Microsoft Word 刘成士_new_.doc

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1 46 3 Vol.46, No OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA May, 2015 * ( ; ), 30, 9,,, 171 ind./l, mg/l,,,,, ,,,, ; ; ; Q178 doi: /hyhz ,,, (Herzig, 1987; Lim et al, 1997) 10% 40%(Herzig, 1987), (, 1999), (Sládeček, 1983), (, 1996;, 2004),, (Aare, 1983; Sládeček, 1983;, 1993; Duggan et al, 2001;, 2003;, 2006),, 40 km, 8 km 603 km 2, 2.13 m 3,,,,,,,,, ,, *, 2012ZX ;, 2010R ,, liuchengshi2006@163.com :,,, shaoxyhz@163.com : , :

2 3 : 695, ( ) () Fig.1 Distribution of sampling sites in Qingshan reservoir QSH 1.2, 5 L, 25 (Φ=64 μm), 60 ml, 3 ml (, 1984) (, 1997), (, 1984) ph YSI 6600 ; ; 100 ml ( TOC, 0.05 mg/l; ) 1.3 ( ), : m å å TLI( ) = Wj TLI( j) j= 1 : TLI(Σ) ; Wj j ; TLI(j) j, Simpson (D) Shannon- Wiener (H) Margalef (Dmg) Pielou (J) (Spatharis et al, 2011): H= (Pi)log 2 (Pi) M=S 1/lnN J=H/Hmax=H/logS D=N(N 1)/ n å i= 1 ni( ni -1) : S ; N ; n i i ; P i i, (Mchaughton, 1967): Y=(n i /N) f i : n i i, N, f i i Y>0.02 SPSS 19.0 Sigmaplot (GB ) ( 2), I II (5.10 mg/l), I II (0.074 mg/l), COD(24.21 mg/l) (14.27 mg/l)(3.79 mg/l) V, COD, V, , 30, , o- 3, 17.6%; o-β 6, 35.3%; β- 5, 29.4%; β-α 2, 11.8%; α- 1

3 Fig.2 2 Time variation of physical and chemical factors, 5.9%,, (Polyarthra trigla) (P. dolichoptera) (Asplanchna priodonala) (A. brightwelli) (Brachionus diversicornis) (B. urceus) ;,, β-,,, ( 1) : > > >, 326 ind./l, 8, 1218 ind./l 25,, ind./l 5, 36 ind./l, 200 ind./l 242 ind./l, 4, 450 ind./l, 2, 50 ind./l;, 65 ind./l 52 ind./l,, 8, 360 ind./l, 1 2, 56 ind./l 58 ind./l( 3), : mg/l 2.2.3, Simpon,,, , ; Margalef Shannon-Wiener

4 3 : 697 表 1 青山水库轮虫优势度及污染指示种 Tab.1 The pollution indicator species of rotifer in Qingshan reservoir Brachionidae B. urceus α-β B. forficula β B. diversicornis o-β B. budapestiensis B. plicatilis K. quadrata β K. cochlearis o-β K. valga o-β K. ticinensis Epiphanidae E. senta Colurellidae C. uncinata Euchlanidae E. dilatata o-β Asplanchnidae A. brightwelli o-β A. girodi o-β A. priodonta β A. multiceps o Filiniidae F. brachiata F. cornuta F. major β F. longiseta a Lecanidae L.luna Trichocercidae T. pusilla β T. bicristata T. rousseleti o T. dixon-nuttalli T. elongata o Synchaet idae P. minor * P. dolichoptera * P. trigla β-a : o, β β-, a α-*,,, > > >, , , ;, 5,, 3 8 ( 4), D J M H

5 Fig.3 3 The spatial and temporal variations of rotifers on density and biomass Fig.4 4 The temporal and spatial variations in biotic indices of rotifers SPSS ( 2), Person, (R=0.451, P<0.01), (R=0.490, P<0.05), SPSS 表 2 青山水库轮虫群落结构与环境因子相关性分析 Tab.2 Correlation of rotifers community structure and environmental factors in Qingshan reservoir Margalef (M) Simpson (D) Shannon-Wiener (H) (J) ** ** ** ** * * * ** ** ** ** ph * * **. (P<0.01); *. (P<0.05)

6 3 : 699,, Margalef (R=0.837, P<0.01), Simpson ph (R=0.701, P<0.01), Shannon-Wiener (R=0.875, P<0.01), (R=0.864, P<0.01) 2.3 ( 5), :,, 1 2, , ,, ; 4 5 6,, ; 3 8, ( 3), , %,, 4,, ph,,, COD COD 5 Fig.5 Cluster dendrogram of rotifers community at all sampling points in Qingshan reservoir 表 3 主成分统计信息表 Tab.3 Statistics of the principal component analysis a b (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) a : ; b : Kaiser ,, (Chal)(TP)(TN) (COD) (SD) : TLI( )<30 30 TLI( ) 50 TLI( )>50 50<TLI( ) 60 60<TLI( ) 70 TLI( )>70

7 700 46, TLI( ),, ( 4) (, 2003; Yoshida et al, 2003), Simpson (D) Shannon-Wiener (H) Margalef (Dmg),,, -α ( 5) 表 4 青山水库各个站点的综合营养指数 Tab.4 The overall nutrition index of each site in Qingshan reservoir TLI(Chal) TLI(TP) TLI(TN) TLI(COD) TLI(SD) (TLI) 表 5 Tab.5 轮虫群落生物多样性指数对水质的评价 The assessment of water quality based on rotifers community biodiversity 0.4<M< <H< <D<0.9 -α -α, :,, (, 1984),,,,,,,,,,,, (, 1997) p,, (, 2003; Arora et al, 2003;, 2004) (1991) C,, ;, 20 C ;, (, 2012),,,,, 20 C (, 1991), (, 1984) 25 C,, (, 2000) ;,,,,

8 3 : 701, Herzig(1987),,,,,, 3.2,,,, ( ) (, 1993;, 1997;, 1998;, 2000), Duggan (2001),,, (Gannon et al, 1978; Yoshida et al, 2003), : (Gannon et al, 1978) 5, 1, 4, 2 ;,,, 9 50%,, (Zhan et al, 1991), Shannon-Wiener Simpson Margalef, 2 2, (Hill, 1973;, 2004) Shannon-Wiener Simpson Margalef : H 0 1, 1 3, 3 ; Margalef Dmg 0 3 α, 3 4 β, 4 5, 5 (, 2005), H Dmg,,,,, 4, ,,,,,,,,,,,,, , 9(2): 35 37, :, 205,, , 26(1): 62 75,, , 15(2): ,,, , 33(4): 14 20,,, , 5(2): 87 91,,, , 16(2): 27 31,,, ( ), 13(1): 63 67,,, , 8(2): ,,, ( ). :,,, ( ), (4): ,,, 2006.

9 , 30(1): 52 57,,, , 13(1): ,,, ( ), 16(1): 71 75, , 5(4): 39 45,, , 31(1): 23 28,, :, 38 47,,, , 12(4): ,,, , 20( ): 30 37,,, , 38(6): 8 14 Aare M, Rotifers as indicators of lake types in Estonia. Hydrobiology, 104(1): Arora J, Mehra N K, Seasonal dynamics of rotifers in relation to physical and chemical conditions of the river Yamurna (Delhi), India. Hydrobiologia, 491(1 3): Duggan I C, Green J D, Shiel R J, Distribution of rotifers in North Island, New Zealand and their potential use as bioindicators of lake trophic state. Hydroblologia, (1): l55 l64 Gannon J E, Stemberger R S, Zooplankton (especially Crustaceans and rotifers) as indicators of water quality. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 97(1): Herzig A, The analysis of planktonic rotifer populations: A plea for long-term investigations. Hydrobiologia, 147(1): l Hill M O, Diversity and evenness: A unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology, 54(2): Lim L C, Wong C C, Use of the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas, in freshwater ornamental fish larviculture. Hydrobiologia, 358(1 3): Mchaughton S J, Relationship among functional prosperities of California grassland. Nature, 216: Sládeček V, Rotifers as indicators of water quality. Hydrobiologia, 100(1): Spatharis S, Roelke D L, Dimitrakopoulos P G et al, Analyzing the (mis) behavior of Shannon index in eutrophication studies using field and simulated phytoplankton assemblages. Ecological Indicators, 11(2): Yoshida T, Urabe J, Elser J J, Assessment of top-down and bottom-up forces as determinants of rotifer distribution among lakes in Ontario, Canada. Ecological Research, 18(6): Zhan Y T, Yang C S, Fan Z N, Study on interrelation between distribution of phytoplankton and water pollution in Fuqi River. China Environmental Sciences, 11(1): EFFECTS OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DIFFERENCE IN ROTIFER COMMUNITY STRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS ON WATER QUALITY VARIATION IN THE QINGSHAN RESERVOIR LIU Cheng-Shi 1, HUANG Yan 2, LIU Yu 2, LIU Chen 1, SHAO Xiao-Yang 1 (1. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou , China; 2. Zhejiang Province Environmental Protection Science Research & Design Institute, Hangzhou , China) Abstract 4 seasonal sampling was conducted to study the effects of the temporal and spatial difference in rotifer community structure in response to water quality variation in the Qingshan Reservoir in upstream of East Tiaoxi River, Zhejiang. 30 species and 9 families were identified. Dominant species were Polyarthra dolichoptera and Polyarthra trigla, of which the latter is a pollution indicator species, showing that the water was in the state of moderate pollution. The annual average density of rotifer was 171.8ind./L, and the annual average biomass was mg/L. Correlation analysis between reservoir physical and chemical factors and rotifer community biological index shows that water temperature and dissolved oxygen were the main impact factors on rotifer community succession. According to the community structure of rotifers, the reservoir could be divided into 4 areas. Principal component analysis shows that water quality declining might be associated with the increase of nutrients, especially nitrogen. Combining the physicochemical index, trophicstate index, diversity index, and dominant species of rotifers indicator species, we assume that the water quality was between moderate and serious contamination level from year 2012 to The data also indicate that the nutrition level is in moderate eutrophication, and environment pollution in the reservoir water was serious. Since the physicochemical index and rotifer bio-indicators reflected the results of water quality consistently, we suggest that rotifer community can be used as a biological index to evaluate the quality of water mass in the Qingshan Reservoir. Key words rotifers; Qingshan Reservoir; community structure; water quality assessment

Microsoft Word - 5--郭坤_new_.doc

Microsoft Word - 5--郭坤_new_.doc 48 1 Vol.48, No.1 2017 1 OCEANOLOGIA ET LIMNOLOGIA SINICA Jan., 2017 * 1 1 1 2 2 1, 21 (1. 434025; 2. 430223), 2012 4 2013 1 4 67 ( ), (42 ),, (4412ind./L), (831ind./L) 59%, 8,, (Brachiouns calyciflorus)