常言道, 冰冻三尺, 非一日之寒 5. a(n)+ 序数词表示又一, 再一 ; a most+ 形容词表示非常, 很 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳

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1 第五讲冠词代词冠词冠词简约不简单, 特指泛指需分辨 Ⅰ 示之以范原则这样运用 1.(2017 浙江卷 6 月 )For Pahlsson, its return was wonder. a 解析 : 此处泛指一个奇迹, 应用不定冠词 a 2.(2016 全国卷 Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle fed, other is with mum she never suspects. the 解析 :one...the other... 一个另一个, 为固定用法 3.(2016 全国卷 Ⅱ)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. a 解析 :for a while 一会儿, 为固定短语 4.(2016 全国卷 Ⅲ)At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself. 去掉 the 解析 :at first 起初 ; 一开始, 为固定短语 Ⅱ 通关点击原则这样解读 ( 一 ) 不定冠词 1. 在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用 a, 在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用 an a university, a useful animal, a one eyed dog, a European car, an hour, an honest boy, an X ray, an ugly man, an honor 等 I earn 10 dollars an hour as a supermarket cashier. 作为一名超市收银员我每小时挣 10 美元 2. 不定冠词 a/an 放在单数可数名词前, 泛指一个人或一个事物 (2017 湖北重点中学联考 )They found an apartment in America. They were there for only a month. 他们在美国找到一个公寓, 在那里待了仅仅一个月 3. 表示泛指说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词 At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts. 那时, 我在一家工厂工作那家工厂生产各种汽车部件 4. 表示量指不定冠词表示一这个数量, 但数的概念没有 one 强烈 As the old saying goes, Rome was not built in a day.

2 常言道, 冰冻三尺, 非一日之寒 5. a(n)+ 序数词表示又一, 再一 ; a most+ 形容词表示非常, 很 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌, 但是, 在跳远比赛中他还有一次 ( 获得金牌的 ) 机会 He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting. 在会议上他提出一个非常实用的建议 6. 在抽象名词 success, failure, surprise, pleasure, beauty, wonder, comfort, danger, shock 等前表示一个的人或一件的事 The operation is a success and the patient is now out of danger. 手术很成功, 病人目前脱离了危险 7. 不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中如 : all of a sudden in a hurry as a rule be on a visit as a matter of fact as a result have a gift for have/catch a cold make a living have/take a rest in a way give sb. a lift 突然匆忙地通常参观 ; 拜访事实上因此在某方面有天赋感冒谋生休息从某种意义上说让某人搭便车 ( 二 ) 定冠词的 6 种基本用法 1. 特指某人或某事 The village where I was born has grown into a town. 我出生的那个小村庄已经发展成了一个小镇 2. 用于序数词和形容词 / 副词最高级以及形容词 only,very,same 等之前 As is known to all, the People s Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world. 众所周知, 中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家 3. 某些形容词分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人, 要想到用定冠词 As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing. 据我所知, 格林一家要搬到北京去

3 4. 在世界上独一无二的事物, 西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词 The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays it after school. 这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴, 经常放学后演奏 5. 用于 the more...the more...( 越越 ) 结构中 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越小心, 就会越少犯错误 6. 定冠词用于固定短语中 at the moment at the same time on the contrary in the end on the whole to tell the truth in the distance on the other hand make the most of by the way go to the cinema/theater in the middle of 此刻 ; 目前同时相反最后, 最终总的来说说实话在远处另一方面充分利用顺便说一下去看电影 / 戏剧在中间 ( 三 ) 零冠词的 3 种基本用法 1. 在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词 Keeping a diary is a good habit, by which you ll make great progress. 记日记是一个可以让你取得进步的好习惯 2. 用于与 by 连用的表示交通工具通讯工具的名词前 Are you going there by plane or by ship? 你是乘飞机还是乘船去那里? 3. 用于系动词 turn 后的单数名词作表语时 After years of hard work, Tom turned engineer while Mary good manager. 多年的努力之后, 汤姆成了工程师而玛丽成了一名优秀的经理代词代词指代要想全, 理清用法是关键 Ⅰ 示之以范原则这样运用 1.(2017 浙江卷 6 月 ) She thought I had hurt (I), says Pahlsson.

4 myself 解析 : 根据句意可知, 此处表示她以为我伤到我自己了, 应用 I 的反身代词, 故填 myself 2.(2016 浙江卷 )In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK. that 解析 : 这里指代前面的不可数名词 education system, 为避免重复, 所以用 that 3.(2017 陕西检测一 )All of us have read thrilling stories.in many of (they) the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. them 解析 : 考查代词介词后跟名词代词或动名词作宾语, 故用宾格代词 them 作介词 of 的宾语 4.(2017 新疆第二次检测 )Nowadays reference books have become a problem of great concern for the teachers and the students. both 解析 : 考查固定搭配固定搭配 both...and... 意为两者都, 符合语境, 故用 both 5.(2017 全国卷 Ⅱ)Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school. all both 或去掉 all 解析 : 主语只有两个人, 应用 both 作同位语或删掉 all all 指三者或三者以上 6.(2016 全国卷 Ⅱ)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. many much 解析 : 此处应用代词 much 指代 much money, 作动词 cost 的宾语 ;many 通常指代可数名词复数 Ⅱ 通关点击原则这样解读 1. 人称代词物主代词反身代词指示代词人称单数复数分类一二三一二三人称代词主格 I you he,she, it we you they 人称代词宾格 me you him,her, it us you them 形容词性物主代词 my your his,her, its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his,hers, its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself, ourselves yourselves themselves

5 herself, itself 指示代词 this,that these,those 2. 反身代词 (1) 反身代词是由第一二人称的形容词性物主代词或第三人称的人称代词宾格加词缀 self 或 selves 构成 (2) 反身代词在句中作宾语表语或同位语 You should learn to be kind to yourself. 你要学会善待自己 (3) 反身代词的习惯用法 adapt oneself to 适应 occupy oneself with 忙于 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 help oneself 随便吃 dress oneself 自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于 express oneself 表达自己 by oneself 单独地 3. 指示代词 this,that,these,those 的用法指示代词 this/th ese that/th ose 用法指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物 ;this 也可指下文将要谈到的人或物, 起启下的作用指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物 ;that 也可指上文提到过的人或物, 起承上的作用 What I want to say is this:you should grasp every minute to finish your work. 我想说的是 : 你应该抓住每一分钟来完成你的工作 4. 不定代词 (1)the other 指两者中的另一个, 表示特指 There are two pens here. One is his, and the other is Tom s. 这儿有两支钢笔, 一支是他的, 另一支是汤姆的 (2)other 作前置定语, 修饰可数名词复数, 不可单独使用, 表示泛指, 意为另外的, 其他的 We study English, maths, Chinese and other subjects. 我们学习英语数学语文以及别的学科 (3)others 泛指其他人或其他物, 常用结构 :some...others...; 而 the others 表示特定范围中的另外的全部 Some like staying at home at the weekend; others like going to the cinema.

6 一些人喜欢周末待在家里, 另一些人喜欢去看电影 (4)another 泛指同类的人或物, 指三者或三者以上的另一个, 可单独使用或在其后加可数名词单数 I don t like this book. Please give me another one. 我不喜欢这本书, 请再给我一本 5. 不定代词 both,all,either,any,neither,none 都任何一个都不 ( 全部否定 ) 部分否定两者 both either neither= not either both 和 not 连用三者或三者以上 all any none= not any all 和 not 连用 Niki is always full of ideas,but none is useful to my knowledge. Niki 总是很有想法, 但据我所知没一个是有用的 it 高考很常见, 规则用法要记全 Ⅰ 示之以范原则这样运用 1.(2017 全国卷 Ⅱ)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day. it 解析 : 此处指代前面的 the railway, 故用 it 2.(2017 沈阳检测一 )It was time for dinner and was pretty dangerous that the sandstorm was going on and getting stronger. it 解析 : 考查主语从句分析该句结构可知, 句中 that 引导的从句为真正的主语, 空处是形式主语, 故用 it 3.(2017 河南南阳模拟 ) is very common for students to be physically present in class,but mentally absent because they are using their mobiles. It 解析 : 句意 : 对于学生来说, 他们人在教室但心却不在的现象很普遍, 因为他们在玩手机 It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 为固定句型, 意为对某人来说, 做某事是的其中 it 为形式主语, 不定式为真正的主语, 故填 It 4.(2017 安庆模拟 )He admitted that when comes to repairing a computer, he had little knowledge of it. it 解析 : 句意 : 他承认, 当说到维修电脑时, 他对此一无所知 when it comes to... 意为当说到, 为固定句型故填 it 5.(2017 重庆模拟 )I hate when someone makes a mess of my learning

7 materials on my desk. it 解析 : 句意 : 我讨厌有人把我桌子上的学习材料弄得乱七八糟的 it 常常与某些动词连用构成固定句式, 例如 :hate/dislike it when...;appreciate/help it if... 等 Ⅱ 通关点击原则这样解读 1. 指代时间天气和距离 It is rainy in summer in China. 中国夏季雨水多 2. 代替前文提到过的事物 The Smiths bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in. 史密斯一家买了一套新房子, 但是在入住之前有大量的工作要做 3.it 用作形式主语或形式宾语, 而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面, 真正的主语或宾语往往由从句动名词不定式充当 No matter where he is, he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. 不管在哪里, 他养成了早餐前散步的习惯 4. 常用于固定搭配中 make it 成功 ;hate/like/enjoy it that... 讨厌 / 喜欢 ;I can t help it 我没有办法 ; if I can help it 如果我有办法 ;when it comes to... 当涉及时 ;rely on/depend on/count on it that... 相信 ;I would appreciate it if... 如果, 我将不胜感激 I would appreciate it if you take my suggestion into consideration. 如果你考虑我的建议我将不胜感激,[ 学生用书 P27] ) Ⅰ 单句语法填空 1.(2017 石家庄质量检测一 )According to William Hanson, expert in ceremony,there s a very good reason for this and it has nothing to do with fashion, but rather a royal tradition that dates back to the sixteenth century. an 解析 : 考查冠词此处泛指一个专家,expert 的读音以元音音素开头, 故用 an 2.(2017 四川成都诊断 )I visited Hangzhou for the first time in the summer of 2016.It is so attractive that I decided to go there for second time next year. a 解析 : 句意 :2016 年夏天我第一次去杭州旅游那里如此迷人, 我决定明年再去一次 a second time 表示又一次, 再一次, 故填 a 3.(2017 合肥第一次检测 )Chinese brush calligraphy or shufa in Chinese is

8 one of most important art forms in China. the 解析 : 考查冠词根据形容词最高级 most important 可知, 空处需加定冠词 the, 此处意为最重要的艺术形式之一 4.(2017 浙江嘉兴基础测试 )Later, her role as Queen Amidala in Star Wars made her international superstar. an 解析 : 根据句意可知, 她成了一位国际巨星, 表示泛指一个, 且 international 以元音音素开头, 前面需用不定冠词 an 5.(2017 河南洛阳第一次统考 ) As soon as he opens (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him, said his music teacher. his 解析 : 考查代词根据语境 mouth 和主语 he 可知, 此处应用形容词性物主代词 his 修饰名词 mouth, 在句中作定语 6.(2017 太原二模 )Then he opened one of his bags and gave me handful of freshly picked cherries,explaining that he had just taken them from his orchard. a 解析 : 考查冠词固定搭配 a handful of 意为一把, 符合语境, 故用不定冠词 a 7.(2017 浙江金丽衢州十二校 8 月联考 )Linda,please tell me a little bit about (you). yourself 解析 : 此处表示你自己的概念, 应用反身代词, 指 Linda, 故填 yourself 8.(2017 江西赣中南五校一模 )Dating sites also make easy to avoid someone who you are not interested in. it 解析 : 句意 : 约会网站还能轻易避开那些你不感兴趣的人设空处用 it 作形式宾语, to avoid someone... 为真正宾语 9.(2017 山东师大附中二模 )At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced (her). herself 解析 : 句意 : 那时, 一位迷人的年轻女士注意到了我的书, 向我走来并自我介绍设空处作宾语, 该空处与主语 an attractive young lady 指同一人, 故用反身代词 herself 10.(2017 江西九江一中第一次月考 ) is also fun to eat in restaurants there. It 解析 : 句意 : 在那里的饭店用餐也很有趣 It 作形式主语, to eat in restaurants there 作真正的主语 Ⅱ 单句改错 1.(2017 云贵川百校联考 )But it s difficult for me to decide what activities

9 we should organize and how to plan it. 第二个 it them 解析 :plan 后应跟一个指代前面的 activities 的代词, 为复数形式, 作 plan 的宾语, 故应用表复数的宾格代词 them 2.(2017 湖北八校第一次联考 )I suddenly realized I had grown up and that I had to look after me and live independently. me myself 解析 : 考查代词与句子主语 I 呼应, 应用反身代词, 意为照顾好自己 3.(2017 长沙一模 )After work, he learned to play guitar.he liked living on the farm, for the life was simple. play 后加 the/his 解析 : 考查冠词或物主代词 guitar 为乐器, 需在其前加定冠词 the 因为 guitar 和主语 he 是所属关系, 故也可以用形容词性物主代词 his 4.(2017 河北邯郸联考 )At first, I decided to eat less in order to lose the weight. 删除 the 解析 :lose weight 意为减肥, 为固定短语, 故将 the 删除 5.(2017 洛阳统一考试 )I could only tell him a truth.instead of scolding, he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor. a the 解析 : 考查冠词 tell the truth 为固定词组搭配, 符合语境, 故用定冠词 the 6.(2017 石家庄检测一 )In the fact, this happens in many places of interest.i have some suggestions to solve this problem. 删除 fact 前的 the 解析 : 考查固定搭配 in fact 为固定搭配, 意为事实上,the 多余 7.(2017 湖北武汉武昌区高三 1 月调考 )Finally,I worked harder than ever and made great progress in her math. her my 解析 : 本句的主语是 I, 这里是指我取得进步, 故用形容词性物主代词 my 8.(2017 河南毕业班适应性考试 )A man immediately rushed to the girl to give him first aid. him her 解析 : 句意 : 一个人立即冲向那个女孩儿, 对她进行急救 give 的宾语是那个女孩儿, 因此用 her 而非 him Ⅲ 语法填空 (2017 河南天一大联考 ) Number 1 in Chinese Culture

10 Number 1 is the simplest number, but has 1. most complex cultural meaning in Chinese culture. It has the meaning of the beginning, the origin, and the whole, 2. was first suggested by Lao Zi, a well known philosopher in ancient China in his classic Tao Te Ching. Meanwhile, this number 3. (regard) as the mother of all creatures by some other Chinese philosophers in ancient times. Chinese people respect it for its meaning of the first and winner as the same in Western culture. It is easy 4. (find) how people love the word from Chinese ancient literature. There are over 260 phrases and more than 420 idioms 5. (begin) with this word in Chinese language system. In Chinese culture, it is 6. lucky nor unlucky. The 7. (combine) with some other numbers has positive meanings, such as (it) pronunciation in Chinese sounds similar to lifetime, which is widely used between 9. (lover). Sometimes, 1(Yi in Chinese pinyin) sounds similar to the word You (Ni in Chinese pinyin). The common use of in network language means I love you forever (simple) means I love you, which is the most beautiful line to all. [ 解题导语 ] 本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了数字 1 在中国传统文化中的含义 1.the 解析 :the most+ 多音节形容词, 表示 : 最的 2.which 解析 : 考查非限制性定语从句先行词在定语从句中作主语且表示物, 故填 which 3.was regarded 解析 : 考查谓语动词本句介绍的是过去的事情, 故用一般过去时 ; 主语 this number 与 regard 为被动关系, 故用被动语态综上所述此空填 was regarded 4.to find 解析 :it 作形式主语, 设空处需用不定式作真正的主语, 故填 to find 5.beginning 解析 : 设空处需用非谓语动词作定语被修饰词与 begin 为逻辑上的主动关系, 故填 beginning 6.neither 解析 : 句意 : 在中国文化中, 它既不是吉祥的也不是不吉祥的根据本句中的 nor 可知设空处填 neither neither...nor... 为固定结构, 意为 : 既不也不 7.combination 解析 : 设空处在句中作主语, 故用名词形式 ; 再根据本句中谓语动词 has 可推知本空需填名词单数形式综上所述, 设空处填 combination 8.Its 解析 : 设空处需用形容词性物主代词 its 作 pronunciation 的定语 9.lovers 解析 : 根据常识及 between 可知设空处填名词复数形式 lovers 10.simply 解析 : 设空处需用副词作 means 的状语, 故填 simply

幻灯片 1

幻灯片 1 Custom makes all things easy! 本讲任务一. 人称代词主格, 宾格二. 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词三. 反身代词一. 人称代词主格, 宾格句子成分 I broke two windows. 句子成分 I broke two windows. 句子成分 I broke two windows. 主语句子成分 I broke two windows. 主语

常言道, 冰冻三尺, 非一日之寒 5. a(n)+ 序数词 表示 又一, 再一 ; a most+ 形容词 表示 非常, 很 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳

常言道, 冰冻三尺, 非一日之寒 5. a(n)+ 序数词表示又一, 再一 ; a most+ 形容词表示非常, 很 He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump. 他在跳