88 25 (Sinodonty) (Sundadonty), [8 ] 19 ], Turner [16 ], [17, ],,,, [20 ],, [21 22 ],, ( I II III), 62, 17, (Longxian) ( Xiawanggang) (Miaozig

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1 Vol125,No12 ACTA ANTHROPOLOGICA SINICA May, , (11, ; 21, ) :,, (MMD) MMD, MMD 18, (Sinodonty),,, 4 ;,,,,, : ; ; ; ; ; : Q98313 : A : (2006) ,,,,, [1 4 ], 11 ], Turner [5,, : ; : : (J ) : ( ),,, E2mail com. cn

2 88 25 (Sinodonty) (Sundadonty), [8 ] 19 ], Turner [16 ], [17, ],,,, [20 ],, [21 22 ],, ( I II III), 62, 17, (Longxian) ( Xiawanggang) (Miaozigou) - (Northern Chinese2 Mongolian) (Japanese) (Jomon) ( Siberian) (Amur) (Lake Baikalian) ( Southern Chinese) ( Hong Kong) [12 (Prehistorical Taiwan) ( Early Southeastern Asian) (Modern Southeastern Asian) (Thai) ( Early Malayan) ( Eastern Malayan) [18 ] 212 Turner ( Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System) [23 ],

3 2 : 89, [6 ] : (1) ; (2),, ;,,,, ; (3),, ; (4), 213, 27 (Mean Measure of Divergence,MMD) MMD MMD 18 : MMD = 1 n n ( 1-2 ) 2-1 n n N 1 N 2, n ; 1 2 p 1 p 2,= arcsin (1-2 p), P ; N 1 N 2 P = 0,1/ 4 N (Bartlett s Adjustment) %,, 3184 %,, 7115 %, Y Tome Sinodonty ; Sundadonty ; Sinodonty Sundadonty, ;

4 , -,, Y Tome 7,, Turner, Y Tome 7, Sinodonty Sundadonty,, [18 ], (27142 %) (15140 %) (16120), (55140 %),, The frequencies of occurrence of 27 dental morphological traits of 18 groups UI 1 Shoveling UI 1 Double2Shoveling UI 2 Interruption Groove UI 2 Tuberculum Dentale UC Mesial Ridge UC Distal Acces Ridge N % N % N % N % N % N %

5 2 : The frequencies of occurrence of 27 dental morphological traits of 18 groups ( continue ) UM 2 Hypocone UM 1 Cusp 5 UM 1 Carabelli s Cusp UM 3 Parastyle UM 1 Enamel Extensions UP root N % N % N % N % N % N % N % UM 2 32root The frequencies of occurrence of 27 dental morphological traits of 18 groups ( continue ) Y LP 2 UM 3 LM 2 > 1 Lingual PΠRΠCA Y2groove Pattern Cusp LM 1 62cusp LM 1 LM 2 LM 1 Dist Trigp 4 2 cusp Deflect Winkle Crest N % N % N % N % N % N % N %

6 The frequencies of occurrence of 27 dental morphological traits of 18 groups ( continue) Tome s LM 1 Protostylid LM 1 Cusp 7 LP 1 Tome s root LC 2 2 root LM 1 32root LM root P Odontome N % N % N % N % N % N % N % ,Turner, (Sinodonty) (Sundadonty) :, [8 ], (1 2) 1 2, ( - ) ( ),,,,, 8, 100 % 8,

7 2 : (1) The line plot of 8 morphological traits in 18 groups (1) 11 (Jiangjialiang) ;21 (Longxian) ;31 (Xiawanggang) ;41 (Miaozigou) ;51 - (Northern Chinese2 Mongolian) ;61 (Japanese) ;71 (Jomon) ;81 (Siberian) ;91 (Amur) ; 101 (Lake Baikalian) ; 111 (Southern Chinese) ;121 ( Hong Kong) ;131 ( Prehistorical Taiwan) ;141 ( Early Southeastern Asian) ;151 (Modern Southeastern Asian) ;161 ( Thai) ; 171 ( Early Malayan) ;181 ( Eastern Malayan) (2) The line plot of 8 morphological traits in 18 groups (2), - (3711 %), (8113 %),,,, 8, 4 -,,,, [16 ],,

8 94 25, 312 MMD, (Mean measure of divergence, MMD) : MMD = 1 n n ( 1-2 ) 2-1 n n N 1 N 2 n ; 1 2 p 1 p 2,= arcsin(1-2 p), P ; N 1 N 2 P = 0,1/ 4 N (Bartlett s adjustment) 2, - MMD,, (Sinodonty) 313 MMD (3) 18,,, %, 5 27,, [18 ] 3, 10 TOME Y Y 3 18 Dengrogram of a clusteranalysis applied to the MMD

9 2 : 95

10 Results of factor analysis Fcators Total % of Variance Cumulative % factor loading Matrix Y Tome Tome - 7, 5 ( Sinodonty) [8 (Sundadonty) ] ; Tome 4 [17 ],, ;

11 2 : 97,, ;Tome, 3, ;, ; ;,,, ;, ; ;, ;, (4) (5),,,,,,, 4 5 ( %) Scattergram based on the factor 1st and 2st factor loadings,expressing % of the total variance ( %) Scattergram based on the 1st and 3st factor loadings,expressing % of the total variance

12 ,, 29 ] 35, ] ; [24 37 ] 40 ],, [36 [30 [21,38 43 ], [13,19,41,,, : ; ;, 1),,,, 8 (Sinodonty) (Sundadonty) [8 ], (Sinodonty),, (100 %) (93144 %), (Sinodonty) (Sundadonty), (Sinodonty), (Sinodonty),, [43 ], (Sinodonty),,,,,,,,,,,, [22 ] : ( 1) 2003,

13 2 : 99 ), ;, [21 ],, [44 ] [35 ], [15 ],, [45 ] [46 ], [18 ],,,,,, : [ 1 ] AlegHrdli cka. Shovel2shaped teeth[j ]. Am J Phys Anthropol,1920, (3) : [ 2 ] Dahlberg AA. Materials for the establishment of standards for classification of tooth characteristics, attributes and techniques in morphological studies of the dentition[m]. Zoller Laboratory of Dental Anthropology,University of Chicago [ 3 ] Berry AC,Berry RJ. Epigenetic variation in the human cranium[j ].J Anat,1967, (101) : [ 4 ] Turner II CG,Christian RN,Scott GR. Scoring procedures for key morphological traits of the permanent dentition : The Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System[J ]. Advances in Dental Anthropology,1991, [ 5 ] Turner II CG. Dental evidence on the origin of the Ainu and Japanese[J ]. Science,1976, (193) : [ 6 ] Turner II CG. Dentochronological separation estimates for Pacific Rim populations[j ]. Science,1986, (232) : [ 7 ] Turner II CG.Late Pleistocene and Holocene population history of East Asia based on dental variation[j ]. Am J Phys Anthropol, 1987, (73) : [ 8 ] Turner II CG. Major features of Sundadonty and Sinodonty, including suggestions about East Asian microevolution, population history,and late Pleistocene relationship with Australian Aboriginals[J ]. Am J Phys Anthropol,1990, (82) : [ 9 ] Tsunehiko Hanihara. The origin and microevolution of Ainu as viewed from dentition : The basic populations in East Asia [J ]. J Anthropl Soc Nippon,1991, (99) : [10 ] Tsunehiko Hanihara. Dental and cranial affinities among populations of East Asia and Pacific : The basic populations in East Asia [J ]. Am J Phys Anthropol,1992, (88) : [11 ] Tsunehiko Hanihara. Comparison of craniofacial features of major human groups[j ]. Am J Phys Anthropol,1996, (99) : [12 ]. [J ].,1990,9(2) : [13 ]. [J ].,1993,12(2) : [14 ]. [J ].,1993,12(2) :

14 [15 ],. [J ].,1995,14(1) :8 20. [16 ]. [J ].,1995,14 (4) : [17 ],. [J ].,1996,15(3) : [18 ],. [J ].,1996,15(4) : [19 ],. [J ].,1999,18(3) : [20 ]. [J ].,2001, (2) :1 12. [21 ],. [J ].,2003,22 (3) : [22 ]. [D]. :,2004, [23 ] Turner II CG. Scoring procedures for key morphological traits of the permanent dentition : the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System[A]. Advances in Dental Anthropology,Wiley2Liss,New York,1991, [24 ],G. [J ].,1994,13(2) : [25. [J ].,1996,15(1) :1 7. [26 ],Emma Mbua,,. - [J ].,2003,22(5) : [27 ],,. Bodo [J ].,2004,23(2) : [28 ],,. [J ].,2004,23 (3) : [29 ],. [J ].,2005,24(2) : [30 ]. [J ].,1994,13(2) : [31 ]. [A]. :. [ C].,1997, [32 ]. [A]. :,. [ R]. :. 1998, [33 ]. [J ].,1998,17(4) : [34 ]. [J ] ,20 (4) :8 16. [35 ]. [A]. :. [ C]. :. 2002, [36 ]. [J ].,1995,14(4) : [37 ]. [J ].,1997,16(1) : [38 ],. [J ].,2001,20(4) : [39 ]. [J ].,2002,21 (1) : [40 ],. [J ].,2002,21(2) : [41 ] Tsunehiko Hanihara. Negritos,Australian aborigines,and theproto2sundadontdental pattern :the basic populations in east asia,v [J ]. Am J Phys Anthropol,1992, (88) : [42 ] Turner CG,Yoshitaka Manabe,Diane E Hawkey. [J ].,2000,19(4) : [43 ]. [J ].,1993,12(2) : [44 ]. [J ].,1994,13(2) : [45 ],. [J ].,1984, (1) : [46 ]. [J ].,2002, (3) :5 12.

15 2 : 101 A Dental Morphological Observation on the Neolithic Human Skeletons from Jiangjialiang,Yangyuan, Hebei Province LI Fa2jun 1, ZHU Hong 2 (11 Department of Anthropology of Sun Yat2sen University, Guangzhou ; 21 Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology of Jilin University, Changchun ) Abstract : The author researched the dental morphological traits of Neolithic human skeletons from Jiangjialiang, Yangyuan in Hebei Province, China, using the method based on the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System and multivariate analysis of Mean Measure of Divergence (MMD). The author found dental morphology of Jiangjialiang skeletons belonged to the Sinodontic type. And yet,there are some unique traits,such as the great appearance of shoveling in the UI 1 and UP 1 12root. The frequencies of occurrence of some traits such as UI 1 shoveling, UI 1 double 2 shoveling,and LM 1 deflect wrinkle are also very high. The author found that the northeastern Asian groups have a distant morphological distance compared to southeastern Asian groups. In terms of dental morphological traits,jiangjialiang people have a closer relationship with Miaozigou people than with the Xiawanggang people. As we have known,the Jiangjialiang and Miaozigou people also have similar skull traits,but more research needs to be conducted on dental traits to confirm this association. Key words : Tooth ; Morphological traits ; Race ; Neolithic age ; Yangyuan ; Jiangjialiang

) ( ), [10 11 ],, ( ) (Krapina Atapuerca SH), (Skhul Qafzeh) ( 1) 1, 1 The teeth used for comparisons of metric analyses in present study 1700

) ( ), [10 11 ],, ( ) (Krapina Atapuerca SH), (Skhul Qafzeh) ( 1) 1, 1 The teeth used for comparisons of metric analyses in present study 1700 28 2 2009 5 ACTA ANTHROPOLOGICA SINICA Vol128,No12 May, 2009 1,2, 3,4, 1,2 (11, 100044 ; 21, 100044 ; 31, 400047 ; 41, 430077) : 2004 2006 7, :,, ( ), : ; ; ; : Q98116 : A : 100023193 (2009) 0220113217