中山大學位論文典藏.pdf

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1 91 1 A Research on the Characterization of Papageno in Mozart s Magic Flute chi Chang Pao-lang Tsai Shun-mei Mozart Opra Magic Flute 1

2 English Abstract Magic Flute is Mozart s last work of opera, and also the peak of Singspiel. This opera integrates the composing styles of German, French, and Italian operas and demonstrates the roundedness and refinement characteristic of Mozart s later works. The original libretto of Magic Flute, written by Schikaneder, has a lot to share with the ideology of Freemasonry. Therefore, besides the entertaining effects common in Singspiel, this opera is ethically instructive. Papageno is the comic character in Magic Flute and the soul of it, too. He functions to carry on the plot and takes on the task of amusing the audience. His performance, including the musical essence, the singing skills, and the action, holds the key to the success of the opera. This research is divided into seven sections: 1. Mozart s life and his creation of operas 2. The creation process of Magic Flute 3. Introduction to the roles in Magic Flute 4. The characteristics of the role of Papageno 5. Discussion about the singing of Papageno 6. Some suggestions about the action of Papageno 7. Conclusion 2

4 4

5 Leopold Mozart, S. Eckard J. C. Bach C. F. Abel J. Haydn G.. B. Sammartini P. Martini G. Paisiello N. Piccinni Golden Spur H. Colloredo C. W. Gluck serenade divertiment cassation 5

6 Apollo et Hyacinthus Die Zauberflö serenta Il sogno di Scipione Ascanio in Alba Il re pastore Joseph Der Schauspieldirektor Lucio Silla Mitridate, r di Ponto Idomeneo, r di Creta La clemenza di Tito La finta semplice La finta giardiniera Le nozze di Figaro Don Giovanni Cos fan tutte L oca del Cairo 6

7 Lo sposo deluso Cos fan tutte le belle! non c alsuna novit. dramma giocoso 1 2 L. da Ponte Bastien und Bastienne Die Entf hrung aus dem Serail 1 K Marie Stolba, The Development of Western Music (Madison: Brown Benchmark Publishers, 1994), Nicholas Till, Mozart and Enlightenment (New York: Norton, 1993),

8 Osmin G. Stephanie Donald Jay Grout, A Short History of Opera (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988), William Mann, The Operas of Mozart (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977), Grout, Mann,

9 (Mannheim)

10 E. Schikaneder, Straubing Regensburg How popular I would be if I were to lift the national German stage to recognition in music! And this would surely happen for I was already full of desire to write when I heard the German singspiel. Quoted by Henry Krehbiel, The Man and the Artist Revealed in his Own Words (New York:Dover Publications, 1965),

11 Peter Branscombe, W. A. Mozart Die Zauberflö (Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1991), Branscombe,

12 1 Freemasonry Julius Cornet Die oper in Deutschland und das Theater der Neuzeit K. L. Giesecke Zu den drei Adlern Zu den drei Feuern 13 (Responsory) 12 Branscombe, Paul Nettl, Mozart and Masonry (New York: Dorset Press, 1987), 13 12

13 14 K. M. Stolba love forgiveness tolerance The brotherhood of man 15 M. A. Zille Leopold II 16 Papageno J. Hofer B. Schack Tamino A. Gottlieb Pamina, Sarastro F. X. Gerl Nettl, Stolba, Nettl, Branscombe, The New Grove Dictionary of Opera (1971), S. v. Die Zauberfl te. By Julian Rushton. 13

14 Isis Osiris Sprecher Monostatos 14

15 19 20 Papagena Zanni 19 Till,

16 Hanswurst Pickelh ring Osmin Pedrillo Colas 21 - Pariati/Conti Teseo in Creta Pampalugo Galantina Papagallo Pagaga Branscombe,

17 G. S. Gelber Gary S. Gelber, Wolfgang s Wobbly Self-Worth, in The Pleasures and Peril of Genius Mostly Mozart, Peter Ostwald and Leonard S. Zegans Eds. (Madison: International University Press,1993), Gelber, The day before his death, [Mozart] began to hum the bird catcher s song in a scarcely audible voice. Kappellmeister Roser, who was sitting at his beside, went to the piano and sang the song, to Mozart s evident delight. Quoted by Gary S. Gelber, in The Pleasures and Peril of Genius Mostly Mozart (Madison: International University Press, 1993), Ein Mä ü 17

18 27 J. E. Gedo 28 B. F. Grimm David Schroeder 27 But during Papageno s aria with the glockenspiel I went behind the scenes, as I felt a sort of impulse today to play it myself. Well, just for fun at the point where Schikaneder[Papageno] has a pause[in his singing], I played an arpeggio. He was startled, looked behind the wings and saw me. When he had his next pause, I played no arpeggio. This time he stopped and refused to go on. I guessed what he was thinking and again played a chord. He then struck the glockenspiel and said Shut up. Quoted by Gary S. Gelber, in The Pleasures and Peril of Genius Mostly Mozart (Madison: International University Press, 1993), Gelber,

19 29 1 Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja G 2/4 strophic form G G G Hermann Abert E C F G G David Schroeder, Mozart in Revolt (New Haven:Yale University Press, 1999), Branscome,

20 Monostatos F 31 C C A A A strophic song 31 Wenn du dein Leben liebet, so rede: 20

21 R. R. Subotnik Rose Rosengard Subotnik, Whose Magic Flute? Intimations of Reality at the Gates of the Enlightenment, 19th Century Music 15 (Fall, 1991):

22 2 Hm Hm Hm B 2/2 through composed form 1 leitmotif

23 stress words G G 34 Bekä ü ß ä 35 O eine Flö ü 23

24 A E I O U Branscombe 36 Sonata-rondo with coda B 1-33 F B Branscombe, Bekä ü ß ä 24

25 F G E B B forte sotto voce

27 38 recitative 39 clarinet bassoon double bass cello coda sfp 38 Doch, schö 27

28 Drei Knä ö 28

29 3 Du feines T ubchen, nur herein! G 4/4 6 6, Schon nahet sie sich; 29

30 Nun fort, nun fort

31 Hu

32 Gernot Grubert Branscombe,

33 4 Bei Mä ü E 6/8 binary form A B A B Too many Notes,My Dear Mozart Quoted by Peter Branscombe, W. A. Mozart Die Zauberflö (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), ( 1998 ) 45 33

34 Mann und Weib Gemü verse wir leben durch die Lieb 34

mezzo staccato 47 sotto voce 15 37 15 39-40 G E Passaggio covering 10

35 mezzo staccato 47 sotto voce G E Passaggio covering Mann und Weib, und Weib und Mann, reichen an die Gottheit an, 35

5 Wie Wie Wie Ihr an diesem Schreckensort 11

36 5 Wie Wie Wie Ihr an diesem Schreckensort Ein Weiser prü ö 36

49 12 87 50 51 13 12 148-50 49 Geschwä 50 Von festem Geiste ist ein Mann,er denket was

37 Geschwä 50 Von festem Geiste ist ein Mann,er denket was er sprechen kann, 51 Entweiht ist die heilige Schwelle, hinab mit den Weibern zur Hö 37

38 G 52 6 Ein Mä ü F 2/4 F A B 52 Das wä ö 38

39 Refrain B A B O Not Tod A B F G G 53 Helf eine mir nur aus der Not, 54 sonst gr m 39

40 F Josepha Hofer Abraham Peiba Peter Bramscombe 55 D fp D G E G 55 Branscombe,

41 F 7 Gioacchino Rossini, episodic scenes chorale incongruous 56 Branscome, Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein. 58 Ja, ja, das ist Pamina s Stimme. 41

43 rondo G Eins, zwei, drei

44 G G 16 Erik Smith Branscombe,

45 2 trill Pa-Pa-Pa 17 45

46 ritard. a tempo 46

47 D D D Erst einen kleinen Papageno. 47

48 48

49 61 (Luciano Pavarotti) 61 Ach, ich fü ü 49

50 50

51 51

52 52

53 Branscombe, Peter. W. A. Mozart Die Zauberflöte. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Schroeder, David. Mozart in Revolt Strategies of Resistance, Mischief, and Deception. Opera Quarterly 16(Summer, 2000) : Elias, Norbert. Mozart Portrait of a Genius. Berkeley: University of California Press, Gelber, Gary S. Mozart, s Wobbly Self-Worth. The Pleasures and Peril of Genius: Mostly Mozart, Peter Ostwald and Leonard S. Zegans Eds.,( Madison: International University Press,), Grout, Donald Jay. A History of Western Music. Toronto: Norton, University Press, A Short Hisyory of Opera. New York: Columbia Swain, Joseph P. Musical Disguises in Mozart's Late Comedies. Opera Quarterly 16 Summer, 1997 : Krehbiel, Edward Henry. Mozart The Man and the Artist Revealed in his own Words. New York: Dover Publications, Mann, William The Opreas of Mozart. New York: Oxford University Press, Nettl, Paul. Mozart and Masonry. New York: Dorset Press, Robinson, J. Bradford. Wolfgang Amadé Mozart. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Stafford, William. The Mozart Myth. Standford: Standford University Press, Subotnik, Rose Rosengard. Whose Magic Flute?Imtimations of Reality at 53

54 the Gates of the Enlightenment. 19th Century Music 15 Fall, 1991 : The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. (2001), S. V. Singspiel. by J. Bradford Robinson. The New Grove Dictionary of Opera (1971), S. V. Die Zauberflöte. by Julian Rushton. Till, Nicholas. Mozart and the Enlightenment. New York: Norton, Mozart, W. A. The Magic Flute. New York: Dover Publications, The Magic Flute. New York: G. Schirmer, Gruber, Gernot. Die Zauberflöte. Neuen Mozart-Ausgabe, Serie II, Band 19. Bärenreiter Kassel: Bärenreiter-Verlag Kassel

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本文.indd Res. Bull. Fac. Educ. Welf. Sci., Oita Univ. 13 2 1786 2 1782 2 2 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, 1756-1791 Le nozze di Figaro 1786 2 11 Porgi amor Giovanni Paisiello, 1740-1817 Il barbiere di Siviglia 1782 2