攀西地区特色产业扶贫发展经验研究——以攀枝花市米易县为例_王美英

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1 2015 /03 29 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY DOI /j. issn F A % % % 5. 11% 0. 68% ~ ~ %

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10 2015 /03 29 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY The Experience of Using Poverty Alleviation with Characteristic Industries in the Region of the Panzhihua - Xichang Taking Miyi County of Panzhihua as a Case Study Wang Meiying Southwest Nationalities Research Academy Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu Sichuan China JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY VOL. 5 NO CN /C in Chinese DOI /j. issn In recent years in order to in- Abstract Miyi county lies along the southeast crease the income from agriculture and help the edge of Qinghai - Tibetan plateau. It is in the masses to alleviate poverty and achieve prosperity southwest corner of Sichuan province to the northeast Miyi county depending on the advantage of its u- of Panzhihua and lies at the intersection of the nique climate has tried to build a characteristic Yalong River and its tributary the Anning River. It modern agricultural base. The county focused on covers an area of square kilometers and has developing five characteristic industriesnamely a total population of among which 179 characteristic vegetables characteristic fruits high 000 are farmers. There are 12 townships and 26 - quality tobacco organic aquatic products and different ethnic groups in Miyi county including standardized cultivation of domestic animals. Moreover the county has gradually promoted the in- Han Yi Lisu Hui Miao Bai Tujia etc. The total population of ethnic people is which accounts dustrialization of agriculture and improved the for 19. 2% of the total population of the quality and safety of agricultural products. It has county. In recent years in order to alleviate poverty efficiently increased agricultural benefits and the and achieve prosperitymiyi county seized op- farmers'income. Miyi county's poverty alleviation portunities provided by the state to develop modern through characteristic industries has experienced agriculture by promoting an agricultural - industri- the following al base uncovering the advantages of characteristic modern industries transforming and promoting these industries and making efforts to realize the county's prosperity through developing agriculture. In the summer of 2014 I visited several local units of Miyi county including the Poverty Alleviation BureauMigrant Affairs BureauAgricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau Ethnic Religious Affairs Bureau Statistics Bureau and Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau. I also interviewed some villagers so as to understand Miyi's situation for developing characteristic industries to alleviate poverty. Before 2014 the economy of Miyi was still very backward. 1. Innovated the System and Enhanced of the Leadership The Miyi County Government has paid strong attention to the development of characteristic industries insisted on using a new - type of industrial thought to make plans for the development of agriculture used a new - type of urbanization theory to construct the rural areas and used examples of modernized agriculture to guide the farmers. The county government produced monographs and studies on rural work new - rural area construction and an overall plan for urban and rural development rural land circulation industry development etc. Moreover the local government also makes a quarterly analysis on the situation of rural economic 119

11 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY 2015 /03 29 operationsand has carefully explored the economic development trends of the agriculture and rural ensure the agricultural subsidies related to the cul- government enhanced tracking supervision so as to areas. tivation of grain pigs and tobacco etc. would go 2. Enhanced the Construction of Basic Infrastructure and Promoted Sustainable Economic De- to the peoples'livelihood were maximizedagricul- directly to the households. As a result the benefits velopment ture promoted and farmers' income increased. The Miyi County government has actively tried 5. Developed the Advantages of Characteristic to obtain financial support from the upper levels Industries and Increased the Farmers' Income Firstly characteristic vegetables were developed in order to increase the income of the farmers. In recent yearsmiyi has promoted a series of integrated funds from various departments fully used various kinds of funds enhanced the basic construction of high - standard farming land built national modern farming demonstration zones and national modern comprehensive farming development industrial parks and enhanced the sustainable development of agriculture. 3. Promoted Reform of Property Rights and Stimulated Development Vitality The Miyi County government has deepened the reform of property rights has sped up the construction of a comprehensive service center for rural land circulation has built a platform concerning the circulation of rural property rights transaction and financing has explored an institutional model for practicing the pledges guarantees and transfers of rural property rights and has steadily promoted a standard proper and reasonable circulation of rural land to business enterprises professional investors and operational partnerships etc. They have further revitalized rural resource assets promoted the flow of resources and activated the internal development vitality of the rural area. 4. Formulated Policy that Benefits Farmers and Intensified its Support Strength The Miyi County government has built up a fund raising institution which includes widely opening channels of capital establishing agricultural funds building a counterpart - unit - support system raising funds from beneficial masses encouraging donations from different circles of society fruit industries were developed to promote the economic development. Miyi starting from the adjustment of its industrial structure specially developed some characteristic fruit industries including loquat mango cherry and walnut. Thirdly Miyi specially developed the tobacco industry to expand its income channels. In recent years tobacco production in Miyi experienced a historic breakthrough. Finally Miyi county developed a standardized domestic animal raising industry so as to increase the farmers' income. VI. Built a Modern Characteristic Agricultural Industrial Park and Increased the Farmers' Income By targeting the goal of increasing the farmers' income and based upon the principle of making the base stronger the scale larger the products better the brand more famous the market more activeand the efficiency higher Miyi county brought in a group of economic organizations so - called dragon - head enterprises who support the agriculture rural cooperation organizations and professional technology associations etc. It imple- and making up preferential policyetc. It also mented step by step a series of national modern agricultural practiced a series of policies which benefited the people such as disaster relief and emergency aid demonstration zonesmodern industrial parks for agribusiness development and modern poverty alleviation subsidies etc. Meanwhile the important projects such as a modern agricultural - industrial base new - type rural construction industries on a provincial level high standard farming land construction agricultural techniques promoting demonstration zones and vegetable standard demonstration counties etc. Secondly characteristic agricultural zones on the provincial level etc. It 120

12 2015 /03 29 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY encouraged a group of dragon - head enterprises gradually to come into the park and guide the farmers to develop modern agriculture so as to increase the farmer's income and achieve prosperity. The scale of Miyi's characteristic industrial parks became larger and larger the guidance role of the agricultural industrial parks gradually grew stronger the channels of circulation of agricultural products gradually expanded the advantage of brand construction was also enhanced. All of these had significant meaning for the promotion of Miyi county's agriculture and increasing the farmers'income. VII. Promoted the Construction of New - type Rural Demonstration Zone and Improved the Quality and Efficiency of the Rural Area Since 2010 Miyi county has coordinated with different departments including water - electricity planning and construction and national land departments etc. and actively constructed new - type rural demonstration zones it already has been effective. Miyi county has imported more than 10 projects invested a total capital of RMB specially constructed 5 modern agricultural demonstration parks in Panlian township and actively promoted modern agricultural demonstration zones in high mountainous areas. At the same time Miyi county tried to make the grain production stable and constructed core demonstration areas for high yielding rice. VIII. Enhanced Quality Supervision of Agricultural Products and Promoted Development Efficiency In order to let safe agricultural products enter the homes of the people the quality and safety of the agricultural products were strictly guaranteed. An agricultural products quality - safety supervision system was constructed standardized production techniques were promoted and safe agricultural products were certified. Thus a Sunny Miyi organic agricultural products brand was been built up. IX Smoothed the Sales Channels and Stablilized the Farmers'Income The Miyi county government made efforts to smooth the sales channels and actively explored a direct sale pattern for the agricultural products of Sunny Miyi gradually expanded its sales channels and promoted its market shares. Miyi county actively explored and gradually established a mechanism for direct market sales. In April 2014 the Sunny Miyi Fruits and Vegetables Professional Cooperative signed a contract concerning vegetable sales with the Chengdu Food Company Limited. The company supervises the process of producing providing and sale of the agricultural products and moreover the company takes the responsibility of investigating the market needs and helps the farmers to adjust the kinds of vegetables that they would plant. In this way the products can quickly go into the market and reduce the market risks. The characteristic agricultural products of Sunny Miyi successfully appeared in the market of Chengdu. This kind of smooth sales channel helped it win the market and greatly increased its economic efficiency and made a great contribution to the poverty alleviation of the local farmers and their achieving prosperity. For a long time through formulating related preferential policies expanding capital investment enhancing basic infrastructure construction and enhancing the adjustment of industrial structure Miyi county has improved the people's production and living conditions promoted the economic development and preserved a harmoniousand stable society. However there are still a lot of difficulties and challenges 1 basic infrastructure is relatively backward 2 the living conditions of the ethnic minorities are still relatively difficult 3 the development circle of the characteristic industries is long and the period for their becoming efficient is slow. When targeting the present difficulties of the local area efficient measures should be actively explored 1 accelerate the making and implementation of leaping - development planning in ethnic areas 2 enhance the construction of basic infra- 121

13 JOURNAL OF ETHNOLOGY 2015 /03 29 structure and improve the people's production and living conditions 3 establish counterpart supportive institutions 4 increase investmentmake efforts to reveal the advantages of characteristic industries and push economic development in rural areas. Key Words Panzhihua - Xichang region special climate poverty area characteristic industry development poverty alleviation References miyixian minzu zongjiao gongzuo huibao cailiao Ethnic Religious Work Report of Miyi County wan Prospect of the Economic Development of Mii panzhihua miyixian jingji shehui fazhan zhan County of Panzhihua miyixian shengji sannong gongzuo xianjinxian xianjin shiji huibao Miyi County's Report on the Advanced Stories of the Advanced County on Provincial Level Concerning the Sannong Work miyixian nongye gongzuo qingkuang huibao cailiao Report on the Agricultural Work of Miyi County miyixian tese nongye jidi jianshe qingkuang Construction Situation of the Characteristic Agricultural Base in Miyi County miyixian malong yizuxiang tese changye fazhan qingkuang Development Status of the Characteristic Industry in Malong Yi Township of Miyi County zhongguo yancao China 17. http / /www. echinatobacco. com. Tobacco

Microsoft Word - bxyj2007_01_zongdi225.doc

Microsoft Word - bxyj2007_01_zongdi225.doc 以科学发展观为统领深入贯彻落实国务院 23 号文件全面提高保险业服务社会主义和谐社会的能力吴定富 ( 中国保险监督管理委员会, 北京 100032) [ 摘要 ]2006 年, 我国保险业社会地位稳步提高, 国际影响力不断扩大, 发展环境日益