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2012 8 1 2. (1) ( ): (socialdesirability) ; 2 3 (2) ( ): :a. ;b. 1 (joyofgiving) B.King- CasasD.TomlinC.AnenC.CamererS.QuartzandP.Montague Getingto Know You:ReputationandTrustinaTwo-PersonEconomicExchange"Sciencevol. 308no.57182005pp.79-83. man Behaviorvol.29no.62008pp.375-383;J.BarrazaM.McCuloughS. AhmadiandP.Zak OxytocinInfusionIncreasesCharitableDonationsRegardlessof 1 2 3 MonetaryResources"Hormonesand Behaviorvol.60no.22011pp.148-151. V.MorhennJ.ParkbE.PiperandP.Zak MonetarySacrificeamongStrangersIs MediatedbyEndogenousOxytocinReleaseafterPhysicalContact"Evolutionand Hu- 0.44 0.62 (P.Sheeran) 0.53 I.Ajzen ConsumerAti- tudeand Behavior"in CurtisP.Haugtvedtetal.eds.Handbookof Consumer PsychologyNew York:LawrenceErlbaum Associates2008pp.525-548. B.King-Casasetal. GetingtoKnow You:ReputationandTrustinaTwo-Person EconomicExchange"pp.79-83;S. S. : : 2010 144 150 (T.Burnham) (B.Hare) T.Burnhamand 78 B.Hare Engineering Cooperation:DoesInvoluntary Neural ActivationIncrease Public GoodsContribution?"Human Naturevol.18no.22007pp.88-108. (M.Bate- son)
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2012 8 : H5. ( ) 2010 4 6 240 : 120 120 ; F (1836) =4.772p=0.029 : : / / / / 60 F (1836) =16.260p=0.000 : ( ) ( ) : : F (1836) =104.199p=0.000 : : (1) 2 (2) 40 ( ) : (3) 10 80
: (4) 10 ( ) : (5) 3.00 3.25 (6) 0.05 (5 ) 5 : (7) 6% 5000 300 300 300 (8) 100 160 60 5 : 100 =1 =2 =3 =4 =5 ( ) : (M=3.676SD=1.323) (M=3.322SD=1.203) ANOVA F (1836)=16.260p=0.000 H1 : =1.00 = -1.00 ( ) =1.00 ( ) = -1.00 =1.00 = -1.00 81
2012 8 ( 1) H2 1 1 B ( ) 3.449 0.042 0.203 0.042 0.159 *** 0.133 0.042 0.104 *** 0.438 0.041 0.345 *** -0.096 0.042-0.075 * -0.184 0.041-0.145 *** :R 2 =0.159 * p<0.05 *** p<0.001 : 2 t (1) t=1.214df=177p=0.226; (2) 1 82 R.BaronandD.Kenny The Moderator-Mediator VariableDistinctioninSocialPsychologicalResearch:ConceptualStrategicandSta- tisticalconsiderations"journalof Personality and SocialPsychologyvol.51no. 61986pp.1173-1182.
: t =-0.909df=256p=0.364;(3) t=5.143df=110p=0.000;(4) t=3.005df=213p=0.003 ( 2) (1) (2) H3 H4 : ; : ANOVA F (7830) =23.320p=0.000 F (3834) =52.317p =0.000 LSD ( 2 3) 3 (1) / 4.00 83
2012 8 (2) / 3.50 (3) / 3.00 (4) / 3.00 (1) (2) H3 H4 (3) (4) H5 2 LSD (I) (J) (I-J) / :3.305/3.463 / : / :3.533/3.765 2.500/2.800 / :2.500/2.800 / : / :3.533/3.765 3.305/3.463 / :2.500/2.800 / : / :3.305/3.463 3.533/3.765 / :2.500/2.800 / : / :3.305/3.463 4.028/4.150 / :4.028/4.150 / :4.028/4.150 / :4.028/4.150 / :3.533/3.765-0.69352 *** -0.98715 *** -1.38365 *** 0.69352 *** -0.29363 ** -0.69013 *** 0.98715 *** 0.29363 ** -0.39650 *** 1.38365 *** 0.69013 *** 0.39650 *** : ** p<0.05 *** p<0.001 84
: ( ) ( 2) ; ( 3) (0.438>0.203) ( 1) ( 3) ANOVA F=21.826p=0.000 F=101.874p=0.000; Eta 0.026 0.997 0.109 1.00 1 (0.133) (0.203) (0.438) (-0.096) (-0.148) ( 1) F=9.169p=0.003 Eta (0.011) (0.865) ( ) 1 (1) 1 : C. : 349 85
2012 8 (2) ( 3 ) 3 ( )(I) ( )(J) ( K) I-K J-K (I-K)-(J-K) 1 2.675 2.395 2.5 0.175-0.105 + 2 3.081 3.361 3.463-0.382-0.102 + 3 3.551 3.639 3.533 0.018 0.106-4 3.957 3.869 3.765 0.192 0.104 + 5 2.941 2.853 2.8 0.141 0.053 + 6 3.347 3.435 3.305 0.042 0.13-7 3.817 4.097 4.15-0.333-0.053 + 8 4.223 3.943 4.028 0.195-0.085 + 0.384 0.0732 + :1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;5. ;6. ;7. ;8. +: ;-: 1 (la- tent) 1 J.HeymanandD.Ariely EfortforPayment:A TaleofTwo Markets"pp.787-793. 86
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2012 8 1 (perception) : 20 : : 1 S.BrosnanandF.de Waal MonkeysRejectUnequalPay"Naturevol.425no.18 2003pp.297-299;E.FehrandS.Gɑ chter FairnessandRetaliation:TheEconomics ofreciprocity"journalof Economic Perspectivesvol.14no.32000pp.159-181;G.Bo- ltonandr.zwick AnonymityversusPunishmentinUltimatum Bargaining"Gamesand E- conomic Behaviorvol.10no.11995pp.95-121. 88
2012 8 terminedbypurereason.asakindofevaluativeinterpretationemotionsguideexpe- rientialmodelsorscenarios.theemotionalevaluativesystemdoesnotinitselfconsti- tuteaframeworkofviewsorobservations.ratherasakindofsetingorcontextit enablesmaterstoberegardedinaparticularwayorimaginedinaparticularfashion. (3)EffectoftheOld-AgeInsuranceContributiononConsumptionandSavings BaiChong enwu Binzhenand Jin Ye 48 Giventhatafamilymayfacecreditconstraintsandmayatthesametimebemoti- vatedtoengageintargetedsavingthecurrentold-ageinsurancecontributionmayre- ducecurrentdisposableincomewhichmayinturnrestrictconsumptionandincrease therateofsavings.thisstudyemploysdatafromthe2002-2009 Urban Household SurveyconductedinnineprovincesandmunicipalitiesinChinaandusestime-variant changesinold-ageinsurancecontributionandparticipationratesacrossdiferentcities toconstructtheinstrumentalvariableoffamilyold-agecontribution.theresults showthatbefore2006althoughtheincreasedcoverageofold-ageinsurancedidhelp stimulateconsumptionatgivenpre-contributionincomelevelsandinsurancecover- ageanincreaseintheold-ageinsurancecontributionratewouldsignificantlyrestrict familyconsumption.moreovertheburdenofold-ageinsurancecontributionshashad amainlynegativeefectongeneralconsumption. (4)TheBoundariesofGoodDeeds:PublicGoodChoicesinConflictsbetweenSocial Normsand MarketNorms-AStudyofStudentsfromShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity Ge Yanand Qin Yulin 72 Thisstudylooksatthemoderatingroleofpublic-goodcostsanddecision-makingset- tingsintheprocessbywhichbehavioralnormsafectpublicgoodpredispositionsinatest scenarioinvolvingconflictsbetweensocialnormsandmarketnorms.theresultsshowthat public-goodpredispositionishighestunderlow-costandhigh-socializationconditions;itis secondhighestunderlow-costandlow-socializationconditions;itissecondlowestunder high-costandsocial-norm conditions;anditislowestunderhigh-costand market-norm conditions.theintroductionofsetingsandcostsasmoderatingvariablescansignificantly improvethepredictabilityofaltruisticchoices. Research Report InnovationinPhilosophyandSocialSciencesinChineseHigherEducation:Ideasand Approaches ASurveyBasedonFiftyUniversitiesinChina Shen Zhuanghaiand Zhang Falinetal. 89 From November2009toFebruary2010ourprojectgroupconductedanation- widequestionnairesurveyinfiftyuniversitiesacrosstwenty-twoprovincesmunicipal- 204