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6 : : 49,, [ 27 ],,,, - -,,, :,,,,, ;, [ 28 ] ( P1179),,,,,,,, :??,, :,,,, [ 29 ] ( P1170-181), ;, ;,,?,,?,, ;,,,,,, : [ 1 ]. [M ]. :, 2002. [ 2 ] [M ]1 [ 3 ] [M ]1 [ 4 ] [M ]1 [ 5 ] [M ]1 [ 6 ] [M ]1 [ 7 ]. [M ]. :, :,,,,, :, [ ] :,, 2003, 537
50 2007, 2004. [ 8 ] [M ]1 [ 9 ] [M ]1 [ 10 ] [M ]1 [ 11 ]. [M ]. :, 2003. [ 12 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 20051 [ 13 ] [M ]1 [ 14 ] [M ]1 [ 15 ] [M ]1 [ 16 ] [M ]1 [ 17 ] [ ] 1 [M ] 1, 1 :, 20031 [ 18 ] [M ]1 [ 19 ] [M ]1 [ 20 ] [ ] 1 [M ]1, 1 :, 20011 [ 21 ] [ ] 1 [M ] 1, 1 :, 19941 [ 22 ] [ ] 1 [M ] 1, 1 :, 19961 [ 23 ] [ ] 1 [ C ]1, 1 :, 20051 [ 24 ] [M ]1 [ 25 ] 1 [M ]1 :, 19981 [ 26 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, 20051 [ 27 ] 1 [A ]1, 1 : ( ) [ C ]1 :, 20061 [ 28 ] [ ] 1 [M ] 1, 1 :, 19991 [ 29 ] [ ] 1 [A ]1, 1 1 [ C ] 1 :, 20061 The Enemy of the Legalists in Pre - Q in Era: The Normative Theory on Ruling the Country through the Law HE Hai - ren ( Chinese Academ y of Social Sciences, B eijing, 100720) Abstract: The views of the legalists in p re - Q in era has long been regarded as the opposite of the ideal of modern rule of law and thus become the targets of attack when Chinese scholars talk of the origin and ideal of rule of law. The distinction made by modern Chinese legal scholars between such concep ts as " rule of law" and " rule by law", " ruling the country in accordance with the law " and " ruling the country through the law", as well as " formal and superficial rule of law" and " substantive and deep rule of law" neglects the cul2 tural continuity of the thoughts of rule of law although it aggravates the attack on the legalists in p re - Q in Era. A s a matter of fact, the basic position of the legalists in p re - Q in Era on " taking the country as a country" and " ruling the country through the law" not only gave the first voice of legal positivism, but also laid founda2 tion for the theory of ruling with single norm and that of ruling with multi norm s over human behavior. Key W ords:legalists in Pre - Q in Era; Rule of Law; Multi Norm s; Ruling in Accordance with Rules ( )