29 1 2010 01 PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY Vol.29, No.1 Jan., 2010 1 1,2 1,2 (1., 100101; 2., 100049) :, 1952 2005 53,, U, 1952, : ; ; ; ; 1 [8] 50,, 20 50, 53,,,, 3 : 30, GDP (1) 1975 42% 2005 56%, : 34% 36%, (2), [1-2], W. U 1978 [3] [4],, (3), [6] [6], [7], :2009-07; : 2009-11. (40830741) : (1961- ), E-mail: fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn 087~095
88 29 2 2.2 1952 (1) 2005 53 ( 1965 ),, 1952 [9] 2.1 (2) 1 53 (E i ), 2 (P i ) (G E (G P, 31 (Q i ) 3, : G E (x,y)= (E i Q(x i, y i )) E i G P (x,y)= (P i Q(x i, y i )) P i 12, 1 1952 (3) 1980,,,1990,1990 1 1 1952-2005 Fig.1 The center of economic gravity and population gravity of China from 1952 to 2005 2 1990,1990,2000 3
1 : 89,, [10] 2.3 (1) 53 4800 km 2, ;, 430 : km 2, S=d GE G P = 姨 (x E -x P ) 2 +(y E -y P ) 2 (2),, ;1962 θ,θ θ 0 ~180,, 30 (C),, C=1,C=-1 (3) 2000 2005, Δx Δy, :, C=cosθ = (Δx 2 2 2 2 E +ΔyE )+(ΔxP +ΔyP )-[(ΔxE -Δx P ) 2 +(Δy E -Δy P ) 2 ] 2 2 2 2 2 (Δx E +ΔyE )(ΔxP +ΔyP ) 3 (Δx = E Δx P )+Δy E Δy P ] 2 2 2 2 姨 (Δx E +ΔyE )(ΔxP +ΔyP ) 3.1 ( 2) 6 姨
90 29, 1 3.3 GDP, GDP,, 1952 GDP, ( ) ( 3) pearson,, 0.893 0.792( ),,53 4,, 1, Tab.1 Evolution stages of the coupling process of the CEG, and CPG in China,,,,,,,,,, 1 1952-1962 49.25km 2 1962-1970 54.82km 3 1970-1975 2.58km 4 1975-1990 82.47km 5 1990-2000 24.39km 6 2000-2005 4.50km 4.1 3 GDP Fig.3 Curves of overlapping of two centers of gravity, coefficient of variation, and Gini index of GDP per-capita
1 : 91 4.2 E P,,,, ( 5a) (ΔE P ) (2) II:, : 0,, ( 4) 4. 3 W R, W G ΔE P E k : W R <W G,,,, (ΔE P ) (E k ) : ΔE P =ΔE P +E k =ΔE P +W G -W R : ΔE P,E k,w G ( ),W R ( ),W R,W R, : (1) I: W R 0 W R ΔE P E k,, ;, ΔE P 4 Fig.4 The regional potential energy difference between the distribution of economy and population
92 29 ; W R =W G,, ; W R >W G,, ;,,,,,, ( 5b) (3) III: :, W, R,,,, (2) U ( 5c) 4.4 U, U,,, U ( 5),,,, U (W R ) 4.4.1 U 4.4.2 U,, U ( ), U (1), ( 6) [11] 5,,,,,, (W R ) ;, ( 2) ( 3) 1952 2005
1 : 93, U,,, 2, 5.1,1975 3 U ( 2) 5.3 1952,, 1952, 1962,, 1975,,, 1990, 53 15 3,, 21, 5.3.1 5.2 1952, 3, III, 1, 156,,, 2,,, 1952 6 U, Fig.6 multistage inverted-u-curve evolution law of 3 the spatial equilibrium of regional development 2 Tab.2 Stages of the spatial equilibrium process of regional development and their attributes!"#wá$ 23 #%&-1952 $ ()*+, -. /01 %&-1962 1952-1962 ()4-. /56 89:;<= > 2 III 7 2D 1962-1975 ()4-. /01?.@ ABC 2 III 7 1962-1990 1975-1990 ()E-. /56 GHIJ KL. 2 II 7 2M 1990-2000 ()F-. /01 A+, 2 II 7 1990 AN 2000-2005 ()O%. /56 2 III 7
94 29,,,,, 5.3.2,, (1)1962-1975 2 2000,,, III, 2000 2002 11, 2004 12,,, ;, [12],,,, (2)1975-1990, II 6, (1),,, 1980,, 10 (2) :,,, 5.3.3 (3), 2000 11990-2000,,, 1990,, U,, (4) 1952 2005,, 3,, 3 ;, U
1 : 95 [5],. 20,., 2001, 21(5): 385~389. [6], :., 2005, 81(1): 117~120. [7],. 50 (5)., 2005, 24(1): 12~16. [8],,.., 2006, 26(6): 978~981., [9],. 1952~2003., 2005, 24(1): 21~30. [10]..,,, 1997, 16(3): 8~15. [11].., 2007,, 62(4): 339~348. [12].. : [1], 2009, 28(1): 1~8., 2003. [13]. 2006 :... :, 2007. [14],,. [2],,,.., 2002, 21(1): 73~80.., 2009, 28(1): 111~118. [15],.. [3], W.., 1999, 18(4): 287~295.., 1996, 51(5): 398~407. [16]. [4],. 1978-2003. :, 2005.., 2006, 26(2): [17]., 2006. : 249~254., 2006. The Coupling Mechanism of the Centroids of Economic Gravity and Population Gravity and Its Effect on the Regional Gap in China FAN Jie 1, TAO Anjun 1,2, LV Chen 1,2 (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China) Abstract: Regional gap is an important problem that the regional development of China is facing. The distribution of economy and population, as an embodiment of the spatial equilibrium process of regional development, has a close relation with the state of regional gap. Using gravity models, it works out the center of economic gravity and population gravity (abbr. CEG and CPG), illustrates the coupling process by measuring the overlapping of two centers of gravity and the consistency of their movement, and proves that the coupling process has a high correlation with the evolution of regional gap. Then, a model of the coupling mechanism of CEG and CPG is built. Based on the model, it illustrates the spatial equilibrium process of regional development by the transition of equilibrium location and the conversion of regional potential energy difference, and reveals how the internal and external factors affect the process. Therefore, the authors advance a multistage inverted-u-curve evolution law of regional gap. Finally, it analyses the mechanism of the periodic variation of regional gap in China since 1952, and brings up a discussion of the path to coordinating the regional development of China. Key words: center of economic gravity; center of population gravity; regional development; regional gap; spatial equilibrium; China :,,.., 2010,29(1):87-95.