中國的科學與中國的公民：大陸研究在台灣的困境\\

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员础延柳
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1 entrepreneurship entrepreneurial spirit Lewis, 1980 Drucker, *

2 Doig & Hargrove, 1987 David Osborne Ted Gaebler Reinventing Government Osbrone & Gaebler, Goodsell, 1993 Terry, 1993 Bellone & Goerl, 1993 Schneider, et al., 1995 Wamsley & Wolf, 1993 Fox, 1996 entrepreneurial government Jean. B. Say, X 1993 governance Albert Gore, Jr. (the National Performance Review) Charles J. Fox Fox, 1996: Brian O Connell O Connell, 1996 public entrepreneurship Larry D. Terry

3 Terry, 1993 H. George Frederickson social equity hollowed up Frederickson, 1996: Mark Schneider the Local Market for Public Goods political entrepreneurs bureaucratic entrepreneurs Schneider, et al., 1995 Nancy C. Roberts Paula J. King policy entrepreneur Roberts & King, a 1996b 1997a 1997b

4 Kamensky, 1996: 249 state society 1993

5 Joseph A. Schumpeter innovation risk-taking creative destruction imitators the organization of society civilization the bourgeoisie

6 368 Schumpeter, 1962 deregulation privatization Chrisler Lee Iacocca a supply-side work better and cost less

7 a community Kamensky, 1996: priority John K. Galbraith techno-structure Bowden, 1981: hierarchy governance

8 370 Fox, 1996

9 Jean L. Cohen Andrew Arato civil society political society economic society intimate Cohen & Arato, 1992: ix right

10 372 Cohen & Arato, 1992: ix-x David Easton political system Easton, 1965 legitimacy crisis accumulation crisis Larry D. Terry administrative conservatorship Terry, 1990

12 374 incrementalism Terry, 1990; 1993 radical 1993 Schneider, et al., 1995 Roberts & King, 1996 partnership 309,000 Gore, 1997: Chapter 1, p.2 Executive Order

13 a revolution within the Federal Government Gore, 1997: Chapter 2, p3 Walker, 1996: Gore, 1994: 4

14 376 Fox, 1996 Walker, 1996

15 a debureaucratization a 1995b

18 Lee Iacocca and Willian Novak, 1984, Iacocca An Autobiography. 1996a 1996b 1997a 1997b Reinventing Government 1996

19 David Osborne and Ted Gaebler, 1992, Reinventing Government - How the Entrepreneurial Spirit IsTransforming the Public Sector Reading,Mass.: Addison Wesley a 1995b 1997 Bellone, Carl J. and George F. Goerl In Defense of Civic Regarding Entrepreneurship or Helping Wolves to Promote Good Citizenship. Public Administrative Review, Vol.53, No.4 (July/ August 1993): Bowden, Elbert V Economic Evolution.Cincinnati:South - Western

20 382 Publishing Co. Cohen, Jean L.and Andrew Arato Civil Society and Political Theory. Cambrigdge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Doig, J. W.and E.C. Hargrove, eds Leadership and Innovation: A Biographical Perspective on Entrepreneurs in Government. Maryland: Johns Hopkins Univesity Press. Drucker, Peter F Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles. New York: Harper Collins. Easton, David A Framework for Political Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Fox, Charles J Reinventing Government As Postmodern Symbolic Politics. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Frederickson, H. George Comparing the Reinventing Government Movement With the New Public Administration. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Goodsell, C.T Reinventing Government or Rediscover It? Public Administrative Review, Vol.53, No.1 (January/February, 1993): Gore, Albert, Jr An Open Letter to Public Managers The Public Manager, Winter : 3-5. Gore, Albert, Jr Business like Govemment. A Report of the National Performance Review. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Kamensky, John M. 1996: Role of the Reinventing Government Movement in Federal Management Reform. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May /June 1996): Lewis, E Public Entrepreneurship: Toward a Theory of Bureaucratic Political Power. Indiana :Indiana University Press.

21 O'Connell, Brian A Major Transfer of Government Responsibility to Voluntary Organization? Proceed with Caution Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Osborne, David and Ted Gaebler Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit Is Transforming the Public Sector. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Rago, William V Struggles in Transformation: A Study in TQM, Leadership, and Organizational Culture in a Government Agency. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Roberts, Nancy and Paula J. King Transforming Public Policy: Dynamics of Policy Entrepreneurship and Innovation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers. Schneider, Mark; Paul Teske; and Michael Mintrom Public Entrepreneurs: Agents for Change in American Government. New Jersey : Princeton University Press. Schumpter, Joseph A Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy.New York : Harper & Row. Terry, Larry D Leadership in the Administrative State:The Concept of Administrative Conservatorship. Public Administrative Review, Vol.21, No.4 (February,1990): Terry, Larry D Why We Should Abandon the Misconceived Quest to Reconcile Public Entrepreneurship with Democracy: A Response to Bellone and Goerl's Reconciling Public Entrepreneurship and Democracy. Public Administrative Review, Vol.53, No.4 (July/August 1993): Thompson, James R. and Patricia W. Ingraham The Reinvention Game. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Walker, David The Advent of an Ambiguous Federalism and the

22 384 Emergence of New Federalism. Public Administrative Review, Vol.56, No.3 (May/June 1996): Wamsley, G.L. and J.L. Wolf, eds Refounding Democratic Public Administration: Modern Paradoxes, Postmodern Challenges. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

23 Entrepreneurship and Government Reinvention Chyuan-Jequ Shiau Abstract While Jean B. Say defined the concept of entrepreneurship as improving resources utilization by efficient and effective manners, Joseph A. Schumpeter highlighted its connotations of innovation and risk-taking and especially in a holistic and long-term perspective. Following a Schumpeterian version rather than a Say s one, this article analyzes first why entrepreneurship was spotlighted in the global tide of private and public organizational reconstructions, beginning in the 1970 s. Furthermore, based upon a theoretical framework that contains the structural relations between the state and society and the corresponding changes of these relations in the dynamic domestic and international political economy, this paper anatomizes the implications that can be derived from the concept of entrepreneurship to the pervasive government reinventing movement. This areicle also discusses the implication of the entrepreneurial spirit to the current government reform in Taiwan.

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张金阁摘要 : 中共十八大报告指出, 要稳步推进大部制改革, 健全部门职责体系, 优化行政层级和行政区划设置, 严格控制行政机构编制并减少领导职数然而与之相伴随的是, 近年来越来越多的行政机构升格蔓延成风, 这已然成为当前公