performance measurement Pro-active Reactive
II
. 1. 2 2.1.....2 2.2..2 2.2.1. 2 2.2.2. 3 2.2.3. 4 2.2.4.....5 2.2.5. 5 2.2.6 OHSAS 18001... 6 2.2.7 OHSAS 18002....7...12 3.1....12 3.2....14 3.3....16 3.3.1...16 3.3.2...16 3.3.3....19...19 4.1....20 I
4.1.1...21 4.1.2.....28 4.1.3....28 4.2.. 29 4.2.1.....29 4.2.2..... 30 4.3.. 33 4.3.1.....33 4.3.2.....33.....37... 38 II
4.1.. 34 III
4.1.....22 4.2.....25 4.3...26 4.4.....31 IV
1 (Policy) (self-employed person) (competence) (planning) (role & responsibility) (performance measurement) (reactive) (Pro-active)
2.1 (What gets measured gets done) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 2.2 2.2.1 2
...... 2.2.2 (Standards Australia) 1997 AS/NZS 4804 1997 (Occupational health and safety management systems-general guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques) AS/NZS 4804 AS/NZS 4804 : (1) (Commitment and Policy): (2) (Planning): (3) (Implementation): (4) (Measurement and Evaluation): (5) (Review and Improvement) AS/NZS 4804 3
AS/NZS 4804 : (1) (2) ( ) (3) 2.2.3 (Occupational Safety & Health Administration OSHA) (Draft proposed safety and health program rule 29CFR 1900.1 Docket No. S&H-0027) (core elements): (1) (management leadership and employee participation) 4
(2) (Hazard identification and assessment) (3) (Hazard prevention and control) (4) (Information and Training) (5) (Evaluation of program effectiveness) 2.2.4 1976 7 10 Seveso 1982 (Directive) (Directive) Council Directive 82/501/EEC(SEVESO I) 1996 Council Directive 96/82/EC(SEVESO ) SEVESO (Article 9) (Safety management system SMS) (SMS) : (1) (organization and personnel) (2) (identification and evaluation of major hazards) (3) (operational control) (4) (management of change) (5) (planning for emergencies) (6) (monitoring performance) (7) (audit and review) 2.2.5 (British standard) 1996 BS 8800 (Guide to occupational health and safety management systems) HSG 65 ISO 14001 HSG 65 (1) (OH&S Policy) 5
(2) (Organizing) (3) (Planning and implementation) (4) (Measuring performance) (5) (Periodic status review) BS 8800 ISO 14001 : (1) (OH&S Policy) (2) (Planning) (3) (Implementation and operation) (4) (Checking and corrective action) (5) (Management review) 2.2.6 OHSAS 18001 OHSAS 18001 (Occupational health and safety assessment series OHSAS 18001 Occupational health and safety management systems- Specification ) (BSI) 12 OHSAS 18001 (1) (OH&S Policy) (2) (Planning) (3) (Implementation and operation) (4) (Checking and corrective action) (5) (Management review) OHSAS 18001 (4.5.1) (4.5.2) (4.5.3) (4.5.4) 6
OHSAS 18001 : (a) (b) (c) (d) ( ) (e) 2.2.7 OHSAS 18002 OHSAS 18001 OHSAS 18002(Occupational health and safety management systems-guidelines for the implementation of OHSAS 18001) 2.2.7.1 ( ) / 2.2.7.2 ; 7
( ) ( ) 2.2.7.3 (1) (2) : ( ) 8
( ) (3) Inspection ( ) ( ) (4) 9
(5) ( ) 10
(6) 2.2.7.4 11
12 ; 3.1 (reactive) (1)
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 13
(8) (9) (10) (11) 3.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 14
(7) (8) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) 15
(23) (24) (25) ( ) (26) : (1) (2) ( ) (3) 3.3 3.3.1 (1) (2) (3) 3.3.2 16
( ) ( ) (1) (2) : (1) : / (2) : ( ) (2) (3) 17
3.3.3 (1) (2) (3) (4) 18
(positive input) (negative output) (1) (2) (3) (4) (close loop) 19
4.1 BS 8800 OHSAS18001 ; 20
4.1.1 (1) (2).... (3) (4) (5) (6).. (7) (8) : ( 4.1) ( 4.2) ( 4.3) 21
4.1. 14 15 17 22
4.1 18 26 55 27 28 66 23
4.1 29 66 30 34500V~600V 34500V~7550V 31 34500V~600V 34500V~7550V 56 61 72 48 ~ 72 53 72 24
25 4.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 1. 2. 3. 38 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 40 1. 2. 3. 4. 41 1. 2. 3. 4. 45 64
4.3 ( ) (19) [17] (19) (48) (20) [27] (20) (49) (21) [37] (21) (50) (22) [47] (22) [57] (23) (51) [67] (24) (52) (25) (25) (53) ( ) [83] (32) (59) ( ) [107] (33) (59) (34) (35) (44) (36) ( ) *2~15 ( ) [131] (57)(58) [154] (60) 26
4.3 1. 27 1.. 15 15~21 21 2. 27
4.1.2 (1) (2) 4.1.3 Bayer AG: 1995 11 (Integral plant inspection) (planning) (manufacturing and erection) (commissioning) (decommissioning) (demolition) (disposal) 28
( ) 4.2 (1)?(2)?(3)? 4.2.1 ( ) ( ) 29
4.2.2 ICI 4.2.2.1 ICI (1) 80%? ICI (operational auditing) (systems compliance audits) (a) (b) (c)? 15 30 30
4.4 : : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 11 12 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 12 4 2 1 5 1 1 6 1 1 7 4 5 4 5 4 5 6 8 0 9 0 10 4 1 11 0 12 4 1 13 5 5 5 3 14 4 4 2 15 5 4 2 16 3 1 3 1 3 1 6 17 3 3 2 18 6 1 19 2 5 2 3 20 4 1 : ( : ) 31
(2) (local procedures) (standards) (internal and external guidelines) (good practice)? ICI (specialist audit) (systems integrity audits) 4.2.2.2 (performance indicators) ( ) i i i i i i i / i i 32
4.3 (behavioural observation) (feedback) 4.3.1 ( ) ( ) 4.3.2 4.3.2.1 BASF 4.3.2.1.1 (behavioural approach of safety management) Seal Sands BASF 1996 400 300 1994 (1) (2) (Health and Safety Executive HSE) ( 4.1 accident triangle with near miss and behaviours) 33
(first aid) (near miss) (behaviours) accident triangle with near miss and behaviours 34
(3) (4) (5) (6) (no fault) 4.3.2.1.2 (1) (critical behaviours) (2) (3) (4) 4.3.2.1 Dupont Dupont STOP(safety training observation program) STOP Dupont (96%) STOP STOP (1) 35
(2) (3) (4) (5) 5S 36
Plan-Do-Check-Act-Plan (close loop) 1999 OHSAS 18001 OHSAS18001 37
1. British Standards Institution, BS 8800 Guide to Occupational health and safety management systems (1996) 2. British Standards Institution, Occupational health and safety management systems- Specification OHSAS 18001 1999 3. Health & Safety Executive, Successful health and safety management HSG 65 2 nd ed. 1997 38
( ) 90 12 41 3 (02)2754-1255 (02)2704-3753 310 195-10 51 11 1110 (03)591-2294 (03)591-8470 E-mail Rene@itri.org.tw http://www.cesh.itri.org.tw http://cesh.moeaidb.gov.tw