生物に対する内分泌かく乱作用に関する調査研究の動向と対応の方向性

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静姓解
5 years ago
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1 22 Journal of Applied Toxicology

2 1. 2.: OECD VMGnon animal OECD Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics UK Japan US Japan

3 1. Gordon Research Conference (Environmental Endocrine Disruptors): Les Diablerets, Switzerland, HESI Workshop on Development of Alternatives to Chronic Ecotoxicity Tests: Predicting Early Life Stage and Endocrine Mediated Toxicity in Aquatic Vertebrate Species Paris, France, OECD Fish Testing Framework Workshop, Syngenta, UK, e. hormone : Tulane University, New Orleans, UK Japan Collaboration Meeting, Newcastle, UK, Toxicogenomics Meeting, Korea,1 11 What s in Our Water? CSIRO Canberra, Australia, OECD VMGnon animal, Paris, OECD Molecular Screening and Toxicogenomics, Washingon DC, US Japan Bilateral Meeting, Tokyo, 11 2 HESI Workshop on Bioaccumulation, Washington D.C., 11 2 Copenhagen Endocrine Disruptor Meeting,Denmark, 11 4 Endocrine Society Meeting, 11 6 Gordon Research Conference 12 6 New Hampshire, USA)

4 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 3 males 3 males 3 females 6 males 3 females 6 males 3 females 3 males 3 females 3 males control fish % effluent fish

% fish with ovarian cavities 45 22 9 river cont cont % WwTW

1 5 1 4 1 3 1 2 1 1 a a b b b a b b a % effluent % LRP final 32

5 % fish with ovarian cavities river cont cont % WwTW effluent water 1 2 ( VTG 1 LOEC 25 % 4 1 % Rodgers-Gray et al., & 1 Liney et al., 5 Lange et al., unpublished VTG [% of control] 1 7 % river water 5 % effluent a a b b b a b b a % effluent % LRP final 32 days 56 days 91 days 126 days (67 dph) (91 dph) (126 dph) (161 dph) a c a time of exposure (age of fish) b c a b b a

ION TRACE. Max.Scan=139#3:2.42. Total Ion Current. Max.Int.=186.59885.

5 4: 6: 8: 1: 12: 14: 16: 18: : Retention Time E2 EE2 E1 NP + NPnEO (n=1-4) yeast screens, LC-NMR-

6 ION TRACE. Max.Scan=139#3:2.42. Total Ion Current. Max.Int.= % Int.= Intensity (%age) NPNP1EONP2EO NP3EO NP4EO : 6: 8: 1: 12: 14: 16: 18: : Retention Time E2 EE2 E1 NP + NPnEO (n=1-4) yeast screens, LC-NMR- MS/GC-MSMS Absorbance (ABS) Time (minutes) Gibson etal., 5 Tyler et al., 5 E2 EE2 NP 17Equ

7 (EE2) EE2 dph Depuration Phase dph percentage 1 ovary testes ovotestes n = 54 n = 54 n = % percentage 1 n = 96 n = 59 n = 58 control.3 ng/l 4. ng/l exposure concentration during early life EE2 Lange et al. 9 control.3 ng/l 4. ng/l ovary testes ovotestes 4 ng/l EE 2

Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario 4 3 3 3 6

8 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Scenario % Breeding No Breeding Breeding Breeding.

9 Scenario 1 Scenario 3 Scenario % n = 51 control female control male effluent-exposed 'males' (contributed as females) effluent-exposed female n = 52 n = 51 % offspring sired or n = n = n = Fish Lange et al., in press.

10 3 5% % 9%?

11 3 (5 NCBI GenBank) 1 41 GenBank 37 3 qrt-pcr assays cdna (18471 expressed sequence tags available at GenBank) ER ER 2

12 in vitro in vivo? in vitro in vivo 1 medaka roach carp zebrafish stickleback minnow log [EE 2 (M)] > > >

13 (Lake 2) (EE2)

14 3

15 Lake m 36 ha Lake trout White sucker Fathead minnow Pearl dace Lake chub Finescale dace Slimy sculpin

16 RIA GC/MS/MS 5 ng/l ng/l?

17 Lake 2 Fall EE2

18 up to 42 ng/l, typically <.5 to 5 ng/l (e.g. Zhou et al. ES&T 7) (EEQ) up to 15 ng/l (Tilton et al. Aquat. Toxicol. 2) 23 (Servos et al. STOTEN 5)

個人的手, 拉著瞎子的手把他帶往村外的時候, 對於瞎子來講, 那個人的手和耶穌的手有沒有區別? 沒有! 為什麼沒有區別? 因為對於一個瞎子來說, 手和耳朵就是他接觸世界, 瞭

個人的手, 拉著瞎子的手把他帶往村外的時候, 對於瞎子來講, 那個人的手和耶穌的手有沒有區別? 沒有! 為什麼沒有區別? 因為對於一個瞎子來說, 手和耳朵就是他接觸世界, 瞭課目 : 講道法學生 : 楊建偉老師 : 汪院長時間 :2009 年 8 月 1 日靈命三階 ( 可 8:22-26) 在四部福音書中, 這是一段很特別的記載特別在什麼地方呢? 是不是特別在耶穌基督對一個病人的醫治? 不, 在耶穌三年半的服侍當中, 曾經醫治數