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1 39 6 Vol.39, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Nov., 2008 C (Lateolabrax japonicus) * 1, ( ; ; ), C ( ) ( ) C, C mg/kg,, C 103.0mg/kg ; C mg/kg, C C (P<0.05), C, C 97.2mg/kg 105.0mg/kg; C, C 396.4mg/kg,, C 400mg/kg, C,,, S C, C, L-2, C, (Wilson et al, 1973; Fracalossi et al, 2001), C (Wilson et al, 1973; Lim et al, 1978), (Durve et al, 1982; Navarre et al, 1989; Montero et al, 1999) (Lateolabrax japonicus),,, (, 2000;, 2002; Ai et al, 2007; Mai et al, 2006), C (Ai et al, 2004), C, C, C ,, ( 1) 2, 6, 3, ( )g m 3, 20, (P>0.05) C ( *, 2007BAD29B04 ;, 2007B ; ( ), A200501G01,,, zlb@hzu.edu.cn :,, wanganl@scnu.edu.cn : , :

2 672 39, C 35.0%) C, 1 6 C 0( ) mg/kg ( C, C ),,,, 0.45mm, 2.0mm, 50, 10 ( 1.3.2) C mg/kg, C 0 ( ) C 49.3 C 98.9 C C C 表 1 基础饲料组成及营养水平 ( ) Tab.1 Composition of basic diet and nutrition value (air-dry basis) (%) (%) ) ) (%) ) ) ; 2) kg NaF 2mg KI 0.8mg CoCl 2 6H 2 O 50mg CuSO 4 5H 2 O 10mg FeSO 4 H 2 O 80mg ZnSO 4 H 2 O 50mg MnSO 4 H 2 O 60mg MgSO 4 7H 2 O 1200mg Ca(H 2 PO 3 ) mg NaCl 100mg zoelite 15450mg; 3) kg B 1 25mg 45mg B 6 ( ) 20mg B mg K 3 10mg 800mg 60mg 200mg 20mg 1.20mg A 32mg D 3 5mg E 120mg 2500mg 150mg 18520mg 1.2 ; ,, (DO) 6mg/L, 28 29, NH + 4 -N 0.8mg/L 3.0%, 2.0%,, (9.. 30, ), 3, 10min ,, (FE, %) = (W t W 0 ) / F 100% (Survival, %) = N t / N 0 100% (WR, %) = ( Wt W0 ) / W0 100% (SGR, %) = (lnw t lnw 0 ) / t 100%, W t t (g), W 0 (g), t (d), F t (g), Wt t (g), W0 (g), N t t ( ), N 0 ( ) C GB/T GB/T GB/T GB/T GB/T (, 2002) 1.3.3, 1h, 4, 2000r/min 15min Sigma, (1995) 100mg 150ml 1/15mol/L ph 6.4 PBS,, ;, 2ml, 200 μl, A min, 10min, 570nm A U L = (A 0 A) / A 0,,,,, 50%, CH 50 (2002), (U) = 1/ C 3,, C,, C (2001),, 1 2g 2ml 1.84mol/L 0.5ml Folin B, 5min, 10000r/min 5min, 760nm, y = 0.01x (R 2 = ) C

3 6 : C (Lateolabrax japonicus) DPS v7.55, P<0.05 Excel C, 2 2, C C (P>0.05), C 98.9mg/kg, C, (P<0.05); C 98.9mg/kg,, C (P>0.05), C,, C 103.0mg/kg( 1), 5 (P>0.05) 2, C C (P<0.05), C C mg/kg,, 396.4mg/kg, (P<0.05) Tab.2 表 2 饲料维生素 C 添加量对花鲈幼鱼生长和免疫的影响 Effects of dietary vitamin C on growth and immune response of juvenile L. japonicus C 0 C 49.3 C 98.9 C C C (g) a a a a a a (g) a a b b b b (%) a b c c c c (%) a b c c c c (%) a b c c c c (%) a b b b b b (IU/ml) a b bc bc cd d (U/ml) a b b b c d (P<0.05) 1 C Fig.1 Effects of dietary vitamin C on specific growth rate of juvenile L. japonicus 2.2 C C C C 2 2, C, C C, (P<0.05), C mg/kg, C C (P<0.05), C 98.9mg/kg, C (P>0.05)

4 C C Fig.2 Effect of dietary vitamin C on tissue vitamin C concentrations in juvenile L. japonicus, (P<0.05) C C,, C C 97.2mg/kg( 3); C C,, C C 105.0mg/kg( 4) 3 C C Fig.3 3 Effects of dietary vitamin C on liver vitamin C concentrations in juvenile L. japonicus 3.1 C C,,, C, C (Lateolabrax japonicus Cuvier et Valenciennes) (Ai et al, 2004) (Epinephelus malabaricus 4 C C Fig.4 Effects of dietary vitamin C on muscle vitamin C concentrations in juvenile L. japonicus Schneider) (, 2005) (Micropterus salmoides Lac p de) (, 2006), C, C C, ; C 98.9mg/kg,, C,, Ai (2004), C C Lee (1998), 鲉 (Sebastes schlegeli Higendorf) C, C, C, C,, C C (, 2003), Lee (1998) (2005), 鲉 C C,, C, C C, C 98.9mg/kg, C, C,, C C

5 6 : C (Lateolabrax japonicus) mg/kg 105.0mg/kg, C C, C, C, C, 3.2 C, Marja (1992),,,,, (2000) C (Epinephelus awoara Temminck et Schlegel) C, C 49.3mg/kg, ; Ai (2004) 489.0mg/kg,, C, C C, C, C, C1 C1q, C Li (1985) Hardie (1991) (2000) C (Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque) (Salmo salar Linnaeus),, C C (C 0 ), C,, C, C 3.3 C C mg/kg,, C 70mg/kg(, 2005), (Oplegnathus fasciatus Temminck et Schlegel) 12mg/kg(Wang et al, 2003), C 98.9mg/kg,,, C 103.0mg/kg ; C, C 98.9mg/kg, C,, C C 97.2mg/kg 105.0mg/kg, C (Dabrowski et al, 2001; Montero et al, 1999),, (Sparus aurata L.) C 250mg/kg,, mg C, (Mulero et al, 1998; Ortuno et al, 2001); C 3000mg/kg, (Hardie et al, 1991),, C C mg/kg,,, C 396.4mg/kg, C 100mg/kg, C 396.4mg/kg,,, C, 400mg/kg,,, , 3(2): , :, 70 92,,, , 26(6):

6 676 39,, C E., 10: ,,, C (Epinephelus coioides) C., 36(2): ,, :, 48 56,,, C., 19(1): 58 63,,, C., 2(3): 40 45, Folin B., 17(3): 31 32,,, , 15(3): Ai Q H, Mai K S, Zhang C X et al, Effects of dietary vitamin C on growth and immune response of Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 242: Ai Q H, Mai K S, Zhang W B et al, Effects of exogenous enzymes (phytase, non-starch polysaccharide enzyme) in diets on growth, feed utilization, nitrogen and phosphorus excretion of Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 147(2): Dabrowski K, Ciereszko A, Ascorbic acid and reproduction in fish: endocrine regulation and gamete quality. Aquaculture Research, 32: Durve V S, Lovell R T, Vitamin C and disease resistance in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Can J Fish Aquat Sci, 39: Fracalossi D M, Allen M E, Yuyama L K et al, Ascorbic acid biosynthesis in Amazonian fishes. Aquaculture, 192: Hardie L J, Fletcher T C, Secombes C J, The effect of dietary vitamin C on the immune response of the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.. Aquaculture, 95(2): Lee K J, Kim K W, Bai C, Effects of different dietary levels of L-asorbic acid on growth and tissue vitamin C concentration in juvenile Korean rockfish. Aquaculture Research, 29(4): Li Y, Lovell R T, Elevated levels of dietary ascorbic acid increase immune responses in channel catfish. J Nutr, 115(1): Lim C, Lovell R T, Pathology of the vitamin C deficiency syndrome in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Journal of Nutrition, 108: Mai K S, Zhang L, Ai Q H et al, Dietary lysine requirement of juvenile Japanese seabass, Lateolabrax japonicus. Aquaculture, 258: Marja M, Antti S, Changes in plasma lysozyme and blood leucocyte levels of hatchery-reared Atlantic Salmon and sea trout during parr-smolt transformation. Aquaculture, 106: Montero D, Marrero M, Izquierdo M S et al, Effect of vitamin E and C dietary supplementation on some immune parameters of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) juveniles subjected to crowding stress. Aquaculture, 168: Mulero V, Esteban M A, Meseguer J et al, Effects of in vitro addition of exogenous vitamins C and E on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) phagocytes. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Navarre O, Halver J, Disease resistance and humoral antibody production in rainbow trout fed high levels of vitamin C. Aquaculture, 79: Ortuno J, Cuesta A, Esteban M A et al, Effects of oral administration of high vitamin C and E dosages on the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) innate immune system. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, Wang X J, Kin K W, Bai S C et al, Effect of the different levels of dietary vitamin C on growth and tissue ascorbic acid changes in parrot fish (Oplegnathus fasciatus). Aquaculture, 215: Wilson R P, Poe W E, Impaired collagen formation in the scorbutic channel catfish. Journal of nutrition, 103:

7 6 : C (Lateolabrax japonicus) 677 EFFECTS OF DIETARY VITAMIN C ON GROWTH AND IMMUNINTY OF JUVENILE JAPANESE SEABASS LATEOLABRAX JAPONICUS ZHOU Li-Bin 1, 2, ZHANG Wei 1, WANG An-Li 1, MA Xi-Lan 2, ZHANG Hai-Fa 3, LIUFU Yong-Zhong 3 (1. College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangzhou, ; 2. Department of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou, ; 3. Guangdong Daya Bay Fisheries Development Center, Huizhou, ) Abstract The effects of dietary vitamin C on growth performance (growth rate, feed efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, and survival rate), and immunity (lysozyme activity and total complement activity) of juvenile Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus were studied with the extension to the vitamin C accumulation and distribution in different organs or tissues of the fish. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were formulated in gradient level of vitamin C at 0, 49.3, 98.9, 197.5, and mg/kg diet, and fed the fish twice a day (07:30 and 16:30) for 8 weeks in 18 floating net cages ( m 3 ) containing 20 fish [initial weight: (10.5±1.0)g]. The growth performance of the fish fed with the vitamin C enriched diets was significantly better than that of the control (P<0.05). The growth rate and specific growth rate increased significantly with increasing dietary vitamin C from 0 to 106.6mg/kg, the best, so did the vitamin C concentrations in organs of the fish (P<0.05), especially in liver and muscle. Beyond 98.9mg/kg of vitamin C (P>0.05), no significant differences were observed in the performance. The vitamin C concentration reached maximum value in liver and muscle at 97.2 and 105.0mg/kg, respectively. The vitamin C enriched feed also enhanced the lysozyme activity and total complement activity of serum significantly with increasing dietary content, and reached maximal level at 396.4mg/kg. Therefore, in our practice, 400 mg/kg of dietary vitamin C was the best. Key words Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus, Vitamin C, Growth, Immune response, Tissue concentration

Microsoft Word 曹伏君_new_.doc

Microsoft Word 曹伏君_new_.doc 45 2 Vol.45, No.2 2014 3 OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Mar., 2014 (Lethrinus erythropterus) * ( 524025) Wright (Lethrinus erythropterus),,,, ; ; ; Q954.56 doi: 10.11693/hyhz20140100011 (Lethrinus erythropterus)