Electri c Machines and Control Vol. 21 No. 11 Nov DEMD ICA DEMD ICA DEMD IMF IMF ICA DOI 10. 1

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1 Electri c Machines and Control Vol. 21 No. 11 Nov DEMD ICA DEMD ICA DEMD IMF IMF ICA DOI /j. emc TM 307 A X Early fault diagnosis of offshore wind turbines transmission system based on improved DEMD and ICA ZHENG Xiao-xia 1 YE Cong-jie 2 ZHOU Rong-cheng 3 1. School of Automation Engineering Shanghai University of Electric Power Shanghai China 2. Jinhua Electric Power Supply Company Jinhua China 3. Shanghai Donghai Wind Power Co. Ltd. Shanghai China Abstract Regarding weak fault characteristic of transmission system a new early fault diagnosis method based on improved differential empirical mode decomposition DEMD and independent component analysis ICA was proposed for offshore wind turbines transmission system. In view of the mode mixing phenomenon in signal decomposition for empirical mode decomposition an improved differential empirical mode decomposition was presented to decompose the original vibration signal into several independent intrinsic mode functions IMF components then ICA was used for extracting the dominating features from appropriate IMF components. The proposed algorithm was simulated through standard fault data and fault data of wind power transmission experimental platform. Finally the fault diagnosis of the generator bearing fault which often appears in the offshore wind turbine transmission system was analyzed. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively enlarge the fault characteristics and improve the veracity of early diagnosis for offshore wind turbines transmission system

2 11 DEMD ICA 83 Keywords offshore wind turbines transmission system early fault diagnosis empirical mode decomposition independent component analysis 0 IMF DEMD ICA * EMD IMF EMD EMD IMF intrinsic mode functions IMF 2 1 HUANG empirical 2 mode decomposition EMD 2 EMD EMD IMF 3-5 EMD EMD EMD HUANG 6 IMF RILL- ING 7 FELDMAN 8 EMD EMD 9-10 EMD EMD 1. 5 EMD 2 EMD EMD DEMD x t 2 DEMD ICA independent component analysis x t = A 1 cosω 1 t + A 2 cosω 2 t 1

3 84 21 A 1 > A 2 ω 1 < ω 2 A 1 /A 2 x t 2. 1 ICA dx t n s 1 t s 2 t s n = A dt 1 ω 1 sinω 1 t + A 2 ω 2 sinω 2 t 2 t T S t m A 2 ω 2 / A 1 ω 1 > A 2 /A 1 x 1 t x 2 t x m t T X tm n A X t = AS t EMD ICA n m W S t ICA W EMD W W ICA IMF ICA DEMD ICA Fast ICA FICA IMF 1 x t n X x n t = dxn t dt n W W T X 2 x n t EMD 1 J W = E W T X 4-3 W 4 + F W 2 IMF x n t = IMF n1 t + r n1 tr n1 t 3 EMD E F 3 IMF n1 t 1 IMF n1 t dt = b n-1 1 t + b n b n-1 1 t b n b n t EMD b n-1 1 t = IMF n-1 1 t + r n-1 1 t n - 1 > 0 n = n R R 5 n - 1 = 0 x t FICA DEMD 1 IMF 1 6 x 2 t = x t - IMF 1 1 ~ 5 IMF DEMD IMF IMF IMF 11 DEMD DEMD IMF ICA FastI- IMF ICA CA EMD IMF 2 ICA n Y t = WX t = WAS t 3 W = E X W T X 3-3W 4 4 W k T W k - 1 = 1 5 k 1 x t DEMD IMF 2 FICA x i t x t n DEMD EMD IMF IMF

11 DEMD ICA 85 2 2 Fig. 2 Fault vibration signal for outer race of rolling bearing 1 FICA Fig.

4 11 DEMD ICA Fig. 2 Fault vibration signal for outer race of rolling bearing 1 FICA Fig. 1 FICA algorithm flowchart DEMD IMF DEMD 3 3 DEMD ICA DEMD-ICA DEMD x t IMFs ICA IMF 3 DEMD IMFs IMFs EMD IMF Fig. 3 First five orders of IMF for outer race IMF FICA DEMD ICA IMF 1 1 IMF Table 1 Coefficients of the first five orders of IMF IMF ICA IMF DEMD ICA 3. 1 fault by DEMD IMF1 IMF2 IMF3 IMF4 IMF5 IMF e e e e - 15 IMF2 2. 6e e e e - 15 IMF3 4e e e e - 15 IMF4 5. 6e e e e - 14 IMF5 8. 2e e e e CWRU 1 HP 1 IMF r /min 7 mils Hz FICA FICA

86 21 3 2 2 4 8 6 4 FICA 6 Fig. 4 Envelop spectrums of fault component by FICA Fig.

5 5 IMF Envelop spectrums of the first two orders of IMF 4 5 FICA 7 Fig.

5 FICA 6 Fig. 4 Envelop spectrums of fault component by FICA Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of experimental platform 4 DEMD IMF IMF Hz Hz s 8 7 Fig. 5 5 IMF Envelop spectrums of the first two orders of IMF 4 5 FICA 7 Fig. 7 Corrosive pitting vibration signal of input shaft FICA Hz EMD DEMD Hz EMD IMF IMF IMF EMD DEMD DEMD improved DEMD IDEMD IMF IMF FICA DEMD FFT IMF1 ~ IMF5 FICA FI- IMF CA 3. 2 IMF1 IMF ~ Hz IMF ~ Hz IMF2

6 11 DEMD ICA 87 8 Fig. 8 EMD 5 IMF FFT FFT spectrums of the first five orders of IMF by EMD Hz Hz IMF1 3 4 IMF2 IMF3 2 IMF5 IMF IMF IMF DEMD 11 9 Fig. 9 DEMD 5 IMF FFT FFT spectrums of the first five orders of IMF by DEMD 11 DEMD FICA Fig. 11 Envelop spectrums by IDEMD and FICA 10 Fig. 10 DEMD 5 IMF FFT FFT spectrums of the first five orders of IMF by IDEMD 9 IMF1 ~ IMF5 EMD FICA IMF1 IMF2 IMF DEMD FICA 10 9 IMF IMF 11 a 1 ~ 150Hz Hz DEMD FICA 11 b 500 ~ 800 Hz Hz

88 21 3. 3 3 2 3 1 SKF6330 10 000 Hz 25 600 Hz 8 192 3 7 000 ~ 8 000 Hz 5 1 2 3 FFT 1 118 r /min 1 009 r /min 1 133 r /min 12 DEMD 14 a b c FFT 13 3 000 ~ 4 000 Hz Fig.

7 SKF Hz Hz ~ Hz FFT r /min r /min r /min 12 DEMD 14 a b c FFT ~ Hz Fig FFT FFT spectrums of the first group fault data 14 Fig. 14 DEMD IMF FFT spectrums of the first five orders of IMF by IDEMD Fig. 12 DEMD IMF 12 IMF Time domain waveform of fault data FICA a 15 b 15 c 3 DEMD FICA Hz 1 /2 2 3

8 11 DEMD ICA Hz Hz Hz DEMD ICA r /min Hilbert Hz 1 15 a 15 b 15 c 4. J ZHENG Xiaoxia YE Congjie FU Yang. Development and prospect of offshore wind turbine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis J. Control and Instruments in Chemical Industry HUANG N E SHEN Z LONG S R et al. The empirical mode decomposition and the hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis C. Proc. of the Royal Society. London QI Keyu HE Zhengjia ZI Yanyang. Cosine window based boundary processing method for EMD and its application in rubbing fault diagnosis J. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing EMD J ZHANG Hairu WANG Guofu ZHANG Faquan et al. Conjoint model combining improved stochastic resonance and empirical mode decomposition for rotor incipient faults detection J. Electric Machines and Control EEMD IMU J HE Xing WANG Hongli SUN Yuan et al. Feature extraction method of IMU analog circuit fault based on lifting SVD and EEMD J. Information and Control HUANG N E WU M LONG S et al. A new view of nonlinear waves the Hilbert spectrum J. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics RILLING G FLANDRIN P. One or two frequencies The empirical mode decomposition answers J. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing FELDMAN M. Analytical basics of the EMD Two harmonics de- 15 FICA composition J. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 2009 Fig. 15 Envelop spectrum of fault components by FICA

9 TOLBERT L M PENG F Z CUNNYNGHAM T et al. Charge balance control schemes for cascade multilevel converter in hybrid e- lectric vehicles J. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron TOLBERT L M PENG F Z HABETLER T G. Multilevel PWM methods at low modulation indices J. IEEE Transactions Power Electron capacitor-clamp cascade multilevel converters J. inproc. IEEE J SUN Yifeng RUAN Xinbo. Power balance control schemes for cascaded multilevel inverters J. Proceedings of the CSEE M Angulo P Lezana S Kouro et al. Level-shifted PWM for cascaded multilevel inverters with even power distribution C inproc. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf. Jun CARRARA G GARDELLA S MARCHESONI M. A new multilevel PWM method a theoretical analysis J. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics SNEINEH A A WANG M. ingyan TIAN Kai. A new topology of Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference August 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 M. J QI Tian QIU Yan WU Yafeng. Application of EEMD to suppression of mode mixing in oscillation signals J. Noise and Vibration Control LI Hongyan WANG Huakui. Application of independent component analysis on overlapped communication signal separation J. 10. J. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument HU Aijun SUN Jingjing XIANG Ling. Mode mixing in empirical mode decomposition J. Journal of Vibration Measurement & Diagnosis J D

34 22 f t = f 0 w t + f r t f w θ t = F cos p - ω 0 t - φ 1 2 f r θ t = F cos p - ω 0 t - φ 2 3 p ω 0 F F φ 1 φ 2 t A B s Fig. 1

34 22 f t = f 0 w t + f r t f w θ t = F cos p - ω 0 t - φ 1 2 f r θ t = F cos p - ω 0 t - φ 2 3 p ω 0 F F φ 1 φ 2 t A B s Fig. 1 22 2 2018 2 Electri c Machines and Control Vol. 22 No. 2 Feb. 2018 1 2 3 3 1. 214082 2. 214082 3. 150001 DOI 10. 15938 /j. emc. 2018. 02. 005 TM 301. 4 A 1007-449X 2018 02-0033- 08 Research of permanent