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1 高等海洋植物海神草营养器官的组织学特点王林桂, 赵博, 黄勃 (,, ) 摘要 : 采用常规石蜡切片法, 对海神草 (Cymodocea rotundata) 营养器官的组织学进行研究结果表明 : 海神草的根茎叶均具有发达的通气组织, 根由表皮皮层和维管柱三部分组成, 内皮层中有凯氏带且六面加厚结构茎由表皮基本组织和维管组织三部分组成, 维管组织有 1 束中央维管束和数束外环维管束, 维管束为有限外韧维管束, 有气隙分布叶由表皮叶肉和叶脉三部分组成, 上下表皮均由单层细胞构成, 排列规则无胞间隙, 其外壁覆盖一层连续的角质层, 无气孔但分布有类泡状细胞, 表皮细胞中富含叶绿体, 是光合作用的主要部位本文还讨论了海神草营养器官与海洋沉水生活相适应的结构特征关键词 : 海神草 (Cymodocea rotundata); 营养器官 ; 组织学中图分类号 : Q944.6 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) doi: /hykx , 0.02 %, (seagrass) [1], , [2-3],,, [5] (Cymodocea rotundata) (Cymodoceaceae), (Cymodocea),,, [4-5] [6-7] [8-9],,,, 1 材料与方法 1.1 材料方法, 0.5 cm, FAA(75% 90 ml+ 5 ml+ 5 ml), 15~30 min FAA [10], 6~10 μm,, Olympus BH-4, S-3000N 2 实验结果 2.1 根, ( 1-1),, : ; : : (80137); (xkxm ); 2009 ; (071001) : 1978-),,,,, linguiwang@126.com; 86 / 2015 / 39 / 12

2 ,,,, 1 27,,,,, ; ( 1-2),,,,,,, 4, ( 1-3) 2.2 茎 ( 1-4),,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 ( 1-5), ( 1-6) 2.3 叶 ( 1-7),,,,,,, ( 1-12),,,,, ( 1-8), ( 1-13),, ( 1-12) 2~4, ( 1-11) ( 1-9),,,, ( 1-13), ( 1-14) 3 讨论, Arber, den Hartog [3] ( 2400 ),, ; ; ; ; Arber [2], ( 1-2, 1-5, 1-8), [12],,,,, ( 1-12, 1-13),,,,, Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 12 /

Fig.1 图 1 海神草营养器官的组织结构 Histological structure of Cymodocea rotundata vegetative organs 1-1. 根的横切面, 示根的整体结构; 1-2. 根的横切面, 示根的表皮外皮层和通气组织; 1-3. 根的横切面, 示根的内皮层和中柱; 1-4.茎的横切面, 示茎的整体结构; 1-5.

3 Fig.1 图 1 海神草营养器官的组织结构 Histological structure of Cymodocea rotundata vegetative organs 1-1. 根的横切面, 示根的整体结构; 1-2. 根的横切面, 示根的表皮外皮层和通气组织; 1-3. 根的横切面, 示根的内皮层和中柱; 1-4.茎的横切面, 示茎的整体结构; 1-5. 茎的横切面, 茎的基本组织和维管组织; 1-6. 茎的横切面, 茎的中央维管束; 1-7. 叶的横切面, 示叶的整体结构; 1-8. 叶的横切面, 示叶的通气组织和叶脉; 1-9. 叶的横切面, 示厚壁细胞; 叶的横切面, 示通气组织; 叶的横切面, 示叶脉, 叶的纵切面, 示通气组织和气道横隔; 叶的横切面, 示气道横隔和类泡状细胞; 海神草的叶表水装片图, 示类泡状细胞; 海神草叶表电镜图, 示类泡状细胞 1-1. Transection of the root showing the whole structure; 1-2. Transection of the root showing the epidermis, exodermis, and aerenchyma; 1-3. Transection of the root showing the endodermis pericycle, xylem, and phloem; 1-4. Transection of the stem showing the whole structure; 1-5. Transection of the stem showing its basic organization and vascular tissue; 1-6. Transection of stem the showing its central vascular system; 1-7. Transection of the leaf showing the whole structure; 1-8. Transection of the leaf showing a sclerenchyma cell and vein; 1-9. Transection of the leaf showing a sclerenchyma cell; Transection of the leaf showing the aerenchyma; Transection of the leaf showing a vein; Longitudinal section of the leaf showing the aerenchyma and a special structure; Transection of the leaf showing the chamber septum and bulliform-like cells; Water slices of the leaf surface in C.rotundata, showing the bulliform-like cells; SEM photograph of a leaf surface in C.rotundata showing the bulliform-like cells. Ep. 表皮; Ex. 外皮层; Pc. 薄壁细胞; A. 通气组织; En. 内皮层; P. 中柱鞘; Cs. 凯氏带; Px. 初生木质部; Pp. 初生韧皮部; Vc. 维管束; Al. 气隙; Sc. 厚壁细胞; Vc. 叶脉; Px. 初生木质部; Pp. 初生韧皮部;. 气道横隔;. 类泡状细胞 Ep. epidermis; Ex. exodermis; Pc. parenchyma cell; A. aerenchyma; En. endodermis; P. pericycle; Cs. Casparian strip; Px. primary eylem; Pp. primary phloem; Vc. vascular; Al. air lacunae; Sc. sclerenchyma cell; Vc. vein; Px. primary eylem; Pp. primary phloem; chamber septum; bulliform-like cell. 88 海洋科学 / 2015 年 / 第 39 卷 / 第 12 期

4 ,, ( 1-14),,,, O 2 CO 2 ;, [13] O 2 CO 2, O 2 CO 2, CO 2,, CO 2 (HCO 3 ) (CO 2 3 ), PH , HCO 3 CO 2 CO [14], Sven Beer Cymodocea nodosa Halophila ovalis Zostera marina HCO 3 [14-15] (carbonic anhydrase, CA) HCO 3 CO 2, CA,, CA HCO 3 CO 2, CO 2 [16],,,,, [13],, ( 1-10, 1-14, 1-15), ( 1-9),,,,,,, ( 1-3),,,,,,,,, : [1] Hemming M A, Duarte C M. Seagrass Ecology[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008: [2] Anthony W D L, Robert J O, Carlos M D. Seagrasses: Biology Ecology and Conservation[M]. Netherlands: Springer, 2006: [3],,. [M]. :, [4]. [J]., 1979, 2: [5],. [J]., 1981, 1(1): [6]. ( )[M]. :, 1990: [7]. [J]., 1993, 11(2): [8]. [J]., 1982, 2: [9] Huang X P, Huang L M, Li Y H, et al. Main seagrass beds and threats to their habitats in the coastal sea of South China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006, 51(2): [10]. : 2 [M]. :, [11],,. [J]., 1999, 18(5): [12],. [J]., 2002, 38(6): [13]. [C]// :, 2002: [14] Beer S, Rehnberg J. The acquisition of inorganic carbon by the seagrass Zostera marina[j]. Aquat Bot, 1997, 56: Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 12 /

5 [15] Durako M J. Photosynthetic utilization of CO 2 and HCO 3 in Thalassia testudinum(hydrocharitaceae)[j]. Marine Biology, 1993, 115: [16] Siltemeyer D, Schmi C, Fock H P. Carbonic abhydrase in higher plants and aquatic microorganisms [J]. Plant Physiology, 1993, 88: Histological characteristics of the vegetative organs in Cymodocea rotundata WANG Lin-gui, ZHAO Bo, HUANG Bo (National Class Marine Biology Experiment Teaching Demonstration Center; College of Marine Science, Hainan University, Haikou , China) Received: Dec., 1, 2014 Key words: Cymodocea rotundata; vegetative organs; histological Abstract: The histological characteristics of the vegetative organs in Cymodocea rotundata were studied using the traditional paraffin wax sections method. The results showed that the vegetative organs have developed aerenchyma tissues. The roots can be divided into three parts called the epidermis, cortex, and vascular tissue from outside to inside. The endodermis has a Casparian strip and six thickened structures. The stem can be divided into the epidermis, the basic organization, and vascular tissue. Within the stem there is one beam of a central vascular bundle and some outer vascular bundles. The leaves can be divided into the epidermis, the mesophylls, and the veins. Both the upper and lower epidermal cells are uniseriate. The epidermal cells have a regular column shape with no intercellular spaces. Their outer walls are thickened and the surface of the outer walls are covered with continuous cutin. Bulliform-like cells but no stomas were found in the epidermis. The chloroplasts in the epidermal cells are numerous and extensive, and the epidermal cells are the main place for photosynthetic reactions. The anatomical characteristics mentioned above are a result of environmental adaptations. ( 本文编辑 : 梁德海 ) 90 / 2015 / 39 / 12

12-1b T Q235B ML15 Ca OH Table 1 Chemical composition of specimens % C Si Mn S P Cr Ni Fe

12-1b T Q235B ML15 Ca OH Table 1 Chemical composition of specimens % C Si Mn S P Cr Ni Fe * - - 100084 Q235B ML15 Ca OH 2 DOI 10. 13204 /j. gyjz201508023 STUDY OF GALVANIC CORROSION SENSITIVITY BETWEEN ANY COUPLE OF STUD WELDMENT OR BEAM Lu Xinying Li Yang Li Yuanjin Department of Civil Engineering