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1 浓度和温度对丁香酚麻醉日本囊对虾效果的影响蔡诤, 董宏标, 王军, 苏永全 (, ) 摘要 : 在不同浓度和不同温度条件下, 观察了丁香酚麻醉后日本囊对虾 (Marsupenaeus japonicus) 的麻醉状态和苏醒状态, 同时测定了麻醉后的对虾在不同离水时间条件下复苏所需要的时间, 并对实验数据进行统计分析 ; 通过对对虾在 15 min 内耗氧量的变化的研究, 探讨了丁香酚对日本囊对虾呼吸中枢的影响结果表明 : 日本囊对虾进入麻醉状态所需的时间随丁香酚浓度的升高而缩短, 随麻醉温度的升高而缩短 ; 苏醒所需时间随丁香酚浓度的升高而延长, 随麻醉温度的升高而缩短 ; 苏醒后第 4 天各实验组日本囊对虾存活率均为 100% 多重比较结果表明: 在 200 mg/l 质量浓度下, 随着温度的增加, 对虾复苏所需时间减少无差异在相同离水时间下, 日本囊对虾的复苏时间随着丁香酚浓度的增加而显著增长在 mg/l 不同质量浓度组中, 随着离水时间的延长, 对虾复苏时间也显著增长麻醉中, 最适丁香酚质量浓度为 100 mg/l 丁香酚在不同实验温度和浓度条件下均能显著降低日本囊对虾的呼吸代谢, 降低耗氧量, 对日本囊对虾具有很好的麻醉效果, 是一种合适安全的麻醉剂关键词 : 日本囊对虾 (Marsupenaeus japonicus); 麻醉 ; 丁香酚中图分类号 : S 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2012) (Marsupenaeus japonicus), 1993 (White Spot Syndrome Virus, WSSV),, [1], [2],,,, (Eugenol), , [3] Hoskonen [4] 1972,,,,,, [5],, 15 min,,, 1 材料与方法 1.1 材料 1.1.1,, 9.2 cm±0.3 cm ( 85 %),,, V( ) V( : ; : : ()( ); (CARS-47) : (1986-),,,, czxb1986@126.com;,, : , junw@xmu.edu.cn Marine Sciences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

2 ) = 1 : 方法 m 3, 1 d 15 L, 30, ph 8.0,, 3 d [6], mg/l,,, 30, 23, mg/l,,,, ( ), ( mg/l), , ( mg/l),, min,, , 4, 10 4, ( ) 3 ( mg/l),, 10,, 15 min, 5 min 4, 0~5 5~10 10~15 min Marking [7] : 1~3 min, 2~5 min Coyle Gilderhus Marking,, SPSS15.0 (One-Way ANOVA), 0.05, Duncan s 2 结果 2.1 不同浓度丁香酚对日本囊对虾麻醉效果的影响 mg/l, 23, ph 8.0, 30, 1 1,, 表 1 不同浓度丁香酚对日本囊对虾的麻醉效果 Tab. 1 The anaesthetic effect of eugenol at different concentrations on M. japonicus (mg/l) ( ) (min) (min) (min) (min) (%) : 23, ph 8.0, / 2012 / 36 / 3

3 , mg/l, 100% 3 d, 100% 2.2 不同温度丁香酚对日本囊对虾麻醉效果的影响 1 2, ,,,,,, (P<0.05); mg/l,, (P<0.05), 100 mg/l,,,, (P<0.05); mg/l,, (P<0.05), 200 mg/l,, Fig. 1 1 The anaesthetic effect of eugenol at different temperatures on M. Japonicus 表 2 不同水温对日本囊对虾的麻醉效果 Tab. 2 The anaesthetic effect of eugenol at different temperatures on M. japonicus ( ) 30 (mg/l) (ph 8.0, 30) (%) ( ) (min) (min) (min) (min) Marine Sciences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

4 2.3 麻醉后离水暴露时间对日本囊对虾复苏的影响 23, ph8.0, 30, mg/l,, ( min), 2 2, 50 mg/l, 4 min 2 min, 4 min 16 min, (P<0.05) mg/l,, (P<0.05), (P<0.05) 3 d, 100% 2.4 不同浓度丁香酚对耗氧量的影响,, ( 3) 50 mg/l, 3 (P<0.05), 100 mg/l 200 mg/l,, 0~5 min (P<0.05), 5~10 min 10~15 min 2, 50 mg/l (P<0.05) 2 Fig. 2 Effect of different air-exposure time on recovery of M. japonicus 2.5 丁香酚对日本囊对虾的理想麻醉浓度 3,, 50 mg/l 200 mg/l,,, 50 mg/l,,, 100 mg/l, ( ) 200 mg/l,, 3 讨论,, Coyle [8] (MS-222) (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), 100 mg/l MS-222, 100 mg/l ; [9] MS-222 (Macrobrachium nipponense), (100~800 mg/ L), 3,, [6] (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), 50~200 mg/l,,,,, 5 (20~400 mg/l),, 20 mg/l,,, ( 20%) 60 min ; 400 mg/l,, 表 3 日本囊对虾在不同丁香酚浓度下的耗氧量 (mg) Tab. 3 Oxygen consumption of M. japonicus in eugenol at different concentrations (mg) (mg/l) (min) ± ± ± ±0.01 ph ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± / 2012 / 36 / 3

5 Fig. 3 3 The anaesthetic effect of eugenol at different concentrations on M. japonicus 10% ; 200 mg/l,,,, 200 mg/l, 50~200 mg/l [9], 100~500 mg/l, 100%, [6], 200 mg/l, 400 mg/l 66.67%, ; [10],,,,,,, [11],,,,, (Alosa sapidissina) [12],,,,,,( ), ( ph ) [13],,,, 8 min, 100%, 3 d 100%,,, Marine Sciences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

6 ,,,,,, 16 min, mg/l 3, 5% 12.5% 17.5%, ;,,,,,,,, (Sparus macrocephlus) MS-222, [14] :,, ; 鲹 (Trachinotus blochii), [15] ; Ferrira [16] (Tilapia), 25 mg/l,, Coyle [8],,,,, ( ), ( ), 5 min, 0 mg/l 200 mg/l,, Coyle [8] [17], 50 mg/l, 5min,, ; 100 mg/l,,,,, ; 200 mg/l,,,, [18] 10 min 15 min,,, 100 mg/l 200 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 200 mg/l, :, ;,,,,, [19] [5], 25~27, 5 mg/l 1 min, 3 min, 5 mg/l ; [20] (Cynoglossus semillaevis Gnther), 40~80 mg/l, 3 min 5 min ; [21] (Aristichthys nobilis), 40 mg/l 5 min, 20 min, 4, 100 mg/l, Marking [7],, 100%,,, [22] : [1]. [J]., 2009, 33(5): [2] Miller E C, Swanson A B, Phillips D H, et al. Structure-activity studies of the carcinogenicities in the mouse and rat of some naturally occurring and synthetic alkenyl benzene derivatives related to safrole and estragole [J]. Cancer Research, 1983, 43: [3] Park I S, Im C H, Choi M S. The evaluation of lidocaine-hydrochloride as anaesthetic for transportation of Rhynchocypris steindachneri [J]. Journal of the Korean 34 / 2012 / 36 / 3

7 Fisheries Society, 1998, 31: [4] Hoskonen P, Pirhonen J. Temperature effects anaesthesia with clove oil in six temperature-zone fishes[j]. Journal of Fish Biology, 2004, 64: [5],,,. [J]., 2002, 29(4): [6],,,. [J]., 2008, 36(22): [7] Marking L L, Meyer F P. Are batter anesthetics needed in fisheries[j]. Fisheries, 1985, 10(6): 2-5. [8] Coyle S D, Dasgupta S, Tidweil J H. Comparative efficacy of anaesthetics for the freshwater prawn. Macrobrachium rosenbergii [J]. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2005, 36: [9],,,. [J]., 2007, 23(9): [10] Billard R. Effect of some fish anesthetics on gamete survival during artificial insemination of rainbow trout[j]. Progressive Fish Culturist, 1981, 43(2): [11],,. - [J]., 1998, 28(2): [12],,,. MS2222 [J]., 2007, 22(1): [13],,,. MS-222 [J]., 2010, 28(4): [14]. MS-222 [J]., 1999, 19(4): [15],,,. 鲹 [J]., 2003, 27(6): [16] Ferreira J T. The effect of etomidate on adrenocortical function in dogs before and during Gemorrhagic shock[j]. Aquaculture, 1984, 42(2): [17],,,. [J]., 2006, 30(7): [18], 甡,. [J]., 2005, 29(10): [19],. [J]., 2000, 24(5): 1-4. [20],,,. [J]., 2007, 28(3): [21],. [J]., 2009, 29: 16. [22],,,. [J]., 2001, 25(12): Marine Sciences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

8 Anesthetic effect of eugenol at different concentrations and temperatures on Marsupenaeus japonicus CAI Zheng, DONG Hong-biao, WANG Jun, SU Yong-quan (College of Oceanography and Environment, Xiamen University, Xiamen , China) Received: Aug., 3, 2011 Key words: Marsupenaeus japonicus; anesthetic effect; eugenol Abstract: The anesthetic and recovery stages of Marsupenaeus japonicus in the presence of eugenol at different concentrations and temperatures were investigated, then the recovery time of treated M. japonicus with different air-exposed time was recorded and analyzed. The effect of eugenol on respiratory center of M.japonicus was characterized via examination of oxygen consumption changes in 15 min. The results showed that the anesthesia time of M. japonicus was decreased with increase of both concentration and temperature of eugenol. While the recovery time was increased with either increase of eugenol concentration or decrease of eugenol temperature. The survival rates of all groups were 100% after a 4-day recovery. The multi-comparison results showed that M. japonicus had markedly shorter recovery time when the water temperature was increased except the 200 mg/l group. The recovery time was significantly increased with increased eugenol concentrations with the same air-exposure time. The recovery time was significantly increased with increased air-exposure time in 100, 150 and 200 mg/l groups. The optimal anaesthesia concentration for eugenol is 100 mg/l. The results also showed that eugenol can significantly reduce respiratory metabolism and oxygen consumption at all temperatures and concentrations used, so it s an efficient and safe anesthetic. ( 本文编辑 : 谭雪静 ) 36 / 2012 / 36 / 3

5-25袁宏钧.indd

5-25袁宏钧.indd 第 24 卷第 5 期 2015 年 5 月碘 131 doi:10.3978/j.issn.1005-6947.2015.05.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.1005-6947.2015.05.005 Chinese Journal of General Surgery, 2015, 24(5):643 647. Chinese Journal of