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伪糜
5 years ago
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3 Session III Daolang Muqam is the Cultural Inheritance of Hunting Society Mao Jizheng Central Institute of Nationality, China Abstract On the initiative of United Nations Education Science Culture Organization (Unesco), the people all over the world pay more attention on the Human Oral and Immaterial Cultural Heritage. Especially the rare Human Oral and Immaterial Cultural Heritage is the most important of all. If reckoning in the time from Wu Yang Bone Flute of He Nan Province, Chinese music can date back to the history of eight thousand years ago. The history of Chinese music is very rich and generous. However, because our minority nationality regions are located remote areas in which roads are blocked and society is closed, before, we have not done enough research into tapping, collecting and sorting out our minority nationality traditional music and music heritage. In our some minority nationality regions, where still spread some quite precious, rare and old human oral immaterial cultural heritage. The Uygur Nationality Daolang Muqam introduced in the text is one of them. Daolang Muqam is one of five kinds of Daolang Muqam with different areas, different styles and different types which are owned by Chinese Uygur Nationality. Uygur Nationality Muqam is the only Project to be reported on the list of Human Oral and Immaterial Cultural Heritage of UNESCO by Chinese government last year. In

4 November of this year, UNESCO will officially declare the list result of appraisal and election. While looking forward to declaring the result, we are here to approach Daolang Muqam and appreciate and enjoy the real sound of Daolang Muqam. What a significant activity it is! Daolang is a branch Chinese Uygur Nationality, Daolang People live around Takelamagan Great Desert which is called Sea for Death in Sinkiang. In the old time, it s cut off from the outside world, and production lagged behind, so hunting life played an important role. Production and life of Daolang ancients fighting against nature and wild animals artistically dissolved into Daolang Muqam and that is the cultural heritage of human hunting society. The dancing content of Daolang Muqam is the whole process of Daolang People s hunting lives: in overture part, dancers lift their arms high, as if they are lifting the torch to light the wilderness for seeking wild animals; in main part, dancers perform as if language of hunting the wild animals; in the end, dancing team forms a square array and dancers whirl cheerfully to show a scene of great joy after hunting successfully. The distinguishing feature of Daolang Muqam Music is that all sorts of instruments play heartily, and all sorts of singers sing loudly and without constraint, meanwhile they don t follow each other in melody. But in a whole, the mainstay of the melody mainly shows no difference. They are harmonious and unified forming multisound music which is full of artistic appeal. In hunting society, this straight forward, uninhibited and wild artistic character which specific character cuts a figure and general character is unified is the vivid reflection that people fight by oneself and colony fight for survival of the tribe.

5 Daolang area has transformed to Pasturage Society, Farming Society as well as Business Society, and now it is striding into information Society. Traditional culture suffers all kind impact because of changes of society. During the period of the Culture Great Revolution extreme thoughts deluged, so they animadverted on Daolang Muqam to wild, lagged, lavatorial art, so Daolang mass dance performed instead; recent years, some people regarded that Daolang Muqam music was ragged and rapid disharmonious using the standard of western classic music and Chinese traditional music, so parts of Muqam music have changed into monosound music from multisound. These changes make the art of Daolang Muqam in the shade. For any art, feature and character is its key part. The feature and character od Daolang Muqam music and dance have its life and society groundwork. In modern society which develops and changes rapidly, we should make an effort to keep Daolang Muqam characteristic, projected, and spread around. In my opinion, the excellent heritage created by ancestors thousand years ago mustn t decline in the hand of our generation.

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