Kun Shan University, Vol.3, pp.99~114 Dec, 2006 1 * ** * ** ( ) 99
95 12 10~19 20~29 30~39 40~49 50~59 Count 785230 8420 233 Row % 98.9 1.1.0 Column % 29.7.2.1 Count 1370264 499191 11818 1666 Row % 72.8 26.5.6.1 Column % 51.9 9.5 4.9.2 Count 336212 1422113 56905 13174 Row % 18.4 77.8 3.1.7 Column % 12.7 27.0 23.7 1.8 Count 109939 1514348 110275 72525 Row % 6.1 83.8 6.1 4.0 Column % 4.2 28.7 45.8 10.0 Count 34529 961466 42362 111008 Row % 3.0 83.7 3.7 9.7 100
Column % 1.3 18.2 17.6 15.4 60~69 Count 4846 567039 14291 179686 Row %.6 74.0 1.9 23.5 Column %.2 10.8 5.9 24.8 70~79 Count 318 262670 4157 224761 Row %.1 53.4.8 45.7 Column %.0 5.0 1.7 31.1 80~89 Count 306 34163 513 120280 Row %.2 22.0.3 77.5 Column %.0.6.2 16.6 2003 2 6250202 Mean 22.97 Median 23.00 Mode 20 2003 3 (10 ) 101 2641644 29.7 29.7 1~9 1532.0 29.7 10~19 1105990 12.4 42.2 20~29 4770075 53.6 95.8 30~39 360134 4.1 99.9 40~49 11150.1 100.0 50 1321.0 100.0 Total 8891846 100.0 2003 2 22.97 3 53.6% 20~29 29.7% 1 Column % 51.9% 29.7% 12.7% 2000 1950 1960 1970 1995 1999 2.23 1970 6 4 1 20 4 41 10.25
95 12 6 53 8.83 20 24 6 48 8 7 43 6.14 25 25 2~4 24 2 50 60 1999 65 2 24 2000 4-20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65+ 1980 6 4 6 6 7 5 3 2 - - - - 1990 10 9 11 10 11 9 7 4 - - - - 1999 10 41 48 25 18 14 11 8 5 3 2 2 99/80 1.67 10.25 8.00 4.17 2.57 2.80 3.67 4.00 - - - - 1980 5 6 7 7 6 3 2 1 - - - - 1990 8 10 12 11 10 7 5 2 - - - - 1999 10 53 43 23 16 12 9 5 3 1 1 0 99/80 2.00 8.83 6.14 3.29 2.67 4.00 4.50 5.00 - - - - 2000 102
--- 産 103
95 12 Yeandle 2002 5 (%) 25-44 ( ) 15-24 45-64 65 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 2005 423.6 48.12 35.35 70.52 77.71 71.35 68.64 64.64 42.59 3.86 2004 427.2 47.41 36.05 69.25 76.06 69.51 67.52 63.93 42.03 3.93 2003 417.2 47.14 36.76 67.55 73.86 68.09 66.01 62.42 41.31 4.01 2002 407.4 46.59 37.59 66.33 72.74 66.75 64.28 61.77 39.91 3.78 2001 397.7 46.10 37.21 65.31 71.24 65.53 63.90 60.80 39.47 3.52 1991 321.4 44.39 43.93 56.06 59.93 53.37 55.38 54.94 35.54 4.12 5 2005 423.6 1991 321.4 1991 31.8 2005 15-24 35.35 1991 19.53% 2005 25-44 70.52 1991 25.79% 30-34 25-29 6 7 104
6 7 6 2006 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1787342(62%) 1080718(38%) 91015 61020 67% 179.5 176.6 4880(79%) 1311(21%) 100221 57728 57.6% 175.3 171.5 1430692(59%) 1003096(41%) 96164 61598 64% 181.3 177.0 28683(85%) 5138(15%) 208532 180594 86.6% 165.6 162.1 323087(82%) 71173(18%) 57640 44307 76.9% 173.1 172.2 1507015(48%) 1623472(52%) 91505 80031 87.5% 172.6 168.9 719603(49%) 758629(51%) 83647 72178 86.3% 170.8 171.3 65668(40%) 97558(60%) 42878 35838 83.6% 174.5 174.1 217457(68%) 102809(32%) 82637 63212 76.5% 175.3 164.8 142481(38%) 230873(62%) 174522 144134 82.5% 162.8 158.7 47028(59%) 33253(41%) 80149 70299 87.7% 180.0 166.7 105986(49%) 108561(51%) 114921 88847 77.3% 164.7 162.9 43630(21%) 164620(79%) 150815 84871 56.3% 167.1 165.7 48912(60%) 33030(40%) 79182 61668 77.9% 166.3 167.2 116250(55%) 94139(45%) 48631 41532 85.4% 199.4 187.4 2006 1 7 1973 1978 ( ) ( ) ( ) 909794(55%) 741602(45%) 2563 1881(73%) 222.8 222.6 - - - - - - 1282309(56%) 1011622(44%) 6371 4701(74%) 217.3 218.2 - - - - - - 1979 1984 1989 1994 1340989(56%) 1054111(44%) 7578 5654(75%) 216.4 218.0 707184(63%) 422875(37%) 9935 6024(61%) 210.6 218.6 1591787(57%) 1217089(43%) 14847 9582(65%) 210.0 209.6 819407(58%) 594697(42%) 17688 11588(66%) 203.2 202.6 1772172(29%) 1264437(71%) 23772 14611(61%) 203.8 200.4 1000176(55%) 832993(45%) 26907 19245(72%) 196.3 192.7 1891055(62%) 1145457(38%) 37361 22895(61%) 203.3 197.0 1310709(52%) 1214616(48%) 41233 30011(73%) 192.3 189.9 1999 1836270(63%) 1083729(37%) 44242 28955(65%) 198.0 194.2 105
95 12 2004 2005 1449900(50%) 1455188(50%) 48754 37785(76%) 185.2 182.4 1765953(62%) 1074438(38%) 46422 31739(68%) 190.0 186.4 1449940(48%) 1542578(52%) 49557 40841(82%) 180.6 176.9 1783032(62%) 1076683(38%) 47356 32790(69%) 188.0 185.3 1488342(48%) 1591178(52%) 49564 41184(83%) 178.8 175.7 1.1978 2. 2004 1 100 3. 2006 4 -- 2000 2004 1 2 3 4 5 2004 106
2000 1999 allowance wage payments for care Invalid Care Allowance Carer's Premium Invalid Care Allowance ICA attendents 2000 2001 2000 wage programmes 107
95 12 2000 2002 International Labor Organization convention recommendation 100 90 111 111 2002 Equal Pay Act Civil Right Act 108
2002 2002 6 7 109
95 12 110 8 8
( ) 2002 2002 10 2003 5 2003 2006 1 2006 4 1997 111
95 12 2000 151 13-22 2004 221-237 2000 24 59-88 92 99-112 2002 6 35-88 2002 2 7 161-168 2005 2000 9-33 2000 4 1 237-288 2002 6 123-173 1999 -- 242 61-75 Crompton, R. (ed.) (1999). Restructuring Gender Relations and Employment: The Decline of the male Breadwinner, New York: Oxford University Press. Crompton, R. (2002). Employment, flexible working and the family, British Journal of Sociology, 53 (4): 537-558. Crompton, R. & Feuvre, N. L. (2000) Gender, family and employment in comparative perspective: the realities and representations of equal opportunities in Britain and France, Journal of European Social Policy, 10 (4): 334-348. Crompton, R. & Birkelund, G. E. (2000) Employment and caring in British and Norwegian Banking: an exploration through individual careers, Work, Employment & Society, 14 (2): 331-352. Fredman, S. (2004) Women at work: The broken promise of flexicurity, Industrial Law Journal, 33 (4): 299-319. Visser, J. (2002) The first part-time economy in the world: a model to be follow? Journal of European Social Policy, 12 (1): 23-42. 112
Yeandle, S. (2002). Employed Carers and Family-Friendly Employment Policies. Bristol, UK: Policy Press. 113
95 12 A Discussion About Women s Economic Situation In Taiwan Hui-Chun Ma* and Shr-Syung Chang** *Candidate, Department of Social Welfare, National Chung Cheng University **Professor, Department of Social Welfare, National Chung Cheng University ABSTRACT Traditionally, women often play the unpaid and supportive role for housework in the family, but this lands themselves in disadvantageously economic situation. With the rising risk of disruption of family, it is not the economic shelter for women anymore. Even if women are employed, they also have to face facts like sexual restriction, sexual discrimination, unequal pay for equal work in current labour market. For women, family, work and welfare protection are three shelters for economic support. We hope to discuss the relations between family, work and women s economic situation in this article. Keywords: women, family, labour participation, women s economic situation 114