NTC90-葉虹文.PDF

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "NTC90-葉虹文.PDF"

乐范徐
7 years ago
Views:

3 Albert Big Bird Usha

4 / / 4

5 Abstract Using this article as a start, I am scrutinizing Michael Ende's The Neverending Story. Analyzing its "the secondary world " and its "quest process". The Neverending Story is an art of the modern fantasy, with an unique expressing style entirely different from the common fantasy. For the setting in this work goes beyond our everyday's "primary world", the so called "secondary world" which is the main setting here is included too. Using his imagination, the author created the "secondary world", which in some areas are similar with the "primary world". What we are trying to say here is that certain components like history, people, art, civilizations, geography, believes, etc, are similar for both the "primary" & "secondary" worlds, however, it is unnecessary for every single components to be the same for it to be called a "secondary world". Of course, the more the similarities, the clearer the descriptions, and thus forming a more serious "secondary world". Therefore, we can see that this article tries to scrutinize the "secondary world" in Michael Ende's The Neverending Story through a few areas such as history, people, & geography. Besides that, due to the fact that The Neverendind Story consists of both "primary world" and "secondary world", I here am trying to find out whether there is any link between the two worlds, and if the answer is yes, then what is source of communication? As for the "quest " part of The Neverending Story, I use the " home/away/home" style as the starting point. Besides using the description of " the adventures of the hero" in Joseph Campbell's " hero of thousand faces" as a conclusion to end this part of the analysis. Keywords: children s literature, modern fantasy, Michael Ende, The Neverending Story, the secondary world, the quest

7 1

8 Wilhelm- Hauff- Prize 2

9 (Edgar Ende) (Luise) Tienemanns 3

10 Wilhelm-Hauff-Prize 4

11 Michael Ende Memo Die Unendliche Geschichte 5

12 / / 6

13 3. 7

16 (Modern Fantasy) H () (fantasy) 1 Lukens(1990) 2 (David Russell) 3Sutherland(1997) 10

17 4 (myths) (fairy tales) (folktales) mythos 5 Sutherland(1997) Children and Books 6 11

18 (fairy tales) 7 (folktales) Sutherland 12

19 13

20 (secondary world) (J. R. R. Tolkien) (the University of St. Andres) Charles Williams On Fairy Stories Leaf by Niggle (Tree and Leaf ) (primary world ) (secondary world ) 14

21 (The Hobbit) (High Fantasy) (Low (Zahorski) (Boyer) (The Secondary Worlds of High Fantasy, 1982) (setting) (nonrational happenings) 15

22 (magical) (supernatural) portal 16

23 Sullivan III (High Fantasy,1996) (Beowulf) (Ann ) 17

24 C. S. 18

25 Jill May P 10 (Low Fantasy) (High Fantasy) (high) (low) 11 19

26 (Romanticism)

27 (boredom) 14 (Utopia) 21

28 (Sir Thomas More) eutopia / outopia 15 (magic) 22

29 16 A. A

30 24

31 1. H Lukens J. Rebecca, A Critical Handbook of Children s Literature. (U.S.A.: HarperCollins college Publishers, 1996), p Russell. L. David, Fantasy, Russell. L. David, Literature for Children A Short Introduction. (N.Y.: Longman Group Ltd., 1994), p Sutherland Zena, Fantasy Sutherland Zena, Children and Books. (U.S.A.: Addison- Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 1997), p Sutherland Zena, Fantasy Sutherland Zena, Children and Books. (U.S.A.: Addison- Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 1997), p Sutherland Zena, Fantasy Sutherland Zena, Children and Books. (U.S.A.: Addison- Wesley Educational Publishers Inc., 1997), p Zahorski K. J & Boyer R. H., The Secondary Worlds of High 25

32 Fantasy Schlobin C., ed, The Aesthetics of Fantasy Literature and Art.( USA : the Harvester Press Ltd., 1982), p May Jill P., Understanding Utopian Worlds in Children s Literature, May Jill. P., Children s Literature and Critical Theory Reading and writing for Understanding. (N.Y.: Oxford University Press,1995), p Tolkien J. R. R., On Fairy- Stories, The Tolkien Reader. (Curtis Publishing Co., 1966), p68~ Manlove Colin, Secondary World Fantasy, Manlove Colin, The Fantasy Literature of England. (N.Y.: St. Martin s Press, Inc., 1999), p Tolkien J. R. R., On Fairy- Stories The Tolkien Reader. (Curtis Publishing Co., 1966), p Lurie Alison, Back to Pooh Corner. Lurie Alison, Don t Tell the Grown-Ups the Subversive Power of Children s Literature (U.S.A.: Little Brown and Company, 1990), p Lurie Alison Back to Pooh Corner. Lurie Alison, Don t Tell the Grown-Ups the Subversive Power of Children s Literature (U.S.A.: Little Brown and Company, 1990), p

33 (Zahorski) (Boyer) portal 27

34 C. S. (The Lion, The Witch, and Wardrobe, 1950) (Magician s Nephew, 1955) (Prince Caspian, 1951) (The Silver Chair, 1953) (The Voyage of The Dawn Treader, 1952) (ENesbit) (The Story of Amulet ) (Lewis Carroll, Alice s Adventures in Wonderland,1867) ( Mary Poppins) (Frank Baum) (The Wonderful Wizard of Oz,1899) -- (Oz) (Philippa Pearce) 28

35 (Tom s Midnight Garden, 1958) 29

36 30

37 (Atlantis) 31

38 32

39 (Oz) 2 33

40 34

41 (170) 35

42 36

43 (Dictionary of Symbolic & Mythological Animals, 1992)

44 6 7 38

45 39

46 RA (Gray dwarfs) (Kuo- toa) (Darkelf) 8 J. K (J. K. Rowling) (Harry Potter and the Philosopher s Stone,1997) 40

47 41

48 42

49 43

50 The Lord of Rings (Middle-Earth) (The Hobbit ) 9 (Bilbo) 44

51 --- 45

52 46

53 ( )

54 48

56 50

57 10 51

58 Cooper J. C, Dictionary of Symbolic & Mythological Animals. (G.B: HarperCollins, 1992) (4) (4) (4) RA (1)

59 (quest) (Northrop Frye) The Harper Handbook of Literature (romance) (motif) (James Joyce) (Ulysses) (William Faulkner) (Light in August) 1 53

60 (Anatomy of Criticism :Four Essays) (quest) 2 3 (Joseph Campbell) (. G. Jung) 54

61 (4) 5 55

62 6 (moral stature) (power of action) (kind) (degree) 7 56

63 9 (Mark Twain) (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, 1876) (Robert Louis Stevenson) (Treasure Island, 1883) (J. M. 57

64 Barrie) (Peter Pan, 1904) (Antoine de Saint- Exupery) (Le Petit Prince, 1943) (L. Frank Baum) (J. R. R. Tolkien)? Nikolajeva Maria Children s Literature Comes of Age --- Toward a New Aesthetic (the circular journey) / / / home departure from home- adventure- return home 10 Perry Nodelman (The Pleasures of Children s literature) / / home - away - home 58

65 59 / / / / /

66 60

67 61

68 13 62

69 63

70 64

71 65

72 66

73 67

74 19 68

75 69

76 / Butts Dennis Shaping Boyhood: Empire Builders Adventures 70

77 21 (romance) 22 71

79 73

81 --- 75

82 Dennis --- Dennis 76

87 81

88 426 Erich Neumann -- (The Great Mother An Analysis of The Archetype ) 27 82

89 28 29 (Raven) 83

90 30 James S. Jacobs Michael O. Tunnel (fantastic objects) 84

93 87

94 220 88

95 (Natalie Babbit) hero s round

96 90

97 91

98 92

99 93

100 94

101 (Maurice Sendak) (Where the Wild Things Are) (Beatrix Potter) (The Tale of Peter Rabbit, 1902) / / 95

102 -- 96

103 33 97

104 / / / 98

105 (Oz) C. S / / 99

106 100

107 1. Frye, Northrop, The Harper Handbook of Literature (GB: Longman Group Ltd., 1997), p (2) (4) (2) Nikolajeva Maria, From Circular to Linear Journey Nikolajeva Maria, Children s Literature Comes of Age -- Toward a New Aesthteic (U.S.A.: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1996), p Perry Nodelman (11)

108 (13) (13) EL D. Escarpit / Butts Dennis, Shaping Boyhood: Empire Builders Adventures, Hunt Peter & Ray Sheila, eds., International Companion Encyclopedia of Children s Literature (N.Y.: Routledge, 1996), p (2)

109 26. (4) (27) (4) (4) Jacobs James S. & Tunnel Michael O., Modern Fantasy. Jacobs, James S.& Tunnel, Michael O., eds., Children s Literature, Briefly, (Prentice Hall, Inc, 1996), p (31)p

110 (mise en abyme)/ (Gide) (Mieke Bal) insertion (subordination) (homogeneity) 1 104

111 metafiction 105

112 106

113 / / 107

114 / / / / 108

115 109

116 / / C.S (The Last Battle, 1956) 110

117 ,03 111

118 1998,03 112

119 113

120 114

121 0 115

122 1. Auden, W. H.. The Fairy Tale: the Reader in the Secondary World. Meek Margaret, Warlow Aidan & Barton Griselda. eds.. The Cool Web---The Pattern of Children s Reading. N.Y.: Atheneum Beatrix, Potter. The Tale of Peter Rabbit. London: Frederick Warne Butts, Dennis. Shaping Boyhood: Empire Builders Adventures. Hunt Peter & Ray Sheila. eds.. International Companion Encyclopedia of Children s Literature. N.Y.: Routledge Cooper J. C. Dictionary of Symbolic & Mythological Animals. G.B: HarperCollins F rye, Northrop. The Harper Handbook of Literature. G.B.: Longman Group Ltd Jacobs, James S. & Tunnel, Michael O. Modern Fantasy. Jacobs, James S. & Tunnel, Michael O. eds.. Children s Literature, Briefly. Prentice Hall, Inc Lewis, C. S.. The Lion, The Witch, and Wardrobe. NY: HarperCollins Publishers Lewis, C. S.. Magician s Nephew. N.Y.: HarperCollins Publishers Lewis, C. S.. Prince Caspian. N.Y.: HarperCollins Publishers Lewis, C. S.. The Silver Chair. N.Y.: HarperCollins 116

123 Publishers Lewis, C. S.. The Voyage of The Dawn Treader. N.Y.: HarperCollins Publishers Lurie Alison. Back to Pooh Corner. Lurie Alison. Don t Tell the Grown-Ups the Subversive Power of Children s Literature. U.S.A.: Little Brown and Company Manlove, Colin. Secondary World Fantasy. Manlove Colin The Fantasy Literature of England. N.Y.: St. Martin s Press, Inc Nikolajeva, Maria. From Circular to Linear Journey. Nikolajeva Maria. Children s Literature Comes of Age -- Toward a New Aesthetic. U.S.A.: Garland Publishing, Inc Maurice, Sendak. Where the Wild Things Are. U.S.A.Harper Trophy May, Jill. P.. Understanding Utopian Worlds in Children s Literature. May Jill. P.. Children s Literature and Critical Theory Reading and writing for Understanding. N.Y.: Oxford University Press Philippa, Pearce. Tom s Midnight Garden. N.Y.: HarperCollins Publishers Rabkin, S. Eric. The Fantastic and Escape. Rakin S. Eric. The Fantastic in Literature. U.S.A.: Princeton University Press Rabkin, S. Eric. The Sources of the Fantastic. Rabkin S. Eric. Fantastic Worlds Myths, Tales, and Stories. U.S.A.: Oxford University Press

124 20. Rebecca, J. Lukens. A Critical Handbook of Children s Literature. U.S.A.: HarperCollins Publishers Russell, L. David. Fantasy. Russell. L. David. Literature for Children A Short Introduction. (N.Y.: Longman Group Ltd., 1994) 22. Sullivan, III C. W.. High Fantasy. Hunt Peter & Ray Sheila. eds.. International Companion Encyclopedia of Children s Literature. Routledge& Kegan Paul plc Sutherland, Zena. Fantasy. Sutherland Zena. Children and Books. U.S.A.: Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers Inc Swinfen, Ann. Secondary World. Swinfen Ann. In Defence of Fantasy---A Study of the Genre in English and American Literature since Routledge & Kegan Paul plc Tolkien J. R. R. On Fairy-Stories The Tolkien Reader. Curtis Publishing Co Townsend, John Rowe Modern fantasy (i):just like us, Modern fantasy (ii):imagined lands, Modern fantasy (iii):on the margin. Townsend John Rowe. Written for Children. GB:Mackays of Chatham plc Zahorski, Kenneth. J. & Boyer, Robrt. H. The Secondary Worlds of High Fantasy. Schlobin C. ed.. The Aesthetics of Fantasy Literature and Art. U.S.A.: the Harvester Press Ltd

125 1960. Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivfuhrer Jim Knopf und die Wilde (Momo) (Die unendliche Geschichte) Juggler s Tale (Das Gauklermarchen) (Der Spiegel im Spiegel) Ophelia s Shadow Theatre (Der Satanarchaolugenialkohollische Wunschpunsch) (Die Vollmondlegende) (Die Zauberschule und andere Geschichten ) 119

126

127

第一節「第二世界」定義

第一節「第二世界」定義現代幻想作品中的第二世界架構 ---- 以麥克. 安迪之說不完的故事為例葉虹文 ( 文的右邊加三撇 ) 國立台東師範學院兒童文學研究所碩士班摘要綜觀台灣兒童文學市場, 多是被英美日本作品所獨佔, 鮮少有來自其他地區的作品 ; 因而